Questões Militares
Sobre verbos modais | modal verbs em inglês
Foram encontradas 92 questões
DANCING EFFECTS ON THE HUMAN BODY
(Adapted from www.everydayhealth.com and www.livestrong.com)
Glossary:
health - “saúde"
ballroom dancing - “dança de salão"
to lose weight - “perder peso"
to improve - “melhorar"
calories burned – “calorias queimadas"
The Right to a “Custody Hearing” under International Law
by Maria Laura Canineu
February 3, 2014
A person who is arrested has a right to be brought promptly before a judge. This is a longstanding and fundamental principle of international law, crucial for ensuring that the person’s arrest, treatment, and any ongoing detention are lawful.
Yet, until now, Brazil has not respected this right. Detainees often go months before seeing a judge. For instance, in São Paulo state, which houses 37 percent of Brazil’s total prison population, most detainees are not brought before a judge for at least three months. The risk of ill-treatment is often highest during the initial stages of detention, when police are questioning a suspect. The delay makes detainees more vulnerable to torture and other serious forms of mistreatment by abusive police officers.
In 2012, the UN Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment reported that it had received “repeated and consistent accounts of torture and ill-treatment” in São Paulo and other Brazilian states, “committed by, in particular, the military and civil police.” The torture had allegedly occurred in police custody or at the moment of arrest, on the street, inside private homes, or in hidden outdoor areas, and was described as “gratuitous violence, as a form of punishment, to extract confessions, and as a means of extortion.”
In addition to violating the rights of detainees, these abusive practices make it more difficult for the police to establish the kind of public trust that is often crucial for effective crime control. These practices undermine legitimate efforts to promote public security and curb violent crime, and thus have a negative impact on Brazilian society as a whole.
The right to be brought before a judge without unnecessary delay is enshrined in treaties long ago ratified by Brazil, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the American Convention on Human Rights. The United Nations Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for interpreting the ICCPR, has determined that the delay between the arrest of an accused and the time before he is brought before a judicial authority “should not exceed a few days,” even during states of emergency.
Other countries in Latin America have incorporated this right into their domestic law. For instance, in Argentina, the federal Criminal Procedure Code requires that in cases of arrest without a judicial order, the detainee must be brought to a competent judicial authority within six hours.
In contrast, Brazil’s criminal procedure code requires that when an adult is arrested in flagrante and held in police custody, only the police files of the case need to be presented to the judge within 24 hours, not the actual detainee. Judges evaluate the legality of the arrest and make the decision about whether to order continued detention or other precautionary measures based solely on the written documents provided by the police.
The code establishes a maximum of 60 days for the first judicial hearing with the detainee, but does not explicitly say when this period begins. In practice, this often means that police in Brazil can keep people detained, with formal judicial authorization, for several months, without giving the detainee a chance to actually see a judge.
According to the code, the only circumstance in which police need to bring a person before the judge immediately applies to cases of crimes not subject to bail in which arresting officer was not able to exhibit the arrest order to the person arrested at the time of arrest. Otherwise, the detainee may also not see a judge for several months.
(www.hrw.org. Editado e adaptado)
Para a questão, escolha a alternativa que complete a sentença corretamente:
Don’t be ridiculous! That man _______________ possibly be Barrack Obama!
Choose the correct alternative.
This is not installed correctly. They____________ my instructions.
Which is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?
"Lego releases a Star Wars themed animation in tribute to Father's Day in the UK, 16 June, Lego depict how Darth Vader and Luke Skywalker (1) ____ spend Father's Day, assuming they have buried their long-running feud - a trip to the theme park perhaps? Maybe a father-son fishing outing or just a good old game of catch?"
(Adapted from http://www.guardian.co.uk)
Angry Birds
Angry Birds are fat and round. Angry Birds cannot fly. But Angry Birds are superstars. Millions of people around the world are addicted to them. It’s the number one game for smartphones.
(Adapted from Speak Up # 295)
GLOSSARY
addicted to – viciado em
Texto 2
Brazil to replace oil rigs with ‘underwater cities’
Traditional oil rigs will be replaced with “underwater
cities” within a decade under ambitious plans being drawn
up by Petrobras, Brazil’s state-owned energy group.
A Petrobras oil platform at Guabanara bay in Rio de Janeiro.
Petrobras plans to turn science fiction into reality to
extract oil from the vast pre-salt oil fields discovered off
the south east coast of Brazil.
The plan is to construct ‘cities’ more than 2,000 metres
under water, containing machines, giant pieces of
equipment and robots that could inspect the systems
being used to extract millions of barrels of oil. Many
operations would be fully automated while others would
be controlled by humans at a distance.
Petrobras already owns virtual reality laboratories where
engineers can inspect 3D images of oil fields. But now
they want to take a further technological leap by installing
floating rig equipment on the sea bed.
The machinery under the sea would be capable of
separating oil, gas, water and sand, compressing
substances and generating enough energy to keep the
operation functioning.
energy/oilandgas/8228548/Brazil-to-replace-
oil-rigs-with-underwater-cities.html)
TEXT II
Why Join the Navy?
The Navy experience can shape your future through outstanding financial benefits, unparalleled career potential, and the lifestyle of freedom and personal growth that you’ve been waiting for.
(from http://www.navy.com/navy/)
“The chocolate analysis must start with the visual aspect. A bar, for instance, has to be uniform, quite flat and bright. A whitish aspect is not a good sign, that means it remained on the shelf and melted,” explains the confectioner.
(Taken from TAM magazine # 38)
GLOSSARY
whitish – esbranquiçado
melted – derretido
The modal verb “must”, in the paragraph, expresses
How to Become a Stunt Double
A stunt double stands in for the actor when the action or fight scene gets dangerous or goes beyond the capabilities of the actor. To become a stunt double, you must be in excellent physical condition and have special skills.
1. Exercise regularly if you want to become a stunt double. Eat nutritiously for optimal health and strength.
2. Take lots of lessons because the more skills you have, the better. Gymnastics is extremely important in becoming a stunt double. Get good at trampoline, skateboarding, swimming and high board diving. Take scuba diving lessons. Practice rock climbing and horseback riding. Learn to water ski and snow ski.
3. Enroll in martial arts classes, especially judo. Judo is excellent for learning how to break falls.
4. Get training in CPR(1) and First Aid. This training looks good on a résumé, especially for stunt double careers. Injuries happen.
5. Have valid driver's licenses for both car and motorcycle. Take advanced driving classes so you'll be qualified for difficult driving scenes.
6. Move to Hollywood and plan to work your way up from the bottom. You must get into the Screen Actors Guild(2) and have a union card(3) .
Taken from Google
(1) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
(2) Annual prize promoted by the American Syndicate of Actors.
(3) A card certifying membership in an organization.
After reading the first item of the instructions, mark the option that completes the gap in the converted sentence below.
“If you want to become a stunt double you ________ exercise regularly.”
EXTRACT 1
Japan’s shipyards remain intact after quake
Japan’s major shipyards escaped the full impact of the March 11 earthquake and tsunami that struck the northeastern coast of the country with full force. An official at the Japan Ship Exporters’ Association said the devastating natural disaster “will have no impact on future export ship orders at all”. Although several small shipyards in the quake-hit areas were affected, major Japanese shipyards that build large vessels for exports are concentrated in western Japan and remain intact, the official said. Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding sustained “slight material damages” in the company’s Kasai Center and Chiba Works but did not consider such slight damages would cause serious impact on operations. “The rotational schedule of interruption of power supply due to the earthquake may affect our operation at our works and subsidiaries. However, the degree of the impact is not known now,” the company said in a statement. Japanese export ship orders rose for the 15th consecutive month in February o a year-on-year basis. Japanese shipbuilders received orders for 277 export vessels – 259 bulk carriers, 10 oil tankers and eight general cargo vessels – in the April-February period.
(Adapted from: www.australianmerchantnavy.com, March 2011)
EXTRACT 2
Tsnunami Debris Expected on U.S. Shores in 3 Years
The powerful tsunami triggered by the 9.0 Japanese earthquake destroyed coastal towns near Sendai, washing such things as houses and cars into the ocean. Projections of where this debris might head have been made at the international Pacific Research Center, university of Hawaii at Manoa. What their model predicts about the tsunami debris is that they first spread out eastward from the Japan Coast in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. In a year, the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument will see pieces washing up on its shores; in two years, the remaining Hawaiian islands will see some effects; in three years, the plume will reach the US West Coast, dumping debris on Californian beaches and the beaches of British Columbia, Alaska, and Baja California. The debris will then drift into the famous floating junk yard, the North Pacific Garbage Patch, where it will wander around and break into smaller and smaller pieces. In five years, Hawaii shores can expect to see another barrage of debris that is stronger and longer-lasting than the first one. Much of the debris leaving the North Pacific Garbage Patch ends up on Hawaii’s reefs and beaches. These model projections will help to guide clean-up and tracking operations.
(Adapted from: www.geog.ucsb.edu, April 2011)
Match the following sentences with the meaning expressed by the modal verb in each of them.
1. Rooms must be vacated by noon.
2. May I take a look at your newspaper?
3. John might have borrowed his partner’s computer.
4. If you are going to the forest, you ought to buy some mosquito repellent.
5. You must be joking!
The children ______________ play outside today because of the rain. As a result, they _________________ stay home and watch TV. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, they _________________ be able to ride their bikes in the street.
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