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Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605850
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Why NASA spacesuits are white
What do Neil Armstrong, Ed White, and today's ISS (International Space Station) astronauts have in
common? They all wore a white spacesuit. And they're not alone. Beyond NASA, space programs in countries
like Russia and China also use white suits. Not the colors of the Russian flag or China's iconic yellow and red,
just white. That basic color has saved countless astronaut lives. NASA didn't always have white spacesuits.
Their very first manned spaceflight featured silver suits, but none of those astronauts actually explored the
vacuum of space. And that's the key because out there, spacesuits have to be highly reflective. And the best
color for that isn't silver, it's white.
Here on Earth, our atmosphere shields us from 77% of the sun's radiation. But astronauts in space don't
have that natural shield, which makes them vulnerable to blistering temperatures, severe sunburn, and even
cancer-causing cell damage. So to combat that, they wear white suits that reflect the sun's harmful radiation.
But those white EVA (extra-vehicular activity) suits aren't the only garment in an astronaut's closet. When
heading into space or coming home, NASA astronauts wear a bright orange suit because that loud orange
stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention, so if there's a malfunction during
landing and astronauts have to abandon ship, so to speak, they need to be easy to spot for rescue crews.
That being said, times are changing. Nowadays we have more sophisticated ways of locating astronauts
in need of rescue, like GPS trackers and transponders, so space agencies are now free to get creative with their
color choices. NASA and other programs are already starting to use other colors like deep blue and mustard
yellow. And in the future, they could look a lot different because NASA is heading to Mars. It will be the longest
crewed space mission to date, taking as long as three years from start to finish, and during that time, astronauts
could suffer from boredom or depression. That's where colorful spacesuits could be useful.
Adapted from https://www.businessinsider.com/why-are-nasa-spacesuits-white-2019-4
According to the text, read the statements and choose the correct alternative.
I- Silver spacesuits were used in the past.
II - The Earth receives 77% of the sun's radiation.
III - When going to or returning from a mission, NASA astronauts wear a vibrant color suit.
IV - At present, there aren't any other ways of tracking astronauts in rescue.
V - Colorful spacesuits could prevent boredom or depression.
I- Silver spacesuits were used in the past.
II - The Earth receives 77% of the sun's radiation.
III - When going to or returning from a mission, NASA astronauts wear a vibrant color suit.
IV - At present, there aren't any other ways of tracking astronauts in rescue.
V - Colorful spacesuits could prevent boredom or depression.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605849
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Why NASA spacesuits are white
What do Neil Armstrong, Ed White, and today's ISS (International Space Station) astronauts have in
common? They all wore a white spacesuit. And they're not alone. Beyond NASA, space programs in countries
like Russia and China also use white suits. Not the colors of the Russian flag or China's iconic yellow and red,
just white. That basic color has saved countless astronaut lives. NASA didn't always have white spacesuits.
Their very first manned spaceflight featured silver suits, but none of those astronauts actually explored the
vacuum of space. And that's the key because out there, spacesuits have to be highly reflective. And the best
color for that isn't silver, it's white.
Here on Earth, our atmosphere shields us from 77% of the sun's radiation. But astronauts in space don't
have that natural shield, which makes them vulnerable to blistering temperatures, severe sunburn, and even
cancer-causing cell damage. So to combat that, they wear white suits that reflect the sun's harmful radiation.
But those white EVA (extra-vehicular activity) suits aren't the only garment in an astronaut's closet. When
heading into space or coming home, NASA astronauts wear a bright orange suit because that loud orange
stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention, so if there's a malfunction during
landing and astronauts have to abandon ship, so to speak, they need to be easy to spot for rescue crews.
That being said, times are changing. Nowadays we have more sophisticated ways of locating astronauts
in need of rescue, like GPS trackers and transponders, so space agencies are now free to get creative with their
color choices. NASA and other programs are already starting to use other colors like deep blue and mustard
yellow. And in the future, they could look a lot different because NASA is heading to Mars. It will be the longest
crewed space mission to date, taking as long as three years from start to finish, and during that time, astronauts
could suffer from boredom or depression. That's where colorful spacesuits could be useful.
Adapted from https://www.businessinsider.com/why-are-nasa-spacesuits-white-2019-4
Choose the alternative that has the sentence "That basic color has saved countless astronaut
lives." (paragraph 1) correctly changed into passive voice.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605848
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Why NASA spacesuits are white
What do Neil Armstrong, Ed White, and today's ISS (International Space Station) astronauts have in
common? They all wore a white spacesuit. And they're not alone. Beyond NASA, space programs in countries
like Russia and China also use white suits. Not the colors of the Russian flag or China's iconic yellow and red,
just white. That basic color has saved countless astronaut lives. NASA didn't always have white spacesuits.
Their very first manned spaceflight featured silver suits, but none of those astronauts actually explored the
vacuum of space. And that's the key because out there, spacesuits have to be highly reflective. And the best
color for that isn't silver, it's white.
Here on Earth, our atmosphere shields us from 77% of the sun's radiation. But astronauts in space don't
have that natural shield, which makes them vulnerable to blistering temperatures, severe sunburn, and even
cancer-causing cell damage. So to combat that, they wear white suits that reflect the sun's harmful radiation.
But those white EVA (extra-vehicular activity) suits aren't the only garment in an astronaut's closet. When
heading into space or coming home, NASA astronauts wear a bright orange suit because that loud orange
stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention, so if there's a malfunction during
landing and astronauts have to abandon ship, so to speak, they need to be easy to spot for rescue crews.
That being said, times are changing. Nowadays we have more sophisticated ways of locating astronauts
in need of rescue, like GPS trackers and transponders, so space agencies are now free to get creative with their
color choices. NASA and other programs are already starting to use other colors like deep blue and mustard
yellow. And in the future, they could look a lot different because NASA is heading to Mars. It will be the longest
crewed space mission to date, taking as long as three years from start to finish, and during that time, astronauts
could suffer from boredom or depression. That's where colorful spacesuits could be useful.
Adapted from https://www.businessinsider.com/why-are-nasa-spacesuits-white-2019-4
Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes countless in the sentence "That basic color has
saved countless astronaut lives." (paragraph 1)
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605847
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
(Título omitido propositadamente)
(CNN) - A couple abandoned their baby at an airport check-in desk in Tel Aviv, Israel after
arriving without a ticket for the child. The pair, who have not been identified, were checking in for a
Ryanair flight from Ben Gurion International Airport to Brussels, Belgium on Tuesday with the
infant. It emerged that the baby did not have a ticket, and the couple headed off to board the flight -
leaving their child behind on the airline check-in counter.
"The matter was referred to police", a spokeswoman for Ryanair told CNN in an email. She
said: "These passengers traveling from Tel Aviv to Brussels presented at check-in without a
booking for their infant. They then proceeded to security leaving the infant behind at check-in. The
check-in agent at Ben Gurion Airport contacted Airport Security, who retrieved these passengers,
and this is now a matter for local police."
According to Ryanair's website, "infants can be included in a flight reservation during the
online booking process." When making plans to travel with an infant, a pop-up message appears
on the site stating that there is a €25 ($27) charge - or the local currency equivalent - for each
one-way flight the baby takes while sitting on an adult's lap. A seat must be paid for by separate
arrangement if the adults want the baby to travel in a car seat.
The Israeli Airport Authority confirmed the episode to CNN and said in a statement: "A couple
and an infant with Belgian passports arrived for a flight at Terminal 1 without a ticket for the baby.
The couple also arrived late for the flight, once the check-in for the flight was closed. The couple
left the infant seat with the baby and ran toward the security checks at Terminal 1 in an attempt to
reach the boarding gate for the flight."
A spokesman for Israel Police told CNN in a phone call that the matter appeared to have
been resolved by the time police arrived on the scene. He said: "The baby was with the parents
and there's no further investigation."
Adapted from https://edition.cnn.com/travel
A round-trip ticket for an infant on an adult's lap costs
Ano: 2023
Banca:
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Órgão:
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Prova:
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Q3605846
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
(Título omitido propositadamente)
(CNN) - A couple abandoned their baby at an airport check-in desk in Tel Aviv, Israel after
arriving without a ticket for the child. The pair, who have not been identified, were checking in for a
Ryanair flight from Ben Gurion International Airport to Brussels, Belgium on Tuesday with the
infant. It emerged that the baby did not have a ticket, and the couple headed off to board the flight -
leaving their child behind on the airline check-in counter.
"The matter was referred to police", a spokeswoman for Ryanair told CNN in an email. She
said: "These passengers traveling from Tel Aviv to Brussels presented at check-in without a
booking for their infant. They then proceeded to security leaving the infant behind at check-in. The
check-in agent at Ben Gurion Airport contacted Airport Security, who retrieved these passengers,
and this is now a matter for local police."
According to Ryanair's website, "infants can be included in a flight reservation during the
online booking process." When making plans to travel with an infant, a pop-up message appears
on the site stating that there is a €25 ($27) charge - or the local currency equivalent - for each
one-way flight the baby takes while sitting on an adult's lap. A seat must be paid for by separate
arrangement if the adults want the baby to travel in a car seat.
The Israeli Airport Authority confirmed the episode to CNN and said in a statement: "A couple
and an infant with Belgian passports arrived for a flight at Terminal 1 without a ticket for the baby.
The couple also arrived late for the flight, once the check-in for the flight was closed. The couple
left the infant seat with the baby and ran toward the security checks at Terminal 1 in an attempt to
reach the boarding gate for the flight."
A spokesman for Israel Police told CNN in a phone call that the matter appeared to have
been resolved by the time police arrived on the scene. He said: "The baby was with the parents
and there's no further investigation."
Adapted from https://edition.cnn.com/travel
CNN obtained information to write the article through
Ano: 2023
Banca:
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Órgão:
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Prova:
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Q3605845
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
(Título omitido propositadamente)
(CNN) - A couple abandoned their baby at an airport check-in desk in Tel Aviv, Israel after
arriving without a ticket for the child. The pair, who have not been identified, were checking in for a
Ryanair flight from Ben Gurion International Airport to Brussels, Belgium on Tuesday with the
infant. It emerged that the baby did not have a ticket, and the couple headed off to board the flight -
leaving their child behind on the airline check-in counter.
"The matter was referred to police", a spokeswoman for Ryanair told CNN in an email. She
said: "These passengers traveling from Tel Aviv to Brussels presented at check-in without a
booking for their infant. They then proceeded to security leaving the infant behind at check-in. The
check-in agent at Ben Gurion Airport contacted Airport Security, who retrieved these passengers,
and this is now a matter for local police."
According to Ryanair's website, "infants can be included in a flight reservation during the
online booking process." When making plans to travel with an infant, a pop-up message appears
on the site stating that there is a €25 ($27) charge - or the local currency equivalent - for each
one-way flight the baby takes while sitting on an adult's lap. A seat must be paid for by separate
arrangement if the adults want the baby to travel in a car seat.
The Israeli Airport Authority confirmed the episode to CNN and said in a statement: "A couple
and an infant with Belgian passports arrived for a flight at Terminal 1 without a ticket for the baby.
The couple also arrived late for the flight, once the check-in for the flight was closed. The couple
left the infant seat with the baby and ran toward the security checks at Terminal 1 in an attempt to
reach the boarding gate for the flight."
A spokesman for Israel Police told CNN in a phone call that the matter appeared to have
been resolved by the time police arrived on the scene. He said: "The baby was with the parents
and there's no further investigation."
Adapted from https://edition.cnn.com/travel
Choose the most appropriate title for the text.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605844
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Identical twins go on separate vegan and meat diets to see difference they make to body
In 2021, a set of identical twins took part in an experiment that involved one going vegan
while the other consumed meat to see which of these two diets is (1) ________. The diets are
complete polar opposites, but which one is being (2) ________ to your body?
Well, explorers Hugo and Ross Turner decided to put the plant-based and omnivore diets to
the test to see which was better - with Hugo ditching meat and dairy and Ross sticking to a diet
that included meat, dairy and fish. The twins took part in the Kings College London study over a
12-week period (3) ________ the same number of calories each day as well as carrying out the same
gym training.
Hugo admitted that the switch to a plant-based diet hadn't been easy, but he eventually
ended up feeling more energetic. "I was on the vegan diet and it really does take a hit on your
body. I was now having to eat fruit and nuts and alternatives that didn't have any dairy in them -
and so that meant I was eating a lot more wholesome food, which meant that my sugar levels were
a lot satiated during the day. I felt like I had more energy."
On the other hand, Ross' meat-eating journey was a little different. As he said, his gym
performance was 'up and down a little bit more'. He added that on some days of the challenge he
felt 'very energetic' and on others he would have 'huge lulls'.
By the end of the 12-week study, the men found that the differences between the two diets
weren't very significant, after all.
Adapted from https://www.ladbible.com/community/twins-vegan-meat-diet-233165-20230217
In the sentence "He added that on some days of the challenge he felt 'very energetic' and on others
he would have 'huge lulls'." (paragraph 4), the word lulls means Ross felt
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605843
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Identical twins go on separate vegan and meat diets to see difference they make to body
In 2021, a set of identical twins took part in an experiment that involved one going vegan
while the other consumed meat to see which of these two diets is (1) ________. The diets are
complete polar opposites, but which one is being (2) ________ to your body?
Well, explorers Hugo and Ross Turner decided to put the plant-based and omnivore diets to
the test to see which was better - with Hugo ditching meat and dairy and Ross sticking to a diet
that included meat, dairy and fish. The twins took part in the Kings College London study over a
12-week period (3) ________ the same number of calories each day as well as carrying out the same
gym training.
Hugo admitted that the switch to a plant-based diet hadn't been easy, but he eventually
ended up feeling more energetic. "I was on the vegan diet and it really does take a hit on your
body. I was now having to eat fruit and nuts and alternatives that didn't have any dairy in them -
and so that meant I was eating a lot more wholesome food, which meant that my sugar levels were
a lot satiated during the day. I felt like I had more energy."
On the other hand, Ross' meat-eating journey was a little different. As he said, his gym
performance was 'up and down a little bit more'. He added that on some days of the challenge he
felt 'very energetic' and on others he would have 'huge lulls'.
By the end of the 12-week study, the men found that the differences between the two diets
weren't very significant, after all.
Adapted from https://www.ladbible.com/community/twins-vegan-meat-diet-233165-20230217
Choose the alternative which best completes gap (3) in paragraph 2.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
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Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
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Q3605842
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Identical twins go on separate vegan and meat diets to see difference they make to body
In 2021, a set of identical twins took part in an experiment that involved one going vegan
while the other consumed meat to see which of these two diets is (1) ________. The diets are
complete polar opposites, but which one is being (2) ________ to your body?
Well, explorers Hugo and Ross Turner decided to put the plant-based and omnivore diets to
the test to see which was better - with Hugo ditching meat and dairy and Ross sticking to a diet
that included meat, dairy and fish. The twins took part in the Kings College London study over a
12-week period (3) ________ the same number of calories each day as well as carrying out the same
gym training.
Hugo admitted that the switch to a plant-based diet hadn't been easy, but he eventually
ended up feeling more energetic. "I was on the vegan diet and it really does take a hit on your
body. I was now having to eat fruit and nuts and alternatives that didn't have any dairy in them -
and so that meant I was eating a lot more wholesome food, which meant that my sugar levels were
a lot satiated during the day. I felt like I had more energy."
On the other hand, Ross' meat-eating journey was a little different. As he said, his gym
performance was 'up and down a little bit more'. He added that on some days of the challenge he
felt 'very energetic' and on others he would have 'huge lulls'.
By the end of the 12-week study, the men found that the differences between the two diets
weren't very significant, after all.
Adapted from https://www.ladbible.com/community/twins-vegan-meat-diet-233165-20230217
Choose the alternative with words that respectively complete gaps (1) and (2). (paragraph 1)
Ano: 2023
Banca:
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Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
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Q3605841
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Entertainment
In the summer of 1944, the popular comedian and radio personality Bob Hope began another of
his famous tours of military camps for the United Service Organizations (USO). This particular tour
made stops in Hawaii and on small islands all across the Pacific theater, where Hope and his troupe
performed 150 shows in two months. American military personnel loved the shows. Hope's jokes and
silly stunts made them laugh and took their minds away from the war for a few minutes. Entertainment
gave them something to fight for.
Military commanders in all wars throughout history have understood that morale is essential to a
force's willingness to fight and endure hardship. While good morale depends (1) ________ many things,
including good leadership, clear purposes and good food, entertainment played a crucial role in the
morale of American military forces during World War II (WWII). Entertainment also served particular
purposes for different constituent groups. Of course, entertainment gave servicemen a break from the
stresses and the boredom of war. Radio programs, movie showings, USO shows, and visits from Red
Cross women serving donuts all allowed soldiers to think (2) ________ something besides the war,
relax and even to laugh.
Adapted from https://americansoldierww2.org/topics/entertainment
According to the text, read the statements and choose the correct alternative.
I - Military servicemen made Bob Hope laugh.
II - The tour terminated in Hawaii.
III - Radio programs, movie showings and USO shows are examples of entertainment during
IV - Entertainment is essential to elevate the morale of the military personnel during war.
V - Bob Hope and his troupe performed a hundred fifteen shows in sixty days.
I - Military servicemen made Bob Hope laugh.
II - The tour terminated in Hawaii.
III - Radio programs, movie showings and USO shows are examples of entertainment during
IV - Entertainment is essential to elevate the morale of the military personnel during war.
V - Bob Hope and his troupe performed a hundred fifteen shows in sixty days.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
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Q3605840
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Entertainment
In the summer of 1944, the popular comedian and radio personality Bob Hope began another of
his famous tours of military camps for the United Service Organizations (USO). This particular tour
made stops in Hawaii and on small islands all across the Pacific theater, where Hope and his troupe
performed 150 shows in two months. American military personnel loved the shows. Hope's jokes and
silly stunts made them laugh and took their minds away from the war for a few minutes. Entertainment
gave them something to fight for.
Military commanders in all wars throughout history have understood that morale is essential to a
force's willingness to fight and endure hardship. While good morale depends (1) ________ many things,
including good leadership, clear purposes and good food, entertainment played a crucial role in the
morale of American military forces during World War II (WWII). Entertainment also served particular
purposes for different constituent groups. Of course, entertainment gave servicemen a break from the
stresses and the boredom of war. Radio programs, movie showings, USO shows, and visits from Red
Cross women serving donuts all allowed soldiers to think (2) ________ something besides the war,
relax and even to laugh.
Adapted from https://americansoldierww2.org/topics/entertainment
Choose the alternative with prepositions that respectively complete gaps (1) and (2) in the
correct way. (paragraph 2)
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
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Q3605839
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
Entertainment
In the summer of 1944, the popular comedian and radio personality Bob Hope began another of
his famous tours of military camps for the United Service Organizations (USO). This particular tour
made stops in Hawaii and on small islands all across the Pacific theater, where Hope and his troupe
performed 150 shows in two months. American military personnel loved the shows. Hope's jokes and
silly stunts made them laugh and took their minds away from the war for a few minutes. Entertainment
gave them something to fight for.
Military commanders in all wars throughout history have understood that morale is essential to a
force's willingness to fight and endure hardship. While good morale depends (1) ________ many things,
including good leadership, clear purposes and good food, entertainment played a crucial role in the
morale of American military forces during World War II (WWII). Entertainment also served particular
purposes for different constituent groups. Of course, entertainment gave servicemen a break from the
stresses and the boredom of war. Radio programs, movie showings, USO shows, and visits from Red
Cross women serving donuts all allowed soldiers to think (2) ________ something besides the war,
relax and even to laugh.
Adapted from https://americansoldierww2.org/topics/entertainment
In the sentence "Hope's jokes and silly stunts made them laugh and took their minds away from the
war for a few minutes." (paragraph 1), the words them and their refer to
Ano: 2023
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Órgão:
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Q3605838
História
Com o objetivo inicial de romper o monopólio de genoveses e venezianos (que controlavam as
rotas do Mar Mediterrâneo) no lucrativo comércio de produtos orientais, a alternativa encontrada pelos
comerciantes portugueses foi investir na descoberta de um novo caminho para o Oriente, pelo Oceano
Atlântico, dando início à época das "Grandes Navegações". Relativamente aos fatores que levaram ao
pioneirismo português nesse processo, analise as assertivas abaixo.
I - Portugal foi o primeiro país europeu a instituir uma monarquia nacional centralizada.
II - Os portugueses aperfeiçoaram mapas e inventaram a caravela.
III - A posição geográfica de Portugal não teve grande influência.
IV - Com a invenção da imprensa, a popularização dos livros incentivou as pessoas a se aventurarem em busca de riqueza, fama e glória.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente assertivas corretas.
I - Portugal foi o primeiro país europeu a instituir uma monarquia nacional centralizada.
II - Os portugueses aperfeiçoaram mapas e inventaram a caravela.
III - A posição geográfica de Portugal não teve grande influência.
IV - Com a invenção da imprensa, a popularização dos livros incentivou as pessoas a se aventurarem em busca de riqueza, fama e glória.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente assertivas corretas.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
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Q3605837
História
Inicialmente povoada por iberos, celtas e lígures, a Península Ibérica sofreu sucessivas invasões
ao longo de sua história. Assim, as monarquias de Portugal e Espanha foram formadas no contexto das
lutas contra os invasores que dominaram a Península Ibérica desde o século VIII, chamadas de
"Reconquista Cristã" ou "Guerra de Reconquista". Os invasores em questão eram
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605836
História
Em 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev, um homem com ideias novas, assumiu o poder na União Soviética.
Todavia, não conseguiu frear a marcha dos acontecimentos que levariam à derrocada de uma potência
militar e econômica que teve papel central na história do século XX. Relativamente ao assunto, analise
as assertivas abaixo.
I - Para enfrentar as crises herdadas, Gorbachev propôs um amplo programa de reformas econômicas (Perestroika) e políticas (Glasnost).
II - Em agosto de 1991, os conservadores, liderados por Boris Yeltsin, desfecharam um golpe de Estado para derrubar Gorbachev.
III - As reformas de Gorbachev sofreram forte oposição interna, tanto da ala conservadora do Partido Comunista, como da ala ultrarreformista.
IV - Logo após a extinção da União Soviética, foi criada a Comunidade dos Estados Independentes (CEI), reunindo diversas ex-repúblicas soviéticas.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente assertivas corretas.
I - Para enfrentar as crises herdadas, Gorbachev propôs um amplo programa de reformas econômicas (Perestroika) e políticas (Glasnost).
II - Em agosto de 1991, os conservadores, liderados por Boris Yeltsin, desfecharam um golpe de Estado para derrubar Gorbachev.
III - As reformas de Gorbachev sofreram forte oposição interna, tanto da ala conservadora do Partido Comunista, como da ala ultrarreformista.
IV - Logo após a extinção da União Soviética, foi criada a Comunidade dos Estados Independentes (CEI), reunindo diversas ex-repúblicas soviéticas.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente assertivas corretas.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605835
História
Considerando-se os países envolvidos e as inovações técnicas, os historiadores identificaram
grandes momentos do processo de industrialização ao longo do tempo, classificando-os em Primeira,
Segunda e Terceira Revoluções Industriais. Com relação à nova dinâmica produtiva e tecnológica
decorrente da Terceira Revolução Industrial (eventualmente chamada de "Revolução Técnico-Científico-Informacional") é correto afirmar que
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605834
História
Com a Proclamação da República, uma das medidas iniciais foi a criação de novos símbolos
nacionais, o que levou a disputas entre grupos políticos para a escolha da nova bandeira do Brasil.
Após uma versão provisória, inspirada na bandeira norte-americana (com listras verdes e
amarelas), a bandeira escolhida acabou por manter o retângulo verde e o losango amarelo-ouro da
bandeira imperial, mas trocando o brasão do Império por um círculo azul com estrelas, cortado por
uma faixa branca com a inscrição "Ordem e Progresso". Esse lema foi inspirado
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605833
História
Apesar do fato de Estados Unidos e União Soviética terem terminado a Segunda Guerra
Mundial como aliados, rapidamente as relações entre ambos os países deterioraram-se. O motivo
mais claro do rompimento é ideológico, visto que estudiosos afirmam que capitalismo e socialismo
são incompatíveis em suas formas de entender as diversas esferas da vida humana, o que inclui
desde o papel do Estado até os direitos prioritários dos cidadãos. Relativamente ao assunto,
analise as assertivas abaixo.
I - O Kominform e o COMECON constituíram-se numa reação soviética ao Plano Marshall, concebido pelos EUA.
II - A Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte (OTAN) foi criada em resposta ao Pacto de Varsóvia.
III - No contexto da Doutrina Truman, o Plano Marshall, lançado pelos EUA em 1947, incluía, desde seu início, apoio econômico aos países capitalistas ocidentais, Japão e países do Sudeste asiático.
IV - Diante do revigoramento da Alemanha Ocidental (capitalista), graças aos investimentos do Plano Marshall e à unificação administrativa do seu território (antes dividido entre os aliados capitalistas), a União Soviética impôs um bloqueio terrestre à cidade de Berlim, situada na parte soviéticа.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente assertivas corretas.
I - O Kominform e o COMECON constituíram-se numa reação soviética ao Plano Marshall, concebido pelos EUA.
II - A Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte (OTAN) foi criada em resposta ao Pacto de Varsóvia.
III - No contexto da Doutrina Truman, o Plano Marshall, lançado pelos EUA em 1947, incluía, desde seu início, apoio econômico aos países capitalistas ocidentais, Japão e países do Sudeste asiático.
IV - Diante do revigoramento da Alemanha Ocidental (capitalista), graças aos investimentos do Plano Marshall e à unificação administrativa do seu território (antes dividido entre os aliados capitalistas), a União Soviética impôs um bloqueio terrestre à cidade de Berlim, situada na parte soviéticа.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente assertivas corretas.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605832
História
Diversos grupos étnicos ocupavam a América à época do descobrimento, por vezes
verdadeiras civilizações, desenvolvidas durante séculos. A chegada dos conquistadores espanhóis,
submetendo os nativos e explorando seu trabalho, levou ao extermínio de grande parte da
população encontrada e ao declínio desses povos. Foram alvo da exploração colonial espanhola os
povos
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
EsPCEx
Prova:
Exército - 2023 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3605831
História
Na fase final da Idade Média, houve um notável crescimento populacional. Com o aumento da
produção agrícola, o desenvolvimento do artesanato e o maior contato com povos orientais, o
comércio ganhou significativo impulso. Essa expansão comercial impulsionou o aumento da
produção artesanal e vice-versa. Os artesãos, com o objetivo de defender seus interesses,
regulamentar o exercício da profissão e controlar o fornecimento de seus produtos, organizaram-se
então em
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