Questões de Vestibular
Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 2.261 questões
Q1803275
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text to
answer question.
The article analyzes the relationship of Indigenous
Peoples with the public policy of Social Assistance (AS) in Brazil. Based on
data collected during field work carried out in 2014, will analyze the case of
the Indigenous Reserve of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. In the first part, I
characterize the unequal relationship between society and national state with
Indigenous Peoples to, then approach the Welfare State politics as an
opportunity to face the violation of rights resulting from the colonial siege. Then
we will see if Dourados to illustrate the dilemmas and possibilities of
autonomy and indigenous role faced with this public policy. It is expected to
contribute to the discussion of statehood pointing concrete cases where the
local implementation of AS policy is permeable to a greater or lesser extent,
the demands of Indigenous Peoples by adaptation to their social organizations
and worldviews.
(BORGES, Júlio César. Brazilian society has made us poor: Social Assistance and ethnic autonomy of Indiggenous Peoples. The case of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. Horiz. antropol. Disponível em: <http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0104-71832016000200303&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en>. Acesso em: 10 nov. 2018).
Read Text II to answer question.
Cleir Avila Ferreira Júnior was born in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. He is a self-taught artist. He has painted professionally since he was 18 years old. He has begun his artistic works with a hyperrealist influence, where he portrayed some regional and ecological themes, especially the Pantanal nature, presented in almost all his art.
In 1994, he started his mural work on the sides of some Campo Grande’s buildings, as example: the great "Onça Pintada" (50m high and 220m2) took him and his team a month of execution, and the "Tuiuiús" (40m high and 300m2) was his second mural. In 1995, he painted the "Blue Macaw" (45m high and 430m2). In 1996, he built the "Macaws’ Monument" in front of the international airport in Campo Grande, MS. In 1998, he painted a mural of 700m2 in Corumbá, MS, where he portrayed the red macaw in one of its walls and in the other two a big gold fish. Therefore, he did uncountable art around Mato Grosso do Sul State, mainly into the touristic cities.
(FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Cleir Avila. Disponível em: <http://www.artenossaterra.xpg.com.br/index.html>. Acesso em: 10 nov. 2018).
The genre of text that tells the story of someone's life is called biography (bio is life, and graphy is written). It is a mixture between journalism, literature and history, in which the history of a person's life is reported and recorded, emphasizing the main facts.
So, considering Text II, what kind of genre was it written on?
Cleir Avila Ferreira Júnior was born in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. He is a self-taught artist. He has painted professionally since he was 18 years old. He has begun his artistic works with a hyperrealist influence, where he portrayed some regional and ecological themes, especially the Pantanal nature, presented in almost all his art.
In 1994, he started his mural work on the sides of some Campo Grande’s buildings, as example: the great "Onça Pintada" (50m high and 220m2) took him and his team a month of execution, and the "Tuiuiús" (40m high and 300m2) was his second mural. In 1995, he painted the "Blue Macaw" (45m high and 430m2). In 1996, he built the "Macaws’ Monument" in front of the international airport in Campo Grande, MS. In 1998, he painted a mural of 700m2 in Corumbá, MS, where he portrayed the red macaw in one of its walls and in the other two a big gold fish. Therefore, he did uncountable art around Mato Grosso do Sul State, mainly into the touristic cities.
(FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Cleir Avila. Disponível em: <http://www.artenossaterra.xpg.com.br/index.html>. Acesso em: 10 nov. 2018).
The genre of text that tells the story of someone's life is called biography (bio is life, and graphy is written). It is a mixture between journalism, literature and history, in which the history of a person's life is reported and recorded, emphasizing the main facts.
So, considering Text II, what kind of genre was it written on?
Ano: 2018
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2018 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 2º Semestre de 2018 - Medicina |
Q1798996
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The challenge of doctor-patient relations in the internet age
“Let me do some research and I’ll get back to you,” my
patient said. My patient, a 19-year-old student, had already
taken time off from school because of her anxiety. I was her
psychiatrist, with over two decades of experience treating
university students, and had just explained my diagnostic
impressions based on a lengthy evaluation. I’d recommended
that she try a medicine I expected would help. I’d also laid out
the risks and benefits of other treatment options.
“Do you have additional questions I can answer?” I asked.
I wanted to let her know that’s why I was there, to cull the
research, to help make sense of it. “No, I like to go online and
look for myself,” she said.
More and more, I see students turning away from the
expertise that a live person can offer and instead turning to
the vast and somehow more objective-seeming “expertise” of
the digital world.
In an age when journalism we don’t like can be dismissed
as “fake news,” suggesting that the information we do like
is most credible, regardless of its source, it’s not hard to
understand why young people do this. The medical profession
itself, under managed care, has played a role as well, providing
less time for doctor-patient interactions and undermining the
chances that a personal relationship and trust can develop.
Under the guise of efficiency, medical test results are now
often released directly to patients, sometimes before or even
without the benefit of any interpretation.
But there’s danger in trusting data over people, as there
is in thinking the expertise of all people is equivalent. When
it comes to health, digital natives may not be learning how to
navigate effectively. And the consequences could be harmful.
The availability of health data on the internet has its
benefits. Online, for example, we can find explanations and
solutions for symptoms we might be too embarrassed, or
afraid, to discuss with another person, in person. Or, for lifethreatening diseases, we can locate clinical trials our doctors
may not be aware of.
However, there’s also a lot of misleading information, and
information that’s simply untrue. The internet is full of people
selling things – supplements, treatment regimens that have
not been rigorously tested, even prescription medications –
and making false promises that have not been scrutinized
by regulatory agencies. Sometimes, as in the case of some
websites that promote “an anorexic diet” for “aggressive”
weight loss, the information can encourage life-threatening
behavior.
Years ago, when we discussed paternalism versus patient
autonomy in my medical school ethics class, I came down
strongly in favor of autonomy. Who but the patient could best
decide what was right for him or her? But years of clinical –
and personal – experience have taught me that information
in and of itself is insufficient. Judgment is also indispensable,
especially in complex situations, and the capacity for good
judgment rests within people, not data sets.
(Doris Iarovici is a psychiatrist at Harvard University’s Counseling and
Mental Health Services and the author of Mental Health Issues and the
University Student. www.nytimes.com, 01.03.2018. Adaptado.)
Assinale a alternativa cujo trecho evidencia a posição atual
da autora sobre o desafio apresentado no título.
Ano: 2018
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2018 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 2º Semestre de 2018 - Medicina |
Q1798994
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The challenge of doctor-patient relations in the internet age
“Let me do some research and I’ll get back to you,” my
patient said. My patient, a 19-year-old student, had already
taken time off from school because of her anxiety. I was her
psychiatrist, with over two decades of experience treating
university students, and had just explained my diagnostic
impressions based on a lengthy evaluation. I’d recommended
that she try a medicine I expected would help. I’d also laid out
the risks and benefits of other treatment options.
“Do you have additional questions I can answer?” I asked.
I wanted to let her know that’s why I was there, to cull the
research, to help make sense of it. “No, I like to go online and
look for myself,” she said.
More and more, I see students turning away from the
expertise that a live person can offer and instead turning to
the vast and somehow more objective-seeming “expertise” of
the digital world.
In an age when journalism we don’t like can be dismissed
as “fake news,” suggesting that the information we do like
is most credible, regardless of its source, it’s not hard to
understand why young people do this. The medical profession
itself, under managed care, has played a role as well, providing
less time for doctor-patient interactions and undermining the
chances that a personal relationship and trust can develop.
Under the guise of efficiency, medical test results are now
often released directly to patients, sometimes before or even
without the benefit of any interpretation.
But there’s danger in trusting data over people, as there
is in thinking the expertise of all people is equivalent. When
it comes to health, digital natives may not be learning how to
navigate effectively. And the consequences could be harmful.
The availability of health data on the internet has its
benefits. Online, for example, we can find explanations and
solutions for symptoms we might be too embarrassed, or
afraid, to discuss with another person, in person. Or, for lifethreatening diseases, we can locate clinical trials our doctors
may not be aware of.
However, there’s also a lot of misleading information, and
information that’s simply untrue. The internet is full of people
selling things – supplements, treatment regimens that have
not been rigorously tested, even prescription medications –
and making false promises that have not been scrutinized
by regulatory agencies. Sometimes, as in the case of some
websites that promote “an anorexic diet” for “aggressive”
weight loss, the information can encourage life-threatening
behavior.
Years ago, when we discussed paternalism versus patient
autonomy in my medical school ethics class, I came down
strongly in favor of autonomy. Who but the patient could best
decide what was right for him or her? But years of clinical –
and personal – experience have taught me that information
in and of itself is insufficient. Judgment is also indispensable,
especially in complex situations, and the capacity for good
judgment rests within people, not data sets.
(Doris Iarovici is a psychiatrist at Harvard University’s Counseling and
Mental Health Services and the author of Mental Health Issues and the
University Student. www.nytimes.com, 01.03.2018. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o quinto e o sexto parágrafos, um dos benefícios dos dados médicos disponíveis na internet é
Ano: 2018
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2018 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 2º Semestre de 2018 - Medicina |
Q1798992
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The challenge of doctor-patient relations in the internet age
“Let me do some research and I’ll get back to you,” my
patient said. My patient, a 19-year-old student, had already
taken time off from school because of her anxiety. I was her
psychiatrist, with over two decades of experience treating
university students, and had just explained my diagnostic
impressions based on a lengthy evaluation. I’d recommended
that she try a medicine I expected would help. I’d also laid out
the risks and benefits of other treatment options.
“Do you have additional questions I can answer?” I asked.
I wanted to let her know that’s why I was there, to cull the
research, to help make sense of it. “No, I like to go online and
look for myself,” she said.
More and more, I see students turning away from the
expertise that a live person can offer and instead turning to
the vast and somehow more objective-seeming “expertise” of
the digital world.
In an age when journalism we don’t like can be dismissed
as “fake news,” suggesting that the information we do like
is most credible, regardless of its source, it’s not hard to
understand why young people do this. The medical profession
itself, under managed care, has played a role as well, providing
less time for doctor-patient interactions and undermining the
chances that a personal relationship and trust can develop.
Under the guise of efficiency, medical test results are now
often released directly to patients, sometimes before or even
without the benefit of any interpretation.
But there’s danger in trusting data over people, as there
is in thinking the expertise of all people is equivalent. When
it comes to health, digital natives may not be learning how to
navigate effectively. And the consequences could be harmful.
The availability of health data on the internet has its
benefits. Online, for example, we can find explanations and
solutions for symptoms we might be too embarrassed, or
afraid, to discuss with another person, in person. Or, for lifethreatening diseases, we can locate clinical trials our doctors
may not be aware of.
However, there’s also a lot of misleading information, and
information that’s simply untrue. The internet is full of people
selling things – supplements, treatment regimens that have
not been rigorously tested, even prescription medications –
and making false promises that have not been scrutinized
by regulatory agencies. Sometimes, as in the case of some
websites that promote “an anorexic diet” for “aggressive”
weight loss, the information can encourage life-threatening
behavior.
Years ago, when we discussed paternalism versus patient
autonomy in my medical school ethics class, I came down
strongly in favor of autonomy. Who but the patient could best
decide what was right for him or her? But years of clinical –
and personal – experience have taught me that information
in and of itself is insufficient. Judgment is also indispensable,
especially in complex situations, and the capacity for good
judgment rests within people, not data sets.
(Doris Iarovici is a psychiatrist at Harvard University’s Counseling and
Mental Health Services and the author of Mental Health Issues and the
University Student. www.nytimes.com, 01.03.2018. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o quarto parágrafo, a profissão médica contribui para que as pessoas recorram à internet em vez de
recorrer a médicos. A justificativa apresentada é que
Ano: 2018
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2018 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 2º Semestre de 2018 - Medicina |
Q1798988
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The challenge of doctor-patient relations in the internet age
“Let me do some research and I’ll get back to you,” my
patient said. My patient, a 19-year-old student, had already
taken time off from school because of her anxiety. I was her
psychiatrist, with over two decades of experience treating
university students, and had just explained my diagnostic
impressions based on a lengthy evaluation. I’d recommended
that she try a medicine I expected would help. I’d also laid out
the risks and benefits of other treatment options.
“Do you have additional questions I can answer?” I asked.
I wanted to let her know that’s why I was there, to cull the
research, to help make sense of it. “No, I like to go online and
look for myself,” she said.
More and more, I see students turning away from the
expertise that a live person can offer and instead turning to
the vast and somehow more objective-seeming “expertise” of
the digital world.
In an age when journalism we don’t like can be dismissed
as “fake news,” suggesting that the information we do like
is most credible, regardless of its source, it’s not hard to
understand why young people do this. The medical profession
itself, under managed care, has played a role as well, providing
less time for doctor-patient interactions and undermining the
chances that a personal relationship and trust can develop.
Under the guise of efficiency, medical test results are now
often released directly to patients, sometimes before or even
without the benefit of any interpretation.
But there’s danger in trusting data over people, as there
is in thinking the expertise of all people is equivalent. When
it comes to health, digital natives may not be learning how to
navigate effectively. And the consequences could be harmful.
The availability of health data on the internet has its
benefits. Online, for example, we can find explanations and
solutions for symptoms we might be too embarrassed, or
afraid, to discuss with another person, in person. Or, for lifethreatening diseases, we can locate clinical trials our doctors
may not be aware of.
However, there’s also a lot of misleading information, and
information that’s simply untrue. The internet is full of people
selling things – supplements, treatment regimens that have
not been rigorously tested, even prescription medications –
and making false promises that have not been scrutinized
by regulatory agencies. Sometimes, as in the case of some
websites that promote “an anorexic diet” for “aggressive”
weight loss, the information can encourage life-threatening
behavior.
Years ago, when we discussed paternalism versus patient
autonomy in my medical school ethics class, I came down
strongly in favor of autonomy. Who but the patient could best
decide what was right for him or her? But years of clinical –
and personal – experience have taught me that information
in and of itself is insufficient. Judgment is also indispensable,
especially in complex situations, and the capacity for good
judgment rests within people, not data sets.
(Doris Iarovici is a psychiatrist at Harvard University’s Counseling and
Mental Health Services and the author of Mental Health Issues and the
University Student. www.nytimes.com, 01.03.2018. Adaptado.)
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “Let me do some research
and I’ll get back to you”, o termo sublinhado refere-se
Q1797185
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below and answer the following question.
Is it time you went on a social media detox?
In today's world, social media is central to our lives. It helps
us to stay in touch with our friends, promote our work, and
follow the latest news. How do these networks impact our
mental and physical health?
A number of studies have linked social media use with
increased levels of depression, anxiety, and isolation.
Social media lovers have twice the risk of depression,
compared with their less enthusiastic peers.
Research has revealed that younger and older users alike
are in danger of breaking under the pressure of
unachievable standards of beauty and success.
Among young adult users, social media notably increases
the incidence of anxiety and depression, according to the
results of a sizeable study conducted in 2016.
In fact, the researchers saw that users who frequently
checked their accounts had a more than twice as high a risk
of depression than their less social media-oriented peers.
This may partly be due to the fact that social networks
create an artificial need to be available 24/7, to respond to
messages and emoji reactions instantly. But this attitude
creates an unnecessary amount of low-key stress that takes
its toll on our emotional well-being.
And, despite the fact that such platforms are supposed to
enhance our sense of connectedness with other people,
research has found that they actually have the opposite
effect: they render dedicated users lonelier and more
isolated.
However, this shouldn't really surprise us. The
hyperconnectedness takes place at a superficial level,
eliminating all of the extra elements that make
communication more valuable and psychologically
constructive.
Such elements include eye contact, body language, the
possibility of listening for changes in our interlocutor's tone
of voice, or the possibility of physical touch.
An over-active social media presence can leave its mark not
just on our mental health, but also on our physical health —
particularly by altering our sleep patterns.
Lastly, researchers have proven that our commitment to
social media platforms can negatively affect our
commitment to our own creative and professional lives in
complex ways.
Adaptado de: <
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321498.php?sr>
Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2018.
The pernicious effects of social media
Q1797184
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below and answer the following question.
Is it time you went on a social media detox?
In today's world, social media is central to our lives. It helps
us to stay in touch with our friends, promote our work, and
follow the latest news. How do these networks impact our
mental and physical health?
A number of studies have linked social media use with
increased levels of depression, anxiety, and isolation.
Social media lovers have twice the risk of depression,
compared with their less enthusiastic peers.
Research has revealed that younger and older users alike
are in danger of breaking under the pressure of
unachievable standards of beauty and success.
Among young adult users, social media notably increases
the incidence of anxiety and depression, according to the
results of a sizeable study conducted in 2016.
In fact, the researchers saw that users who frequently
checked their accounts had a more than twice as high a risk
of depression than their less social media-oriented peers.
This may partly be due to the fact that social networks
create an artificial need to be available 24/7, to respond to
messages and emoji reactions instantly. But this attitude
creates an unnecessary amount of low-key stress that takes
its toll on our emotional well-being.
And, despite the fact that such platforms are supposed to
enhance our sense of connectedness with other people,
research has found that they actually have the opposite
effect: they render dedicated users lonelier and more
isolated.
However, this shouldn't really surprise us. The
hyperconnectedness takes place at a superficial level,
eliminating all of the extra elements that make
communication more valuable and psychologically
constructive.
Such elements include eye contact, body language, the
possibility of listening for changes in our interlocutor's tone
of voice, or the possibility of physical touch.
An over-active social media presence can leave its mark not
just on our mental health, but also on our physical health —
particularly by altering our sleep patterns.
Lastly, researchers have proven that our commitment to
social media platforms can negatively affect our
commitment to our own creative and professional lives in
complex ways.
Adaptado de: <
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321498.php?sr>
Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2018.
Not so enthusiastic social media users
Q1797183
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below and answer the following question.
Is it time you went on a social media detox?
In today's world, social media is central to our lives. It helps
us to stay in touch with our friends, promote our work, and
follow the latest news. How do these networks impact our
mental and physical health?
A number of studies have linked social media use with
increased levels of depression, anxiety, and isolation.
Social media lovers have twice the risk of depression,
compared with their less enthusiastic peers.
Research has revealed that younger and older users alike
are in danger of breaking under the pressure of
unachievable standards of beauty and success.
Among young adult users, social media notably increases
the incidence of anxiety and depression, according to the
results of a sizeable study conducted in 2016.
In fact, the researchers saw that users who frequently
checked their accounts had a more than twice as high a risk
of depression than their less social media-oriented peers.
This may partly be due to the fact that social networks
create an artificial need to be available 24/7, to respond to
messages and emoji reactions instantly. But this attitude
creates an unnecessary amount of low-key stress that takes
its toll on our emotional well-being.
And, despite the fact that such platforms are supposed to
enhance our sense of connectedness with other people,
research has found that they actually have the opposite
effect: they render dedicated users lonelier and more
isolated.
However, this shouldn't really surprise us. The
hyperconnectedness takes place at a superficial level,
eliminating all of the extra elements that make
communication more valuable and psychologically
constructive.
Such elements include eye contact, body language, the
possibility of listening for changes in our interlocutor's tone
of voice, or the possibility of physical touch.
An over-active social media presence can leave its mark not
just on our mental health, but also on our physical health —
particularly by altering our sleep patterns.
Lastly, researchers have proven that our commitment to
social media platforms can negatively affect our
commitment to our own creative and professional lives in
complex ways.
Adaptado de: <
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321498.php?sr>
Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2018.
The use of social media
Q1797181
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below and answer the following question.
Can Cellular Agriculture Feed the World?
Within 20 years, there will be 2 billion more people than today — over 9 billion people in total. The impact to the environment could be severe. Just feeding that population using current methods is problematic.
On average, cattle ranchers need 100 times more land than corn growers to produce a gram of food. So, if that hungry world continues to eat meat like we do, the demand for land — and fresh water — will be alarming, not to mention the environmental impact of raising so many animals. Meat production aside, the large-scale monoculture of crops like corn usually results in damaging terrestrial pollution from pesticides and soil depletion. The impact to the oceans is equally perilous.
Instead of farming animals, fish and plants, cellular agriculture grows the proteins and nutrients we consume from a culture, cell by cell. With this alternative approach, the consumable meat and plant tissues produced don’t need to be harvested from animals or plants. It’s food production on an industrial scale.
The technology to do this is not new. Growing meat from a scaffold embedded in growth culture is no different in theory than making bread from yeast. The vast majority of insulin for diabetics is already manufactured by genetically engineered bacteria, as is the rennet used to culture cheese. In the past 10 years, this approach has been pioneered with a variety of foodstuffs: milk, eggs, beef, chicken, fish — even coffee.
To succeed, cellular agriculture must overcome 6,000 years of established dependence on traditional agriculture, and it has to do so via one of the most finicky human senses: taste. No one will eat manufactured meat or fish if it doesn’t have the same sensual satisfaction generated by the grown version. So, in addition to all the technical challenges in creating edible tissues from cultures, the startups pioneering this approach are working diligently to make their products tasty.
The possibilities for cellular agriculture are seemingly limitless; it may be possible to grow human organs for transplant using the method. But it is still early days.
Adaptado de: <https://earth911.com/business-policy/cellular-agriculture/>
One of the things that makes cellular culture hard to
succeed is
Q1797180
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below and answer the following question.
Can Cellular Agriculture Feed the World?
Within 20 years, there will be 2 billion more people than today — over 9 billion people in total. The impact to the environment could be severe. Just feeding that population using current methods is problematic.
On average, cattle ranchers need 100 times more land than corn growers to produce a gram of food. So, if that hungry world continues to eat meat like we do, the demand for land — and fresh water — will be alarming, not to mention the environmental impact of raising so many animals. Meat production aside, the large-scale monoculture of crops like corn usually results in damaging terrestrial pollution from pesticides and soil depletion. The impact to the oceans is equally perilous.
Instead of farming animals, fish and plants, cellular agriculture grows the proteins and nutrients we consume from a culture, cell by cell. With this alternative approach, the consumable meat and plant tissues produced don’t need to be harvested from animals or plants. It’s food production on an industrial scale.
The technology to do this is not new. Growing meat from a scaffold embedded in growth culture is no different in theory than making bread from yeast. The vast majority of insulin for diabetics is already manufactured by genetically engineered bacteria, as is the rennet used to culture cheese. In the past 10 years, this approach has been pioneered with a variety of foodstuffs: milk, eggs, beef, chicken, fish — even coffee.
To succeed, cellular agriculture must overcome 6,000 years of established dependence on traditional agriculture, and it has to do so via one of the most finicky human senses: taste. No one will eat manufactured meat or fish if it doesn’t have the same sensual satisfaction generated by the grown version. So, in addition to all the technical challenges in creating edible tissues from cultures, the startups pioneering this approach are working diligently to make their products tasty.
The possibilities for cellular agriculture are seemingly limitless; it may be possible to grow human organs for transplant using the method. But it is still early days.
Adaptado de: <https://earth911.com/business-policy/cellular-agriculture/>
Cellular agriculture
Q1794443
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Avoiding meat and dairy is single biggest
way to reduce your impact on Earth
Avoiding meat and dairy products is the single biggest way
to reduce your environmental impact on the planet, according
to the scientists behind the most comprehensive analysis to
date of the damage farming does to the planet.
The new research, published in the journal Science, shows
that without meat and dairy consumption, global farmland use
could be reduced by more than 75% – an area equivalent to
the US, China, European Union and Australia combined – and
still feed the world. Loss of wild areas to cattle farming is the
leading cause of the current mass extinction of wildlife.
The new analysis shows that while meat and dairy
products provide just 18% of calories and 37% of protein, they
use the vast majority – 83% – of farmland and produce 60%
of farming greenhouse gas emissions. Other recent research
shows 86% of all land mammals are now livestock or humans.
The scientists also found that even the lowest impact by meat
and dairy products may cause much more environmental
harm than the least sustainable vegetable and cereal growing.
(Damian Carrington. www.theguardian.com, 31.05.2018. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the third paragraph “they use the vast
majority”, the underlined word refers to
Q1794442
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Avoiding meat and dairy is single biggest
way to reduce your impact on Earth
Avoiding meat and dairy products is the single biggest way
to reduce your environmental impact on the planet, according
to the scientists behind the most comprehensive analysis to
date of the damage farming does to the planet.
The new research, published in the journal Science, shows
that without meat and dairy consumption, global farmland use
could be reduced by more than 75% – an area equivalent to
the US, China, European Union and Australia combined – and
still feed the world. Loss of wild areas to cattle farming is the
leading cause of the current mass extinction of wildlife.
The new analysis shows that while meat and dairy
products provide just 18% of calories and 37% of protein, they
use the vast majority – 83% – of farmland and produce 60%
of farming greenhouse gas emissions. Other recent research
shows 86% of all land mammals are now livestock or humans.
The scientists also found that even the lowest impact by meat
and dairy products may cause much more environmental
harm than the least sustainable vegetable and cereal growing.
(Damian Carrington. www.theguardian.com, 31.05.2018. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o segundo parágrafo, a extinção em massa
da vida selvagem
Q1794441
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Avoiding meat and dairy is single biggest
way to reduce your impact on Earth
Avoiding meat and dairy products is the single biggest way
to reduce your environmental impact on the planet, according
to the scientists behind the most comprehensive analysis to
date of the damage farming does to the planet.
The new research, published in the journal Science, shows
that without meat and dairy consumption, global farmland use
could be reduced by more than 75% – an area equivalent to
the US, China, European Union and Australia combined – and
still feed the world. Loss of wild areas to cattle farming is the
leading cause of the current mass extinction of wildlife.
The new analysis shows that while meat and dairy
products provide just 18% of calories and 37% of protein, they
use the vast majority – 83% – of farmland and produce 60%
of farming greenhouse gas emissions. Other recent research
shows 86% of all land mammals are now livestock or humans.
The scientists also found that even the lowest impact by meat
and dairy products may cause much more environmental
harm than the least sustainable vegetable and cereal growing.
(Damian Carrington. www.theguardian.com, 31.05.2018. Adaptado.)
O texto afirma que, para diminuir o impacto ambiental no nosso planeta, é preciso
Ano: 2018
Banca:
UNIFOA
Órgão:
UNIFOA
Prova:
UNIFOA - 2018 - UNIFOA - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q1793961
Inglês
Natural selection gave a freediving people in Southeast Asia bigger spleens
The Bajau people of Southeast Asia, known as Sea Nomads, spend their whole lives at sea, working eight-hour diving shifts with traditional equipment and short breaks to catch fish and shellfish for their families. In a study published April 19 in the journal Cell, researchers report that the extraordinary diving abilities of the Bajau may be thanks in part to their unusually large spleens. The adaptation, the researchers say, is a rare example of natural selection in modern humans -- and one that could provide medically relevant insight into how humans manage acute hypoxia.
Vocabulary: Spleens – baços
Hypoxia – hipóxia (baixa concentração de oxigênio nos tecidos)
Story from Science Daily
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180419131128.htm
Published: 19 April 2018
Segundo o estudo apresentado,
Ano: 2018
Banca:
UNIFOA
Órgão:
UNIFOA
Prova:
UNIFOA - 2018 - UNIFOA - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q1793960
Inglês
Evidence mounts for Alzheimer's, suicide risks among youth in polluted cities
A University of Montana researcher and her collaborators have published a new study that reveals increased risks for Alzheimer's and suicide among children and young adults living in polluted megacities.
Story from Science Daily https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180413155259.htm Published: 13 April 2018
Podemos afirmar que
A University of Montana researcher and her collaborators have published a new study that reveals increased risks for Alzheimer's and suicide among children and young adults living in polluted megacities.
Story from Science Daily https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180413155259.htm Published: 13 April 2018
Podemos afirmar que
Ano: 2018
Banca:
UNIFOA
Órgão:
UNIFOA
Prova:
UNIFOA - 2018 - UNIFOA - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q1793959
Inglês
Digital addiction increases loneliness, anxiety and depression
Smartphones are an integral part of most people's lives, allowing us to stay connected and in-the-know at all times. The downside of that convenience is that many of us are also addicted to the constant pings, chimes, vibrations and other alerts from our devices, unable to ignore new emails, texts and images. In a new study published in NeuroRegulation, San Francisco State University Professor of Health Education Erik Peper and Associate Professor of Health Education Richard Harvey argue that overuse of smart phones is just like any other type of substance abuse.
Story from: Science Daily https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180411161316.htm Published: 11 April 2018
Segundo o texto,
Smartphones are an integral part of most people's lives, allowing us to stay connected and in-the-know at all times. The downside of that convenience is that many of us are also addicted to the constant pings, chimes, vibrations and other alerts from our devices, unable to ignore new emails, texts and images. In a new study published in NeuroRegulation, San Francisco State University Professor of Health Education Erik Peper and Associate Professor of Health Education Richard Harvey argue that overuse of smart phones is just like any other type of substance abuse.
Story from: Science Daily https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180411161316.htm Published: 11 April 2018
Segundo o texto,
Q1686603
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined?
Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.”
Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world?
Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
No trecho do quarto parágrafo – unless the last two practices
result in forced labour – o termo em destaque indica ideia de
Q1686602
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined?
Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.”
Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world?
Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
De acordo com o quarto parágrafo, a ILO estima que
Q1686600
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined?
Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.”
Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world?
Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, a Convenção Suplementar das Nações Unidas de 1956 inclui como escravidão
moderna
Q1686599
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined?
Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.”
Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world?
Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – all work or service which is
exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and
for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily –
o termo em destaque se refere a
Conheça nossos planos