Questões de Vestibular
Comentadas sobre tradução | translation em inglês
Foram encontradas 76 questões

Entre as inadequações no uso do inglês observadas nas
figuras 1 e 2, podemos citar:
When does the brain work best?
The peak times and ages for learning

What’s your ideal time of the day for brain performance? Surprisingly, the answer to this isn’t as simple as being a morning or a night person. New research has shown that certain times of the day are best for completing specific tasks, and listening to your body’s natural clock may help you to accomplish more in 24 hours.
Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired.
As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s.
Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken.
(Dana Dovey. www.medicaldaily.com, 08.08.2016. Adaptado.)
When does the brain work best?
The peak times and ages for learning

What’s your ideal time of the day for brain performance? Surprisingly, the answer to this isn’t as simple as being a morning or a night person. New research has shown that certain times of the day are best for completing specific tasks, and listening to your body’s natural clock may help you to accomplish more in 24 hours.
Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired.
As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s.
Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken.
(Dana Dovey. www.medicaldaily.com, 08.08.2016. Adaptado.)
“One never builds something finished”:
the brilliance of architect Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Oliver Wainwright
February 4, 2017
“All space is public,” says Paulo Mendes da Rocha. “The only private space that you can imagine is in the human mind.” It is an optimistic statement from the 88-year-old Brazilian architect, given he is a resident of São Paulo, a city where the triumph of the private realm over the public could not be more stark. The sprawling megalopolis is a place of such marked inequality that its superrich hop between their rooftop helipads because they are too scared of street crime to come down from the clouds.
But for Mendes da Rocha, who received the 2017 gold medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects this week – an accolade previously bestowed on such luminaries as Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright – the ground is everything. He has spent his 60-year career lifting his massive concrete buildings up, in gravity-defying balancing acts, or else burying them below ground in an attempt to liberate the Earth’s surface as a continuous democratic public realm. “The city has to be for everybody,” he says, “not just for the very few.”
(www.theguardian.com. Adaptado.)

It is essential to promote social inclusion by providing spaces for people of all socio-economic backgrounds to use and enjoy. Quality public spaces such as libraries and parks can supplement housing as study and recreational spaces for the urban poor.
There is a need to ensure that there is an equitable distribution of public spaces within cities. Through the provision of quality public spaces in cities can reduce the economic and social segregation that is prevalent in many developed and developing cities. By ensuring the distribution, coverage and quality of public spaces, it is possible to directly influence the dynamics of urban density, to combine uses and to promote the social mixture of cities’ inhabitants.
Rights and duties of all the public space stakeholders should be clearly defined. Public spaces are public assets as a public space is by definition a place where all citizens are legitimate to be and discrimination should be tackled there. Public space has the capacity to gather people and break down social barriers. Protecting the inclusiveness of public space is a key prerequisite for the right to the city and an important asset to foster tolerance, conviviality and dialogue.
Public spaces in slums are only used to enable people to move. There is a lack of public space both in quantity and quality, leading to high residential density, high crime rates, lack of public facilities such as toilets or water, difficulties to practice outdoor sports and other recreational activities among others.
(www.learning.uclg.org)
Nelson Mandela Disponível em:<www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/n/nelson_mandela.htm>. Acesso em: 24 ago. 2016
Nelson Mandela foi um líder rebelde, presidente da África do Sul de 1994 a 1999 e agraciado com o prêmio Nobel da paz em 1993. Nesse trecho, Mandela diz que nenhum de nós pode verdadeiramente descansar enquanto persistirem:
Disponível em: <http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/281078-don-t-be-in-a-hurry-to-condemn-becausehe-doesn-t>. Acesso em: 12 set. 2016
Citações são passagens curtas retiradas de textos orais ou escritos. Nessa citação, Malcolm X aconselha a:
O texto a seguir se refere a questão.
What's wrong with buying fake luxury goods?
By Bethan Bell, BBC News, 15 July 2016
Every time a new haul of fake designer goods is seized we're told that the people who buy them are ruining the reputation of brands, stealing revenue from companies, contributing to an unethical labour market and subsidising organised crime. But is this really the case?
A BBC investigation has found over the past two years, thousands of fake goods were seized from black markets across England.
But is there any harm in nabbing a pair of "Louboutins" from a market, or a "Chanel" handbag from a chap selling them on a foreign beach? To the average punter it might sound a bit far-fetched that their cash goes straight to a drugs cartel or gun-runners.
We're not talking about alcohol, tobacco or medications - buying such items clearly poses a health risk. The same can be said for toys which aren't up to safety standards, and sunglasses which don't have the recommended UV protection. Nor are we talking about people who genuinely believe the goods they buy are the real thing.
We're talking about those who are happy to get knock-off designer items for knock-down prices. The people who are well aware there may be issues about quality and copyright - but don't actually mind.
After all, are the people who buy fakes for a tenner really depriving the companies that sell goods for hundreds or even thousands of pounds? A woman who makes an impulse buy in a market almost certainly wouldn't otherwise invest in the real deal, while the wealthy buyers of the genuine brand pride themselves on knowing the difference and having the official article.
Fonte: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-36782724
Question: Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?
Karen Weintraub
June 17, 2016

Many people think they can teach themselves to need less sleep, but they’re wrong, said Dr. Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep, but we’re deluding ourselves, Dr. Veasey said, largely because lack of sleep skews our self-awareness. “The more you deprive yourself of sleep over long periods of time, the less accurate you are of judging your own sleep perception,” she said.
Multiple studies have shown that people don’t functionally adapt to less sleep than their bodies need. There is a range of normal sleep times, with most healthy adults naturally needing seven to nine hours of sleep per night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours, and school-age children nine to 11 hours. People’s performance continues to be poor while they are sleep deprived, Dr. Veasey said.
Health issues like pain, sleep apnea or autoimmune disease can increase people’s need for sleep, said Andrea Meredith, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A misalignment of the clock that governs our sleep-wake cycle can also drive up the need for sleep, Dr. Meredith said. The brain’s clock can get misaligned by being stimulated at the wrong time of day, she said, such as from caffeine in the afternoon or evening, digital screen use too close to bedtime, or even exercise at a time of day when the body wants to be winding down.
(http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
TEXTO 6
Arandir — Posso ir?
Comissário Barros — Pode.
Arandir (recuando, com sofrida humildade) — Então, boa tarde, boa tarde.
Cunha — Um minutinho.
Arandir (incerto) — Comigo?
Cunha — Um momento.
Barros — Já prestou declarações.
Cunha (entre divertido e ameaçador) — Sei. Agora vai conversar comigo.
Aruba (baixo e veemente para Arandir) — O delegado.
Amado — Senta.
Arandir (sentindo a pressão de novo ambiente) — Mas é que eu estou com um pouquinho de pressa. (Arandir começa a ter medo. Ele próprio não sabe de quê.)
Cunha (com o riso ofegante) — Rapaz, a polícia não tem pressa.
Amado — Mas senta. (Arandir olha em torno, como um bicho apavorado. Senta-se, finalmente.)
Arandir (sem ter de quê) — Obrigado.
Barros (baixo e reverente, para o delegado) — Ele é apenas testemunha.
Cunha — Não te mete.
(Arandir ergue-se, sôfrego.)
Arandir — Posso telefonar?
Cunha — Mais tarde.
(Amado cutuca o fotógrafo.)
Amado — Bate agora! (flash estoura. Arandir toma um choque.)
Arandir — Retrato?
Amado — Nervoso, rapaz?
(Arandir senta-se, une os joelhos.)
Arandir — Absolutamente!
Cunha (lançando a pergunta como uma chicotada)
— Você é casado, rapaz?
Arandir — Não ouvi.
Cunha (num berro) — Tira a cera dos ouvidos!
Amado (inclinando-se para o rapaz) — Casado ou solteiro?
Arandir — Casado.
Cunha — Casado. Muito bem. (vira-se para Amado, com segunda intenção) O homem é casado. (para o Comissário Barros) Casado.
Barros — Eu sabia.
Arandir (com sofrida humildade) — O senhor deixa dar um telefonema rápido para minha mulher?
Cunha (rápido e incisivo) — Gosta de sua mulher, rapaz?
(Arandir, por um momento, acompanha o movimento do fotógrafo que se prepara para bater uma nova fotografia.)
Arandir — Naturalmente!
Cunha (com agressividade policial) — E não usa nada no dedo, por quê?
Arandir (atarantado) — Um dia, no banheiro, caiu. Caiu a aliança. No ralo do banheiro.
Amado — O que é que você estava fazendo na praça da Bandeira?
Arandir — Bem. Fui lá e...
Cunha (num berro) — Não gagueja, rapaz!
Arandir (falando rápido) — Fui levar uma joia.
Cunha (alto) — Joia!
Arandir — Joia. Aliás, empenhar uma joia na Caixa Econômica. (Amado e Cunha cruzam as perguntas para confundir e levar Arandir ao desespero.)
Amado — Casado há quanto tempo?
Arandir — Eu?
Cunha — Gosta de mulher, rapaz?
ARANDIR (desesperado) — Quase um ano!
Cunha (mais forte) — Gosta de mulher?
Arandir (quase chorando) — Casado há um ano. (Cunha muda de voz, sem transição. Põe a mão no joelho do rapaz.)
Cunha (caricioso e ignóbil) — Escuta. O que significa para ti. Sim, o que significa para “você” uma mulher!?
Arandir (lento e olhando em torno) — Mas eu estou preso?
Cunha (sem ouvi-lo e sempre melífluo) — Rapaz, escuta! Uma hipótese. Se aparecesse, aqui, agora, uma mulher, uma “boa”. Nua. Completamente nua. Qual seria. É uma curiosidade. Seria a tua reação? (Arandir olha, ora o Cunha, ora o Amado. Silêncio.)
(RODRIGUES, Nelson. O beijo no asfalto. Rio de Janeiro:
Nova Fronteira, 1995. p. 23-27.)
In English there are different ways to say “Completamente nua” (Text 6). Read the sentences below and choose the one or ones which has or have the same idea:
I - Someone is completely naked.
II - Someone has nothing on.
III - Someone doesn’t have anything on.
IV - Someone ran through the yard with nothing on.
The correct choice is:
TEXTO 3
Escalada para o inferno
Iniciava-se ali, meu estágio no inferno. A ardida solidão corroía cada passo que eu dava. Via crucis vivida aos seis anos de idade, ao sol das duas horas. Vermelhidão por todos os lados daquela rua íngreme e poeirenta. Meus olhos pediam socorro mas só encontravam uma infinitude de terra e desolação. Tentava acompanhar os passos de meu pai. E eles eram enormes. Não só os passos mas as pernas. Meus olhos olhavam duplamente: para os passos e para as pernas e não alcançavam nem um nem outro. Apenas se defrontavam com um vazio empoeirado que entrava no meu ser inteiro. Eu queria chorar mas tinha medo. Tropeçava a cada tentativa de correr para alcançar meu pai. E eu tinha medo de ter medo. E eu tinha medo de chorar. E era um sofrimento com todos os vórtices de agonia. À minha frente, até onde meus olhos conseguiram enxergar, estavam os pés e as pernas de meu pai que iam firmes subindo subindo subindo sem cessar. À minha volta eu podia ver e sentir a terra vermelha e minha vida envolta num turbilhão de desespero. Na verdade eu não sabia muito bem para onde estava indo. Eu era bestializado nos meus próprios passos. Nas minhas próprias pernas. Tinha a impressão que o ponto de chegada era aquele redemoinho em que me encontrava e que dele nunca mais sairia. Na ânsia de ir sem querer ir eu gaguejava no caminhar. E olhava com sofreguidão para os meus pés e via ainda com mais aflição que os bicos de meus sapatos novos estavam sujos daquela poeira impregnante, vasculhante, suja. Eu sempre gostei de sapatos. Eu sempre gostei de sapatos novos. Novos e luzidios. E eles estavam sujos. Cobertos de poeira. E a subida prosseguia inalterada. Tentava olhar para o alto e só conseguia ver os enormes joelhos de meu pai que dobravam num ritmo compassado. Via suas pernas e seus pés. E só. Sentia, lá no fundo, um desejo calado de dizer alguma coisa. De dizer-lhe que parasse. Que fosse mais devagar. Que me amparasse. Mas esse desejo era um calo na minha pequenina garganta que jamais seria curado. E eu prossegui ao extremo de meus limites. Tinha de acontecer: desamarrou o cadarço de meu sapato. A loucura do sol das duas horas parece ter se engraçado pelo meu desatino. Tudo ficou muito mais quente. Tudo ficou mais empoeirado e muito mais vermelho. O desatino me levou ao choro. Não sei se chorei ou se choraminguei. Só sei que dei índices de que eu precisava de meu pai. E ele atendeu. Voltou-se para mim e viu que estava pisando no cadarço. Que estava prestes a cair. Então me socorreu. Olhou-me nos olhos com a expressão casmurra. Levou suas enormes mãos aos meus pés e amarrou o cadarço firmemente com um intrincado nó. A cena me levou a um estado de cegueira anestésica tão intensa que sofri uma espécie de amnésia passageira. Estado de torpor. Quando dei por mim, já tinha chegado ao meu destino: cadeira do barbeiro. Alta, prepotente e giratória. Ele, o barbeiro, cabeça enorme, mãos enormes, enormes unhas, sorriso nos lábios dos quais surgiam grandes caninos. Ele portava enorme máquina que apontava em minha direção. E ouvi a voz do pai: pode tirar quase tudo! deixa só um pouco em cima! Ali, finalmente, para lembrar Rimbaud, ia se encerrar meu estágio no inferno.
(GONÇALVES, Aguinaldo. Das estampas. São Paulo: Nankin, 2013. p. 45-46.)
Towards the end of his eventful life, Jean Monnet, a remarkable figure of the twentieth century, reasoned that, had he been able to start all over again, he would have begun with culture. A founding father of what was later to become the European Union, he expressed that belated belief in the pre-eminent role of culture as a part of greater civilization after he had tried for several decades to build a prosperous Europe in economic terms in the aftermath of a devastating war.
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
W.H.O. calls ‘vaccine hesitancy’ an increasing concern globally
Rick Gladstone
August 18, 2015
The World Health Organization warned Tuesday of what it called the growing problem of “vaccine hesitancy,” when people delay or refuse vaccines for themselves or their children. In a statement on its website, the organization called the problem “a growing challenge for countries seeking to close the immunization gap.” Globally, the organization said, one in five children still do not receive routine lifesaving immunizations, and 1.5 million children die each year of diseases that could have been thwarted by vaccines.
(www.nytimes.com)
TEXTO 7
Memórias de um pesquisador
Não era bem vida, era uma modorra – mas de qualquer modo suportável e até agradável. Terminou bruscamente, porém, eu estando com vinte e oito anos e um pequeno bujão de gás explodindo mesmo à minha frente, no laboratório de eletrônica em que trabalhava, como auxiliar. Me levaram às pressas para o hospital, os médicos duvidando que eu escapasse. Escapei, mas não sem danos. Perdi todos os dedos da mão esquerda e três (sobraram o polegar e o mínimo) da direita. Além disso fiquei com o rosto seriamente queimado. Eu já não era bonito antes, mas o resultado final – mesmo depois das operações plásticas – não era agradável de se olhar. Deus, não era nada agradável.
No entanto, nos primeiros meses após o acidente eu não via motivos para estar triste. Aposentei-me com um bom salário. Minha velha tia, com quem eu morava, desvelava-se em cuidados. Preparava os pastéis de que eu mais gostava, cortava-os em pedacinhos que introduzia em minha boca – derramando sentidas lágrimas cuja razão, francamente, eu não percebia. Deves chorar por meu pai – eu dizia – que está morto, por minha mãe que está morta, por meu irmão mais velho que está morto; mas choras por mim. Por quê? Escapei com vida de uma explosão que teria liquidado qualquer um; não preciso mais trabalhar; cuidas de mim com desvelo; de que devo me queixar?
Cedo descobri. Ao visitar certa modista.
Esta senhora, uma viúva recatada mas ardente, me recebia todos os sábados, dia em que os filhos estavam fora. Quando me senti suficientemente forte telefonei explicando minha prolongada ausência e marcamos um encontro.
Ao me ver ficou, como era de se esperar, consternada. Vais te acostumar, eu disse, e propus irmos para a cama. Me amava, e concordou. Logo me deparei com uma dificuldade: o coto (assim eu chamava o que tinha me sobrado da mão esquerda) e a pinça (os dois dedos restantes da direita) não me forneciam o necessário apoio. O coto, particularmente, tinha uma certa tendência a resvalar pelo corpo coberto de suor da pobre mulher. Seus olhos se arregalavam; quanto mais apavorada ficava, mais suava e mais o coto escorregava.
Sou engenhoso. Trabalhando com técnicos e cientistas aprendi muita coisa, de modo que logo resolvi o problema: com uma tesoura, fiz duas incisões no colchão. Ali ancorei coto e pinça. Pude assim amá-la, e bem.
– Não aguentava mais – confessei, depois. – Seis meses no seco!
Não me respondeu. Chorava. – Vais me perdoar, Armando – disse – eu gosto de ti, eu te amo, mas não suporto te ver assim. Peço-te, amor, que não me procures mais.
– E quem vai me atender daqui por diante? – perguntei, ultrajado.
Mas ela já estava chorando de novo. Levantei-me e saí. Não foi nessa ocasião, contudo, que fiquei deprimido. Foi mais tarde; exatamente uma semana depois.
[...]
(SCLIAR, Moacyr. Melhores contos. Seleção de
Regina Zilbermann. São Paulo: Global, 2003. p.
176-177.)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50 indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.
Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers said severe weather was impacting their business, “other comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in January, from December. Compared to the same month last year, construction spending was up 9.3%.
However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’ sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop. Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases of 11% and 16% respectively.
Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions improve, the discounts will reduce.
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50 indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.
Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers said severe weather was impacting their business, “other comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in January, from December. Compared to the same month last year, construction spending was up 9.3%.
However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’ sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop. Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases of 11% and 16% respectively.
Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions improve, the discounts will reduce.
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
World Cup 2014 kicks off with colourful ceremony.
Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/27779059> . Acesso em: 12 jun. 2014
June 26, 2014
By Amy Graff

Reading Go Dog Go to your 6 month old might seem like wasted time because she’s more likely to eat the book than help you turn the pages, but a statement released by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) this week says reading in the early years is essential. Reading out loud gets parents talking to their babies and the sound of an adult’s voice stimulates that tiny yet rapidly growing brain. In the statement, the academy advises pediatricians to tell parents to read books to their children from birth.
Reading regularly with young children stimulates optimal patterns of brain development and strengthens parent-child relationships at a critical time in child development, which, in turn, builds language, literacy, and social-emotional skills that last a lifetime. Research shows that a child’s brain develops faster between 0 and 3 than at any other time in life, making the early years a critical time for babies to hear rich oral language. The more words children hear directed at them by parents and caregivers, the more they learn.
While many babies are read Goodnight Moon and The Very Hungry Caterpillar every night before bed, others never get a chance to “pat the bunny.” Studies reveal that children from low-income, less-educated families have significantly fewer books than their more affluent peers. By age 4, children in poverty hear 30 million fewer words than those in higher-income households. These dramatic gaps result in significant learning disadvantages that persist into adulthood. The AAP hopes the new guidelines will encourage all parents to start reading from day one.
Research shows that when pediatricians talk with parents about reading, moms and dads are more likely to fill their home with books and read. Also, to help get more parents reading, the AAP is partnering with organizations such as Scholastic and Too Small to Fail to help get reading materials to new families who need books the most.
This is the first time the AAP has made a recommendation on children’s literary education and it seems the timing might be just right as more and more parents are leaning on screens and electronic gadget to occupy their babies. “The reality of today’s world is that we’re competing with portable digital media,” Dr. Alanna Levine, a pediatrician in Orangeburg, N.Y., told The New York Times. “So you really want to arm parents with tools and rationale behind it about why it’s important to stick to the basics of things like books.”
(http://blog.seattlepi.com. Adaptado.)