The subject of the sentence “This process enhances emotional...
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READ TEXT I AND ANSWER QUESTION.
TEXT I
Medicine and literature through time
Modern medical education increasingly recognizes the value of
humanities studies. Literature, philosophy, and social sciences
enable students to understand the human dimension of
medicine, develop empathy, and address complex ethical issues.
Many medical schools now incorporate humanities courses into
their curricula, providing students with opportunities for
reflection, creativity, and emotional growth. Humanities courses
do not replace basic medical education but complement it,
enhancing professional integration and the ability to provide
humanistic care.
The history of the relationship between medicine and literature
demonstrates that many doctors have used writing as a means of
understanding and communicating their experience. Anton
Chekhov, for example, through his short stories presented the
daily lives of patients and the moral pressure experienced by the
doctor. Richard Selzer, with his works, highlighted the human side
of medical practice, writing poems, essays and stories that
express the sensitivity and reflection of a health professional.
Michael Crichton, who began his career as a physician, admitted
that writing fiction was a way of processing the intense
experiences he faced in his daily practice. These experiences,
such as managing patients who refused treatment, significantly
influenced his professional career and led him to reflect on the
ethical dimension of medicine.
[…]
Literature also provides doctors with an opportunity to reflect on
their own professional experiences. Through writing, they can
express the emotions evoked by the difficulties of daily practice,
such as managing illness and pain, ethical challenges, and facing
death. This process enhances emotional resilience, selfawareness, and professional maturity. Language, whether
through poetry or narrative, makes the doctor more sensitive to
the needs of patients, helping him or her to recognize their
values, priorities, and concerns. The human dimension of
medicine is not only about compassion; it also includes
understanding the personal and social dimensions of illness and
treatment.
Empathy and humanity are fundamental values for modern
medical practice. Through literature, students and healthcare
professionals can experience emotions and situations that would
otherwise remain abstract. Reading patient or physician stories
helps develop the ability to understand the emotions and
perceptions of others, which is essential for effective and ethical
clinical practice.
Adapted from: Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews, 2025, 15(01),
138-144 Accessed:
https://msarr.magnascientiapub.com/sites/default/files/fulltext_pdf/MSARR2025-0
The subject of the sentence “This process enhances emotional
resilience” (5th paragraph) refers to