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OBESITY

Is it a disease or a lifestyle problem?
Obesity is a serious health problem in the United States and increasingly around the world. Costs and associated diseases continue to increase. Recent studies into the causes of obesity indicate that the problem is more complex, and may have less to do with “willpower” and other such issues, than previously thought. Many obesity experts hope this research will help physicians and others rethink the way they understand and treat the problem. Skeptics, however, continue to blame inactivity and overeating for obesity. While the World Health Organization (WHO) and others call for a reduction in sugar consumption to combat obesity, the food industry says it is being unfairly targeted.
 The planet’s population is getting fatter. Once a problem largely confined to high-income regions, overweight and obesity are on the rise in low- and middle-income countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has more than doubled worldwide since 1980. In 2014 more than 1.9 billion adults (39 percent of Earth’s adult population) were overweight. That includes 600 million who were obese.
Among children, overweight and obesity are increasing more than 30 percent faster in lower-and middle-income countries than in developed countries. In 2013, 42 million children under the age of 5 worldwide were overweight or obese.

Disponível em: http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/document.php?id=cqr_ht_o besity_2015. Acessado em 15 de outubro de 2015. 

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Treating Alzheimer’s Disease

Are scientists close to finding a cure?

The number of Americans suffering from Alzheimer's, a degenerative brain disease, is projected to more than double by 2050, from 5.3 million today to 13.8 million. At the same time, as Baby Boomers age and medical expenses rise, the cost of treating and caring for people with the disease is expected to rise fivefold to $1.1 trillion. No treatment can yet prevent or cure Alzheimer's. However, advances in brain science and diagnostic technologies are creating breakthroughs unimagined even a few years ago. Rapidly expanding knowledge in genetics, neuroscience, biology and computing is leading to clinical trials on potential new drug therapies, research on how to prevent the disease and new tests to help diagnose it — perhaps even before symptoms appear. Scientists are debating whether the main hypothesis of what causes the disease — a buildup of amyloid protein into plaques that kill nerve cells in the brain — is correct. Patient advocates say federal Alzheimer's research is underfunded, but Congress is clearing the way for more research funds.

Disponível em: <http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/static.php?page=docnotfound> Acessado em 15 de outubro de 2015.

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