Mark the option that completes the text correctly.
By the time the tugboat finally _____________, the other vessel ____________ for two hours. The Captain later _____________ that if the engine had failed earlier, the grounding _____________ .

Question

New Al System could prevent vessel collisions by
reducing dependence on ship CaptainResearchers at Texas A&M University have created an
intelligent Al system that can help prevent accidents and
collisions at sea. Named 'Ship Collision Avoidance of
Machine Learning and Radar Technology for Stationary
Entities and Avoidance', or SMART-SEA, the platform
works to decrease the dependence on ship captains.The project team was led by Dr Mirjan Fürth, an assistant
professor of ocean engineering, who was awarded a
contract by the US Department of the Interior (DOI) and
the US Department of Energy (DOE) through the Ocean
Energy Safety Institute (OESI). It is not completely an
autonomous system, rather it provides 'a human-in-theloop', who gives real-time instructions based on maritime
traffic,weather and other factors.This makes navigation safer and easier for the crew,
transiting crucial or dangerous waterways by providing
additional information and instructions. Collisions between
vessels and accidents like ships hitting stationary
structures like rigs or lighthouses are becoming common,
and most are caused by human error. This Al system will
help eliminate that, stated the project team.Massive vessels have a lot of forward momentum that
their shipping distances are measured in miles rather than
metres. They also turn very slowly, meaning that any
collision has to factor in this slow movement while also
adjusting for sensor time lags, ocean current impacts and
several other factors.The Al system has been developed keeping all the above-mentioned factors in mind and is extremely accurate. The
research team also said that the system combines raw
radar imaging data with machine learning, enabling it to
identify moving objects even in bad weather with limited
visibility.The machine learning algorithm detects stationary objects
as well from a large distance. The system uses
computational fluid dynamics models and machine
learning, which have been previously trained on vessel
motions, the team added. The system does all of this
while complying with International Regulations for
Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS).(From: <https://www.marineinsight.com/.../new-ai-systemcould.../>) Mark the option that completes the text correctly.
By the time the tugboat finally _____________, the other vessel ____________ for two hours. The Captain later _____________ that if the engine had failed earlier, the grounding _____________ . Alternativa A: had arrived / held / explains / was avoided Ou Alternativa B: arrived / held / explains / would be avoided Ou Alternativa C: had arrived / had held / explained / had
avoided Ou Alternativa D: arrived / had been holding /had explained / would
have avoided Ou Alternativa E: arrived / had been holding / explained / would have
been avoided

Qconcursos · Accepted Answer

Alternativa [E] arrived / had been holding / explained / would have
been avoided Gabarito: EFundamento decisivo: Na oração “if the engine had failed earlier”, a lacuna final trata do resultado hipotético passado para “the grounding”. A forma exigida é passiva, e somente E atende a esse critério.Tema central: Tempos verbais e voz passivaAnálise das alternativasAErrada“Was avoided” apresenta o resultado como fato passado, não como consequência contrafactual passada. Além disso, “held” não marca adequadamente a atividade durativa anterior à chegada pretendida no trecho.BErrada“Would be avoided” está na voz passiva, mas não situa o resultado contrafactual como concluído no passado; neste contexto, é necessário “would have been avoided”. “Held” também não marca a duração da atividade anterior à chegada.CErrada“Had avoided” está na voz ativa, atribuindo ao encalhe o papel de agente de evitar. Também não constrói o resultado modal contrafactual passado, que exige aqui “would have been avoided”.DErrada“Would have avoided” expressa resultado contrafactual passado, mas está na voz ativa: falta “been” para apresentar o encalhe como evento que teria sido evitado. Além disso, “had explained” introduz uma anterioridade sem marco posterior explícito que a justifique no trecho.ECertaA alternativa E organiza corretamente a sequência temporal: “arrived” estabelece a chegada como marco passado; “had been holding” apresenta a atividade em curso durante as duas horas anteriores a esse marco; e “explained” situa a explicação posterior do capitão na narrativa passada. Na última lacuna, “would have been + particípio” combina o resultado hipotético passado com a voz passiva, pois o encalhe teria sido evitado, e não praticado a ação de evitar.Pegadinha da questãoConfundir “would have avoided” com “would have been avoided”: a primeira forma é ativa; a segunda, passiva. Já “would be avoided” é passiva, mas não expressa o resultado contrafactual passado exigido neste contexto.Dica para questões semelhantesNa oração de resultado, confira tanto a referência temporal da hipótese quanto o papel do sujeito: aqui, o encalhe recebe a ação de evitar.Relacione a duração ao marco temporal: “for two hours”, associado à chegada passada, sustenta a atividade anterior em curso expressa por “had been holding”.Diferencie sequência narrativa de anterioridade: “later explained” relata um acontecimento posterior; usar “had explained” exigiria um marco passado posterior que justificasse essa relação.

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