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Q2335902 Português
Observe o seguinte fragmento, retirado de uma reportagem sobre uma cidade interiorana:
“Na praça central da cidadezinha havia a igreja e muitos bancos e mesas onde as famílias se reuniam nos momentos de lazer; por ali também passavam os poucos turistas, provenientes de cidades vizinhas. Nossa reportagem aproximou-se de um grupo de jovens sentado em torno de uma das mesas e perguntou-lhes sobre as possibilidades de lazer na cidade; as risadas que recebemos como resposta já mostrava a quase inexistência de diversão.”
Trata-se de um texto predominantemente narrativo; assinale a opção que mostra o fato que dá início a essa narração.
Alternativas
Q2335901 Português
Observe o seguinte texto narrativo:
“O menino, hoje homem feito, entrou no quarto dos avós já falecidos. Observou os móveis, os retratos de sua infância na fazenda; um deles trouxe-lhe a memória a grande emoção que sentiu quando montou num cavalo pela primeira vez, acompanhado de um tio. Viu também a velha caneta usada pelo avô na contabilidade da fazenda...”.
Nesse fragmento textual, a narrativa é interrompida pela 
Alternativas
Q2335900 Português
Assinale a frase abaixo que mostra a palavra MAIS numa classe gramatical diferente das demais.
Alternativas
Q2335898 Português
Em todas as frases abaixo há um vocábulo sublinhado; para esse vocábulo foi proposta uma substituição por outro de mesmo sentido básico, mas de menor intensidade.
Assinale a frase em que a substituição proposta não está adequada, por não representar algo menos intenso. 
Alternativas
Q2335666 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
No último parágrafo do texto, os termos from e or são classificados, respectivamente, como: 
Alternativas
Q2335665 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
Dentre as frases abaixo, todas retiradas do texto, aquela que pode ser reescrita no presente perfeito, sem que haja alteração no significado, é:
Alternativas
Q2335664 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
No segundo parágrafo do texto, as abreviações L1 e L2 são utilizadas para indicar língua materna e língua estrangeira, respectivamente. Para substituir a abreviação que se refere à língua estrangeira, deve-se usar a expressão:
Alternativas
Q2335663 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
A abreviação “i.e.”, usada no quinto e sexto parágrafos do texto, representa o termo “id est”, do latim. Seu correspondente em inglês é:
Alternativas
Q2335662 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
Dentre as orações condicionais abaixo, todas retiradas do texto, aquela que é classificada como uma “future real conditional” é:
Alternativas
Q2335661 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
No quarto parágrafo do texto, o termo whatsoever classifica-se como:
Alternativas
Q2335660 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
No trecho “Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively…”, o termo em destaque recebeu o sufixo -ING por se tratar de:
Alternativas
Q2335659 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
No trecho “I'll address a few that have been mentioned below”, pode-se substituir o termo destacado, sem prejuízo de significado, por: 
Alternativas
Q2335658 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
No trecho “Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more target-like in his or her use of the language…”, os termos em destaque referem-se a:
Alternativas
Q2335657 Inglês
TEXT:


How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?

There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned below.

Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in order to start making progress again.

Different people are motivated by different things, which range from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no single formula.

Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating, depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker (NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn? It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but everything in moderation.

One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2 speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories. First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/ write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely interested.)

I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.) Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in how much time, and through what methods.


Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition Acesso em 22/09/2023
De acordo com o texto, a fossilização pode ser definida como um:
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: SELECON Órgão: SEDUC-MT Provas: SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Sociologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Pedagogia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Matemática | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Portuguesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Espanhola | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - História | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Geografia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Filosofia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Educação Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Artes | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Ciências Físicas e Biológicas | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Biologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Instrutor de Surdo | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Intérprete de Libras | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Zootecnia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Veterinária | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Tecnologia Educacional | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Estatística | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Agronomia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Educação Básica - Química |
Q2334926 Pedagogia
O Programa Educação – 10 Anos se define como uma política estatal com projetos e ações desenvolvidas para a melhoria da qualidade e dos índices educacionais no âmbito do Estado de Mato Grosso. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foram estabelecidos pilares estratégicos adotados para monitoramento do plano Educação – 10 anos. A “Política Pública de Projetos Pedagógicos Complementares” compõe o pilar estratégico denominado:
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: SELECON Órgão: SEDUC-MT Provas: SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Sociologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Pedagogia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Matemática | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Portuguesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Espanhola | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - História | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Geografia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Filosofia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Educação Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Artes | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Ciências Físicas e Biológicas | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Biologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Instrutor de Surdo | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Intérprete de Libras | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Zootecnia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Veterinária | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Tecnologia Educacional | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Estatística | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Agronomia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Educação Básica - Química |
Q2334925 Pedagogia
Na circunstância em que nova organização societária pretenda administrar uma unidade escolar privada credenciada já existente, deverão ser submetidas previamente documentos ao Conselho Estadual de Educação. Esse órgão analisará o requerimento a ser instruído com:
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: SELECON Órgão: SEDUC-MT Provas: SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Sociologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Pedagogia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Matemática | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Portuguesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Espanhola | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - História | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Geografia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Filosofia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Educação Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Artes | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Ciências Físicas e Biológicas | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Biologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Instrutor de Surdo | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Intérprete de Libras | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Zootecnia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Veterinária | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Tecnologia Educacional | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Estatística | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Agronomia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Educação Básica - Química |
Q2334924 Pedagogia

As instituições escolares deverão contemplar na organização de suas propostas pedagógicas as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Fundamental observando os princípios calcados na autonomia, na responsabilidade, na solidariedade e no respeito ao bem comum. Essa orientação envolve preceitos de natureza:

Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: SELECON Órgão: SEDUC-MT Provas: SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Sociologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Pedagogia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Matemática | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Portuguesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Espanhola | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - História | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Geografia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Filosofia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Educação Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Artes | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Ciências Físicas e Biológicas | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Biologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Instrutor de Surdo | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Intérprete de Libras | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Zootecnia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Veterinária | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Tecnologia Educacional | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Estatística | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Agronomia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Educação Básica - Química |
Q2334923 Pedagogia
O Plano Estadual de Educação apresenta, entre seus objetivos, o de assegurar, de maneira imediata, a existência de plano de carreira para os profissionais da educação básica pública. Isso é alcançável, entre outras formas, mediante a garantia nos Planos de Carreiras, Cargos e Salários que a elevação por tempo de serviço se dê por intermédio da avaliação de desempenho na função de atuação. No Plano, essa estratégia faz parte da meta de número:
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: SELECON Órgão: SEDUC-MT Provas: SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Sociologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Pedagogia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Matemática | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Portuguesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Espanhola | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - História | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Geografia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Filosofia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Educação Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Artes | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Ciências Físicas e Biológicas | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Biologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Instrutor de Surdo | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Intérprete de Libras | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Zootecnia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Veterinária | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Tecnologia Educacional | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Estatística | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Agronomia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Educação Básica - Química |
Q2334922 Pedagogia
Para concorrer ao cargo de Diretor de Escola Pública Estadual, é preciso que o candidato preencha requisitos específicos previstos em lei. A candidatura é permitida mesmo ao profissional que: 
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: SELECON Órgão: SEDUC-MT Provas: SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Sociologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Pedagogia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Matemática | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Portuguesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Espanhola | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - História | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Geografia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Filosofia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Educação Física | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Artes | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Ciências Físicas e Biológicas | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Biologia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Instrutor de Surdo | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Inclusivas - Intérprete de Libras | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Zootecnia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Veterinária | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Tecnologia Educacional | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Estatística | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Disciplinas Técnicas - Agronomia | SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor de Educação Básica - Química |
Q2334921 Pedagogia
A educação especial constitui a proposta pedagógica da escola inclusiva e tem como seu público-alvo alunos com deficiência, dentre outros. De acordo com a Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (2007), alunos com deficiência são aqueles que:
Alternativas
Respostas
11001: D
11002: D
11003: E
11004: B
11005: B
11006: A
11007: D
11008: A
11009: D
11010: C
11011: A
11012: B
11013: C
11014: D
11015: C
11016: A
11017: D
11018: D
11019: B
11020: A