Questões de Vestibular FUVEST 2016 para Vestibular - Primeira Fase

 Considere as imagens e o texto, para responder à questão.

 II / São Francisco de Assis     

 Senhor, não mereço isto.           

  Não creio em vós para vos amar.

Trouxestesme a São Francisco  

e me fazeis vosso escravo.        

 Não entrarei, senhor, no templo,  

seu frontispício me basta.            

Vossas flores e querubins           

são matéria de muito amar.         

Dai-me, senhor, a só beleza         

destes ornatos. E não a alma.      

Pressente-se dor de homem,        

 paralela à das cinco chagas.          

 Mas entro e, senhor, me perco        

na rósea nave triunfal.                    

Por que tanto baixar o céu?            

 por que esta nova cilada?                

Senhor, os púlpitos mudos              

entretanto me sorriem.                   

Mais que vossa igreja, esta            

sabe a voz de me embalar.             

Perdão, senhor, por não amar-vos.

Carlos Drummond de Andrad

*O texto faz parte do conjunto de poemas “Estampas de Vila Rica”, que integra a edição crítica de Claro enigma. São Paulo: Cosac Naify, 2012

     Plants not only remember when you touch them, but they can also make risky decisions that are as sophisticated as those made by humans, all without brains or complex nervous systems.

    Researchers showed that when faced with the choice between a pot containing constant levels of nutrients or one with unpredictable levels, a plant will pick the mystery pot when conditions are sufficiently poor.

    In a set of experiments, Dr. Shemesh, from TelHai College in Israel, and Alex Kacelnik, from Oxford University, grew pea plants and split their roots between two pots. Both pots had the same amount of nutrients on average, but in one, the levels were constant; in the other, they varied over time. Then the researchers switched the conditions so that the average nutrients in both pots would be equally high or low, and asked: Which pot would a plant prefer?

    When nutrient levels were low, the plants laid more roots in the unpredictable pot. But when nutrients were abundant, they chose the one that always had the same amount.

The New York Times, June 30, 2016. Adaptado.

     A study carried out by Lauren Sherman of the University of California and her colleagues investigated how use of the “like” button in social media affects the brains of teenagers lying in body scanners.

    Thirty-two teens who had Instagram accounts were asked to lie down in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. This let Dr. Sherman monitor their brain activity while they were perusing both their own Instagram photos and photos that they were told had been added by other teenagers in the experiment. In reality, Dr. Sherman had collected all the other photos, which included neutral images of food and friends as well as many depicting risky behaviours like drinking, smoking and drug use, from other peoples’ Instagram accounts. The researchers told participants they were viewing photographs that 50 other teenagers had already seen and endorsed with a “like” in the laboratory.

     The participants were more likely themselves to “like” photos already depicted as having been “liked” a lot than they were photos depicted with fewer previous “likes”. When she looked at the fMRI results, Dr. Sherman found that activity in the nucleus accumbens, a hub of reward circuitry in the brain, increased with the number of “likes” that a photo had.

The Economist, June 13, 2016. Adaptado.