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A corrente de difusão é o fenômeno que ocorre no interior de soluções iônicas sujeitas a uma diferença de potencial que é utilizada pelo condutivímetro para realizar medições.
Para medir a condutividade dos íons presentes em uma solução, o eletrodo tem que ser inerte.
Independentemente da natureza, todos os íons contribuem com uma dada fração para a condutividade total.
A condutividade iônica aumenta com o aumento da temperatura.
Esses diastereoisômeros denominam-se anômeros.
As aldoexoses apresentam 2 carbonos quirais e, portanto, 8 estereoisômeros: 4 formas D e 4 formas L.
Os estereoisômeros da glicose representados são denominados enantiômeros.
A glicose e a frutose são polialcoóis isômeros, sendo que a primeira molécula também é um aldeído e a segunda, uma cetona.
A presença de catalisadores altera a variação de energia livre da reação em apreço.
Na oxidação completa da glicose com catálise enzimática, um aumento da temperatura desse sistema reacional pode ocasionar a desnaturação de enzimas e, conseqüentemente, a diminuição da velocidade da reação.
Na presença de enzimas, a reação ocorre com energia de ativação zero.
Na reação mencionada, os reagentes acessam um número de configurações espaciais maior que os produtos.
This text refers to items 36 through 50.
Coming changes in electrical outlets and plugs
1 Do you ever pay attention to the plug when buying
appliances? From now on, you will have to. Based
on INMETRO’s regulations, a new law already in effect makes
4 grounding mandatory. Therefore, three-prong plugs will
become commonplace, giving extra work to consumers as
early as this year.
7 The third prong provides a path to ground along
which the electric current travels. Electrical outlets will also
have three-wire receptacles that accommodate electrical\quad
10 cords with three-prong plugs. Most major appliances, such as
stoves, refrigerators, and computers, have three-prong plugs,
meaning that they are grounded. Most older homes do not
13 have three-wire receptacles. If yours does not, you should
have an electrician rewire the home to accommodate the
three-prong plugs. Although three-prong adapters (called
16 cheater plugs) can be purchased, they are not recommended
for permanent use. Also remember never to clip the third
prong off a plug to make it fit a two-hole outlet.
19 The idea behind grounding is to protect the people
who use metal encased appliances from electric shock.
The casing is connected directly to the ground prong. Thus,
22 INMETRO’s concern is solely with safety. People touching
a refrigerator, for instance, will not get any potentially fatal
shocks.
25 Changes will have been introduced gradually by
2009, so as not to cause a profound impact on the population.
Electrical outlets will already be available with the third
28 receptacle. However, this will be useless unless it is
grounded. By law, new constructions must have grounding.
As of 2010, all appliances which need the third
prong will already include it. Not all outlets need to be
31 modified. Only those which will accommodate three-prong
plugs such as those for washing machines. Old appliances
34 with round pins will continue to operate normally.
With this initiative, INMETRO expects to solve
existing problems with electrical outlets. At present, there are
37 around twelve different types on the market. It is not
uncommon to try to push the plug into an outlet without
being completely successful. If it is not totally pushed in, the
40 part that is left out becomes a great risk of accidents. With
the new standard plug such risk will be eliminated.
Appliances which will continue to operate with two-
43 prong plugs are televisions, DVDs, video games and
blenders. Those requiring the third prong are microwave
ovens, air conditioners, washing machines, and freezers.
Internet: <extra.globo.com/economia/materiais>; <www.tva.gov>; <www.istockphoto.com/file_closeu> (with adaptations).
the picture and text as reference, judge the following items.
"requiring" (L.44) can be correctly replaced by which require without any change in meaning.
This text refers to items 36 through 50.
Coming changes in electrical outlets and plugs
1 Do you ever pay attention to the plug when buying
appliances? From now on, you will have to. Based
on INMETRO’s regulations, a new law already in effect makes
4 grounding mandatory. Therefore, three-prong plugs will
become commonplace, giving extra work to consumers as
early as this year.
7 The third prong provides a path to ground along
which the electric current travels. Electrical outlets will also
have three-wire receptacles that accommodate electrical\quad
10 cords with three-prong plugs. Most major appliances, such as
stoves, refrigerators, and computers, have three-prong plugs,
meaning that they are grounded. Most older homes do not
13 have three-wire receptacles. If yours does not, you should
have an electrician rewire the home to accommodate the
three-prong plugs. Although three-prong adapters (called
16 cheater plugs) can be purchased, they are not recommended
for permanent use. Also remember never to clip the third
prong off a plug to make it fit a two-hole outlet.
19 The idea behind grounding is to protect the people
who use metal encased appliances from electric shock.
The casing is connected directly to the ground prong. Thus,
22 INMETRO’s concern is solely with safety. People touching
a refrigerator, for instance, will not get any potentially fatal
shocks.
25 Changes will have been introduced gradually by
2009, so as not to cause a profound impact on the population.
Electrical outlets will already be available with the third
28 receptacle. However, this will be useless unless it is
grounded. By law, new constructions must have grounding.
As of 2010, all appliances which need the third
prong will already include it. Not all outlets need to be
31 modified. Only those which will accommodate three-prong
plugs such as those for washing machines. Old appliances
34 with round pins will continue to operate normally.
With this initiative, INMETRO expects to solve
existing problems with electrical outlets. At present, there are
37 around twelve different types on the market. It is not
uncommon to try to push the plug into an outlet without
being completely successful. If it is not totally pushed in, the
40 part that is left out becomes a great risk of accidents. With
the new standard plug such risk will be eliminated.
Appliances which will continue to operate with two-
43 prong plugs are televisions, DVDs, video games and
blenders. Those requiring the third prong are microwave
ovens, air conditioners, washing machines, and freezers.
Internet: <extra.globo.com/economia/materiais>; <www.tva.gov>; <www.istockphoto.com/file_closeu> (with adaptations).
the picture and text as reference, judge the following items.
"three-prong plugs" (L.4) are plugs with three prongs.
This text refers to items 36 through 50.
Coming changes in electrical outlets and plugs
1Do you ever pay attention to the plug when buying
appliances? From now on, you will have to. Based
on INMETRO’s regulations, a new law already in effect makes
4 grounding mandatory. Therefore, three-prong plugs will
become commonplace, giving extra work to consumers as
early as this year.
7 The third prong provides a path to ground along
which the electric current travels. Electrical outlets will also
have three-wire receptacles that accommodate electrical
10 cords with three-prong plugs. Most major appliances, such as
stoves, refrigerators, and computers, have three-prong plugs,
meaning that they are grounded. Most older homes do not
13 have three-wire receptacles. If yours does not, you should
have an electrician rewire the home to accommodate the
three-prong plugs. Although three-prong adapters (called
16 cheater plugs) can be purchased, they are not recommended
for permanent use. Also remember never to clip the third
prong off a plug to make it fit a two-hole outlet.
19 The idea behind grounding is to protect the people
who use metal encased appliances from electric shock.
The casing is connected directly to the ground prong. Thus,
22 INMETRO’s concern is solely with safety. People touching
a refrigerator, for instance, will not get any potentially fatal
shocks.
25 Changes will have been introduced gradually by
2009, so as not to cause a profound impact on the population.
Electrical outlets will already be available with the third
28 receptacle. However, this will be useless unless it is
grounded. By law, new constructions must have grounding.
As of 2010, all appliances which need the third
prong will already include it. Not all outlets need to be
31 modified. Only those which will accommodate three-prong
plugs such as those for washing machines. Old appliances
34 with round pins will continue to operate normally.
With this initiative, INMETRO expects to solve
existing problems with electrical outlets. At present, there are
37 around twelve different types on the market. It is not
uncommon to try to push the plug into an outlet without
being completely successful. If it is not totally pushed in, the
40 part that is left out becomes a great risk of accidents. With
the new standard plug such risk will be eliminated.
Appliances which will continue to operate with two-
43 prong plugs are televisions, DVDs, video games and
blenders. Those requiring the third prong are microwave
ovens, air conditioners, washing machines, and freezers.
Internet: <extra.globo.com/economia/materiais>; <www.tva.gov>; <www.istockphoto.com/file_closeu> (with adaptations).
According to the text,
INMETRO has made a selection of the best plugs on the market.
This text refers to items 36 through 50.
Coming changes in electrical outlets and plugs
1Do you ever pay attention to the plug when buying
appliances? From now on, you will have to. Based
on INMETRO’s regulations, a new law already in effect makes
4 grounding mandatory. Therefore, three-prong plugs will
become commonplace, giving extra work to consumers as
early as this year.
7 The third prong provides a path to ground along
which the electric current travels. Electrical outlets will also
have three-wire receptacles that accommodate electrical
10 cords with three-prong plugs. Most major appliances, such as
stoves, refrigerators, and computers, have three-prong plugs,
meaning that they are grounded. Most older homes do not
13 have three-wire receptacles. If yours does not, you should
have an electrician rewire the home to accommodate the
three-prong plugs. Although three-prong adapters (called
16 cheater plugs) can be purchased, they are not recommended
for permanent use. Also remember never to clip the third
prong off a plug to make it fit a two-hole outlet.
19 The idea behind grounding is to protect the people
who use metal encased appliances from electric shock.
The casing is connected directly to the ground prong. Thus,
22 INMETRO’s concern is solely with safety. People touching
a refrigerator, for instance, will not get any potentially fatal
shocks.
25 Changes will have been introduced gradually by
2009, so as not to cause a profound impact on the population.
Electrical outlets will already be available with the third
28 receptacle. However, this will be useless unless it is
grounded. By law, new constructions must have grounding.
As of 2010, all appliances which need the third
prong will already include it. Not all outlets need to be
31 modified. Only those which will accommodate three-prong
plugs such as those for washing machines. Old appliances
34 with round pins will continue to operate normally.
With this initiative, INMETRO expects to solve
existing problems with electrical outlets. At present, there are
37 around twelve different types on the market. It is not
uncommon to try to push the plug into an outlet without
being completely successful. If it is not totally pushed in, the
40 part that is left out becomes a great risk of accidents. With
the new standard plug such risk will be eliminated.
Appliances which will continue to operate with two-
43 prong plugs are televisions, DVDs, video games and
blenders. Those requiring the third prong are microwave
ovens, air conditioners, washing machines, and freezers.
Internet: <extra.globo.com/economia/materiais>; <www.tva.gov>; <www.istockphoto.com/file_closeu> (with adaptations).
According to the text,
people should never pay attention to plugs.
A recente mudança dos hábitos alimentares dos chineses provocou uma guinada nos preços do leite e de produtos lácteos na União Européia. Porém a novidade, uma boa notícia para os pecuaristas europeus, já inquieta os consumidores. Impulsionada pelo vigoroso crescimento econômico, a China vê explodir a demanda do consumo de proteínas e de leite, artigos raros nas mesas chinesas até os anos 90. O apetite voraz por esse tipo de alimento na China foi responsável pelo crescimento de 13,46% no consumo do produto no ano passado — e nenhum mercado no mundo tem um dinamismo tão grande e tanta influência nas exportações da União Européia, o maior produtor mundial de leite.
Folha de S.Paulo, 12/8/2007, p. A24 (com adaptações).
Tendo o texto acima como referência inicial e considerando as diversas implicações do tema que ele focaliza, julgue os itens que se seguem.
Também asiática e quase tão populosa como a China, a Índia apresenta-se hoje como uma das mais pujantes economias emergentes do planeta.
A recente mudança dos hábitos alimentares dos chineses provocou uma guinada nos preços do leite e de produtos lácteos na União Européia. Porém a novidade, uma boa notícia para os pecuaristas europeus, já inquieta os consumidores. Impulsionada pelo vigoroso crescimento econômico, a China vê explodir a demanda do consumo de proteínas e de leite, artigos raros nas mesas chinesas até os anos 90. O apetite voraz por esse tipo de alimento na China foi responsável pelo crescimento de 13,46% no consumo do produto no ano passado — e nenhum mercado no mundo tem um dinamismo tão grande e tanta influência nas exportações da União Européia, o maior produtor mundial de leite.
Folha de S.Paulo, 12/8/2007, p. A24 (com adaptações).
Tendo o texto acima como referência inicial e considerando as diversas implicações do tema que ele focaliza, julgue os itens que se seguem.
O impacto do crescimento chinês sobre a economia mundial não é maior porque o país resiste a ingressar na Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC) e a ampliar suas exportações.
A recente mudança dos hábitos alimentares dos chineses provocou uma guinada nos preços do leite e de produtos lácteos na União Européia. Porém a novidade, uma boa notícia para os pecuaristas europeus, já inquieta os consumidores. Impulsionada pelo vigoroso crescimento econômico, a China vê explodir a demanda do consumo de proteínas e de leite, artigos raros nas mesas chinesas até os anos 90. O apetite voraz por esse tipo de alimento na China foi responsável pelo crescimento de 13,46% no consumo do produto no ano passado — e nenhum mercado no mundo tem um dinamismo tão grande e tanta influência nas exportações da União Européia, o maior produtor mundial de leite.
Folha de S.Paulo, 12/8/2007, p. A24 (com adaptações).
Tendo o texto acima como referência inicial e considerando as diversas implicações do tema que ele focaliza, julgue os itens que se seguem.
Segundo o texto, produção reduzida e consumo elevado explicam a alta dos preços do leite e de seus derivados na União Européia.
A recente mudança dos hábitos alimentares dos chineses provocou uma guinada nos preços do leite e de produtos lácteos na União Européia. Porém a novidade, uma boa notícia para os pecuaristas europeus, já inquieta os consumidores. Impulsionada pelo vigoroso crescimento econômico, a China vê explodir a demanda do consumo de proteínas e de leite, artigos raros nas mesas chinesas até os anos 90. O apetite voraz por esse tipo de alimento na China foi responsável pelo crescimento de 13,46% no consumo do produto no ano passado — e nenhum mercado no mundo tem um dinamismo tão grande e tanta influência nas exportações da União Européia, o maior produtor mundial de leite.
Folha de S.Paulo, 12/8/2007, p. A24 (com adaptações).
Tendo o texto acima como referência inicial e considerando as diversas implicações do tema que ele focaliza, julgue os itens que se seguem.
O caso citado no texto confirma uma característica da economia global contemporânea, qual seja, a interdependência dos mercados.
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