As teachers, we need to balance English language activities that focus on accuracy and fluency. This can be done by

In spite of globalization and the status of English as a lingua franca, nativespeakerism still influences ELT practices. What are some possible actions you can take to combat nativespeakerism in the classroom? 

Read the lyrics below.
I had a bad dream, a scary nightmare I saw a wicked witch and I started to scream She had a black cat, a bat and a rat A broom and a pointed hat It was obscene...
Hey baby, _______________ Gotta' be careful ... ey baby, _______________ If a t’s in the middle, then a nose is gonna twitch...
Adapted from: https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/homophonessong.php

Which of the following questions best fits the two gaps in the lyrics? 

Read the poem below by the poet Elizabeth Bishop:
ONE ART
The art of losing isn’t hard to master; so many things seem filled with the intent to be lost that their loss is no disaster.
Lose something every day. Accept the fluster of lost door keys, the hour badly spent. The art of losing isn’t hard to master.
Then practice losing farther, losing faster: places, and names, and where it was you meant to travel. None of these will bring disaster.
I lost my mother’s watch. And look! my last, or next-to-last, of three loved houses went. The art of losing isn’t hard to master.
I lost two cities, lovely ones. And, vaster, some realms I owned, two rivers, a continent. I miss them, but it wasn’t a disaster.
—Even losing you (the joking voice, a gesture I love) I shan’t have lied. It’s evident the art of losing’s not too hard to master though it may look like (Write it!) like disaster.
Source: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/47536/oneart
In the poem, the persona 

Read the abstract below and then answer the question that follows.

The paper reflects on the role of technology in English language teaching (ELT) methodologies and on the impact of globalization and internationalization in education in general and in ELT in particular. The study is based on the assumption that access to information and technology is necessary to build social capital (WARSCHAUER, 2003) and that this access requires some English knowledge and digital literacy (FINARDI; PREBIANCA; MOMM, 2013). Departing from a bibliographic review on the use of ELT methodologies and the role of technologies in these methodologies, the study proposes that both the resistance to and the uncritical use of technologies and methodologies may bring negative consequences to the development of English language proficiency and social development in Brazil. The study concludes that in the post-method (BROWN, 2002; KUMARAVADIVELU, 2003) and information era (LEVY, 1999) technologies have a relevant and crucial role that should be critically considered in ELT methodologies. The study also suggests that the informed use of technologies and methodologies, allied with the teaching of English as an international language are essential to leverage the development and the internationalization of education in Brazil in a critical way in relation to the effects of globalization. 

Source: https://www.scielo.br/j/ides/a/nJqphLP8s4hp4zBLsTWrPLc/

According to the abstract,

In English language teaching, communicative activities are 

Read the text below and then answer the question that follows:

The Hague, 29 September 1872.
My dear Theo,
I was glad to hear that you got back safely.
I missed you the first few days, and it was strange for me not to find you when I came home in the afternoon. We spent some pleasant days together, and actually did go for some walks and see a thing or two whenever we had the chance.
What terrible weather, you must feel anxious on your walks to Oisterwijk. Yesterday there were trotting races on the occasion of the exhibition, but the illumination and fireworks were postponed because of the bad weather, so it’s just as well you didn’t stay to see them
Regards from the Haanebeeks and the Rooses. Ever,
Your loving
Vincent

This text follows the conventions of

Read the text below. Then, choose the option that best fills in the gaps: 

In this paper, we present the status quo and challenges regarding the use of additional languages as a medium of instruction in Brazilian higher education. ________ contextualizing the importance of the process of internationalization at home (IaH) and additional languages in higher education. ______, the teaching of additional languages in Brazil, _______ has been until very recently relegated to the private sector and accessible only to an elite, is introduced. We then provide an overview of the present state of affairs of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in the country, which is still in its infancy. _______ to describe different ways in which language and content can be integrated in higher education, as well as how EMI can be introduced in disciplinary courses. __________ that EMI can maximize the learning of academic English by Brazilian students and content instructors, as well as encourage a more international higher education and balanced academic mobility by allowing foreign students to study in Brazil while preserving and even increasing the international interest in the Portuguese language. In a country located in the periphery of knowledge production and dissemination, we understand that the adoption of EMI can potentially foster the inclusion of more Brazilians in the global academic and research scenario. It gives them access to the knowledge produced internationally and, at the same time, enables the research produced in the country to be disseminated globally. 

Adapted from: https://journals.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/sfuer/article/view/941 

Read the text below about deepfakes:

Deepfakes are creating havoc across the globe, spreading fake news and pornography, being used to steal identities, exploiting celebrities, scamming ordinary people and even influencing elections. 

Yet a recent worldwide survey found 71% of people have no idea what deepfakes are.

Deepfakes are digital photos, videos or voices of real people that have either been synthetically created or manipulated using artificial intelligence (AI) and can be hard to distinguish from the real thing. 

You’ve probably seen a deepfake video or photo without even realising it. Computer-generated Tom Cruises, Taylor Swifts and Mark Zuckerbergs have been circulating on the internet for several years, but what started as a bit of harmless fun has now become much more serious. 

Earlier this year, a finance worker at a multinational firm in Hong Kong was tricked into paying AUD$39 million to fraudsters who used deepfake technology to impersonate the company’s chief financial officer in a video conference.

(…)

Australia’s Defence Chief Angus Campbell has expressed fears that the world is entering “an era of truth decay,” where misinformation will undermine democracy by sowing discord and distrust. 

Campbell told a defence conference in 2023 that artificial intelligence and deepfakes would “seriously damage public confidence in elected officials” by making it impossible for most people to distinguish fact from fiction.

Source: https://unisa.edu.au/connect/enterprisemagazine/articles/2024/what-are-deepfakes-and-should-we-beworried/ 

Choose the correct alternative based on the text. 

In relation to the teaching of language skills, according to contemporary communicative approaches to language teaching it is correct to say that 

Read the excerpt below of Virginia Woolf’s “A room of one’s own”:

It would have been impossible, completely and entirely, for any woman to have written the plays of Shakespeare in the age of Shakespeare. Let me imagine, since facts are so hard to come by, what would have happened had Shakespeare had a wonderfully gifted sister, called Judith, let us say. Shakespeare himself went, very probably,--his mother was an heiress--to the grammar school, where he may have learnt Latin--Ovid, Virgil and Horace--and the elements of grammar and logic. He was, it is well known, a wild boy who poached rabbits, perhaps shot a deer, and had, rather sooner than he should have done, to marry a woman in the neighbourhood, who bore him a child rather quicker than was right. That escapade sent him to seek his fortune in London. He had, it seemed, a taste for the theatre; he began by holding horses at the stage door. Very soon he got work in the theatre, became a successful actor, and lived at the hub of the universe, meeting everybody, knowing everybody, practising his art on the boards, exercising his wits in the streets, and even getting access to the palace of the queen.

Meanwhile his extraordinarily gifted sister, let us suppose, remained at home. She was as

adventurous, as imaginative, as agog to see the world as he was. But she was not sent to school. She had no chance of learning grammar and logic, let alone of reading Horace and Virgil. She picked up a book now and then, one of her brother's perhaps, and read a few pages. But then her parents came in and told her to mend the stockings or mind the stew and not moon about with books and papers. They would have spoken sharply but kindly, for they were substantial people who knew the conditions of life for a woman and loved their daughter--indeed, more likely than nots he was the apple of her father's eye. Perhaps she scribbled some pages up in an apple loft on the sly but was careful to hide them or set fire to them. Soon, however, before she was out of her teens, she was to be betrothed to the son of a neighbouring woolstapler. She cried out that marriage was hateful to her, and for that she was severely beaten by her father. Then he ceased to scold her. He begged her instead not to hurt him, not to shame him in this matter of her marriage. He would give her a chain of beads or a fine petticoat, he said; and there were tears in his eyes. How could she disobey him? How could she break his heart? (...) 

According to the narrator: 

Task-based language teaching is a branch of communicative language teaching that centers around the notion of “tasks”. Which learning philosophy lies behind the concept of tasks? 

Throughout the History of language teaching, different methods were believed to be ideal for students’ language development. The audiolingual and the grammar-translation methods are two known examples. However, Kumaravadivelu (1994) argues in favor of the postmethod condition, which implies that 

From the perspective of multiliteracies, it is possible to affirm that 

Read the text below and then answer the question that follows.
A careful analysis of the teacher-student relationship at any level, inside or outside the school, reveals its fundamentally narrative character. This relationship involves a narrating Subject (the teacher) and patient, listening objects (the students). The contents, whether values or empirical dimensions of reality, tend in the process of being narrated to become lifeless and petrified. Education is suffering from narration sickness.
The teacher talks about reality as if it were motionless, static, compartmentalized, and predictable. Or else he expounds on a topic completely alien to the existential experience of the students. His task is to “fill” the students with the contents of his narration—contents which are detached from reality, disconnected from the totality that engendered them and could give them significance. Words are emptied of their concreteness and become a hollow, alienated, and alienating verbosity.
The outstanding characteristic of this narrative education, then, is the sonority of words, not their transforming power. “Four times four is sixteen; the capital of Pará is Belém.” The student records, memorizes, and repeats these phrases without perceiving what four times four really means, or realizing the true significance of “capital” in the affirmation “the capital of Para is Belém,” that is, what Belém means for Pará and what Pará means for Brazil.
Source: https://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon2/pedagogy/pedago gychapter2.html

The author of this excerpt 

Read the following excerpt of a book review:

Machado de Assis is one of Brazil’s most cherished writers. Born in 1839, he was the grandson of freed slaves. ________ was not abolished in Brazil until 1888, when Machado de Assis was already 49 years old, a fact I learned after being _____ surprised by the casual mention of slaves throughout this novel. In spite of his family’s poverty and lack of opportunity for education, Machado de Assis _____ through various bureaucratic positions until finally gaining prominence as a writer and poet. He taught himself French, English, German, and Greek, and eventually founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters. Nevertheless, he has never had a vast following among English-speaking readers, which is a shame.

Dom Casmurro is a simple tale about an aging man named Bento Santiago, who is one day moved to document the story of his life. His life is not all that extraordinary, to be honest. He falls in love with the girl next door, ______ with her and a close family friend to avoid being sent to the seminary, eventually marries and has a son, and then becomes jealous and suspicious. In his old age, where the novel begins, he has taken to living in a reproduction of his ________ home, suggesting a sort of Citizen Kane-type regret (rather, I guess Citizen Kane suggests a type of Dom Casmurrotype regret).

Source: https://cannonballread.com/2023/09/dom-casmurrokimmie/

Choose the option that best completes the gaps in the excerpt: 

Read the excerpt below, in which Gloria Anzaldúa describes her experience as a child with Mexican descent in the United States of America:
I remember being caught speaking Spanish at recess – that was good for three licks on the knuckles with a sharp ruler. I remember being sent to the comer of the classroom for “talking back” to the Anglo teacher when all I was trying to do was tell her how to pronounce my name. “If you want to be American, speak ‘American.’ If you don’t like it, go back to Mexico where you belong.”
(…) At Pan American University, I and all Chicano students were required to take two speech classes. Their purpose: to get rid of our accents. Attacks on one’s form of expression with the intent to censor are a violation of the First Amendment.
(…) Wild tongues can’t be tamed, they can only be cut out.
Reference: Anzaldúa, Gloria. Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza. 2nd ed. San Francisco: Aunt Lute Books, 1999. I

In this passage, Anzaldúa

If a teacher uses assessment instruments such as portfolios, projects, diaries; and provides students with the chance to produce different versions of their assignments after receiving feedback, what kind of assessment does the teacher follow? 

Look at the comic strip below.

Source: https://www.middleweb.com/20394/daily-comic-strip-chronicles-teaching-life/ 

Choose the correct alternative according to the text.

While reading a text in English, students may try to understand each single word and feel unmotivated. One possibility is to teach students about reading strategies such as skimming and scanning, which are, respectively: