Match the words in column 1 to their definitions in column ...

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Opportunity Cost


This phenomenon goes by the name of ‘opportunity cost,’ since by not investing in more equipment and a more rigid production flow, the company is forgoing the opportunity to earn increased profits. These costs are every bite as real as the payment of dollars out-of-pocket.


This notion _______ opportunity cost can be reinforced _________ a famous saying ______ Benjamin Franklin, no slouch himself _________ operations management. To make the point, however, we must make a brief excursion into logic. One truth of logic is the validity of the so-called contrapositive, which says simply that if the statement “If A, then B” is true, then it is also true that “If not B, then not A.” That is, of every time A occurs B follows, then we can be sure that if B does not occur, then A did not occur as well. Enough logic then, and back to Ben Franklin.


One of his Poor Richard sayings is that “A penny saved is a penny earned.” We have all recognized the truth of that since childhood, but I assert that by this saying Ben showed us he knows everything about opportunity cost. After all, what is the contrapositive of “A penny not earned is a penny not saved (i.e., a penny sent). All we are saying by this notion of opportunity cost is that “a penny not earned (an opportunity forgone) is a penny spent.” We shall often have occasion to consider opportunity costs, in analyzing and deciding various operations issues.


SCHMENNER, Roger W. Production/Operations Management. 5th Edition. Prentice-Hall, 1993.

Match the words in column 1 to their definitions in column 2:


Column 1 Words

1. profits

2. slouch

3. issue(s)

4. flow

5. validity


Column 2 Definitions

( ) the continuous production or supply of something.

( ) the state of being legally or officially acceptable.

( ) the money you make in business or by selling things.

( ) to stand, sit or move in a lazy way, often with your shoulders and head bent forward.

( ) important topics that people are discussing or arguing about.


Choose the alternative that presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.

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