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Q3944852 Inglês
Teacher Qualifications, Professionalism, Competencies, and Benchmarks


To achieve professionalism, English language teachers (both native English-speaking teachers [NESTs] and nonnative English-speaking teachers [NNESTs]) need to gain competence in disciplinary content knowledge about the nature of language, language learning, and language teaching, as well as pedagogical content knowledge regarding teaching strategies that they can use to make their teaching contextually appropriate and effective. Teachers also need to achieve the ability to use English effectively for different purposes, and acquire knowledge about English that gives them the skills to analyze and explain the language. In addition, teachers need to engage in reflective activities and classroom-based research as part of developing teacher qualifications, in order to be able to make a connection between these bodies of knowledge and their practice and continue their professional development. Benchmarks developed to measure teachers' English language proficiency need to reflect local needs and constraints as well as respond to the role of English as a lingua franca.


Content extracted and adapted from:

DOĞANÇAY-AKTUNA, Seran; HARDMAN, Joel. Teacher qualifications, professionalism, competencies, and benchmarks: Nonnative English-speaking teachers (NNESTs). 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0034
Professionalism in English Language Teaching requires some competencies. Based on Text 2, analyze the following statements and choose the CORRECT alternative whose proposition(s) is/are true.
I. Dealing with IA technologies.
II. Disciplinary content knowledge.
III. Pedagogical knowledge.
IV. Research publication.
V. Translation skills.
Alternativas
Q3944851 Inglês
Teacher Qualifications, Professionalism, Competencies, and Benchmarks


To achieve professionalism, English language teachers (both native English-speaking teachers [NESTs] and nonnative English-speaking teachers [NNESTs]) need to gain competence in disciplinary content knowledge about the nature of language, language learning, and language teaching, as well as pedagogical content knowledge regarding teaching strategies that they can use to make their teaching contextually appropriate and effective. Teachers also need to achieve the ability to use English effectively for different purposes, and acquire knowledge about English that gives them the skills to analyze and explain the language. In addition, teachers need to engage in reflective activities and classroom-based research as part of developing teacher qualifications, in order to be able to make a connection between these bodies of knowledge and their practice and continue their professional development. Benchmarks developed to measure teachers' English language proficiency need to reflect local needs and constraints as well as respond to the role of English as a lingua franca.


Content extracted and adapted from:

DOĞANÇAY-AKTUNA, Seran; HARDMAN, Joel. Teacher qualifications, professionalism, competencies, and benchmarks: Nonnative English-speaking teachers (NNESTs). 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0034
Based on Text 2, select the only alternative that correctly reflects its main focus:
Alternativas
Q3944850 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

Analyze the following sentences and select the only one that is correctly expressed in the passive voice: 
Alternativas
Q3944849 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

As a conclusion, Text 1 states that “He [the author] claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward”. Based on this excerpt, choose the alternative that correctly rewrites this sentence from the Present Simple to the Present Perfect tense: 
Alternativas
Q3944848 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

Analyzing the following passage from Text 1, where it is said that “it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done”, it is correct to affirm that the underlined phrasal verb (fallen short) semantically suggests:
Alternativas
Q3944847 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

Considering the following excerpt from Text 1, where it says “the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL”, the underlined expression (steady stream) could be correctly replaced (preserving its original meaning and use in its original context) by: 
Alternativas
Q3944846 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

According to the author, what has been the impact of decades of debate on native speakers (NS) and non-native speakers (NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL?
Alternativas
Q3944845 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

Based on Text 1 and the author’s considerations regarding native speakers (NS) and non-native speakers (NNS) of English in the field of TESOL, analyze the following statements:
I. NS are considered a subaltern professional group in comparison with NNS.
II. NNS could be considered an emerging elite within TESOL.
III. NNS are usually seen as a marginalized or subaltern community.
IV. NNS are a group resistant to change. V. The inequity between NS and NNS is a temporary phenomenon in education.

Now, select the CORRECT alternative, whose statement(s) is/are true:
Alternativas
Q3944844 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

Supported by Text 1, choose the alternative that correctly describes its main purpose:
Alternativas
Q3944843 Inglês

TEXT 1


The Decolonial Option in English Teaching: Can the Subaltern Act?


In this reflective article that straddles the personal and the professional, the author shares his critical thoughts on the impact of the steady stream of discourse on the native speaker/nonnative speaker (NS/NNS) inequity in the field of TESOL. His contention is that more than a quarter century of the discoursal output has not in any significant way altered the ground reality of NNS subordination. Therefore, he further contends, it is legitimate to ask what the discourse has achieved, where it has fallen short, why it has fallen short, and what needs to be done. Drawing insights from the works of Gramsci (1971) on hegemony and subalternity, and Mignolo (2010) on decoloniality, the author characterizes the NNS community as a subaltern community and argues that, if it wishes to effectively disrupt the hegemonic power structure, the only option open to it is a decolonial option which demands resultoriented action, not just “intellectual elaboration.” Accordingly, he presents the contours of a five-point plan of action for the consideration of the subaltern community. He claims that only a collective, concerted, and coordinated set of actions carries the potential to shake the foundation of the hegemonic power structure and move the subaltern community forward.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: KUMARAVADIVELU, Bala. The decolonial option in English teaching: Can the subaltern act? TESOL Quarterly, [S.l.], v. 50, n. 1, p. 66–85, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/tesq.202. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.202. 

Considering the excerpt presented in Text 1 and analyzing its overall textual features, choose the only one alternative that correctly classifies it as a genre:
Alternativas
Q3944840 Pedagogia
Se acordo com o Art. 5o da Lei nº 9.795/99 – (Institui a Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental), são objetivos fundamentais da educação ambiental, entre outros, EXCETO:
Alternativas
Q3944712 História
Tendo como referência a Base Nacional Comum Curricular e o ensino de História nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, a Área de Ciências Humanas e suas Tecnologias deve garantir aos alunos o desenvolvimento das seguintes competências específicas:
I. Compreender acontecimentos históricos, relações de poder e processos e mecanismos de transformação e manutenção das estruturas sociais, políticas, econômicas e culturais ao longo do tempo e em diferentes espaços, a fim de analisar, posicionar-se e intervir no mundo contemporâneo.
II. Produzir, avaliar e utilizar tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação de modo crítico, ético e responsável, compreendendo seus significados para os diferentes grupos ou estratos sociais.
III. Abordar a transição do medievo à modernidade, a expansão marítima, as sociedades ameríndias e africanas, a escravidão moderna e as colônias na América, desenvolvendo aptidão de análise, discussão e contextualização.

É CORRETO o que se afirma em:
Alternativas
Q3944711 História
A respeito do processo de redemocratização no Brasil (1985), é INCORRETO afirmar que: 
Alternativas
Q3944710 História
A imagem apresentada a seguir, extraída do acervo do Memorial da Resistência de São Paulo, evoca um diálogo silencioso e profundamente simbólico travado durante o período dos governos militares no Brasil. Na cela 4 do memorial, o Cravo Vermelho emerge como emblema de esperança e solidariedade — um gesto sutil, porém eloquente, de resistência frente à repressão. 
À luz dessa imagem, podemos afirmar que ela:
q_48 hist.png (321×211)
Fonte: Disponível em: https://memorialdaresistenciasp.org.br/evento/oficina-projeto-resisto10/
Alternativas
Q3944709 História
Tendo como referência a ditadura civil-militar no Brasil (1964), analise os itens a seguir:
I. O AI-1 foi publicado em 9 de abril de 1964. Por meio dele, os militares cassaram mandatos, suspenderam os direitos políticos de opositores por dez anos, instituíram eleições indiretas para a Presidência da República e fortaleceram o Poder Executivo federal.
II. Em dezembro de 1968, o presidente Costa e Silva decretou o AI-5. Por meio desse ato, fechou o Congresso Nacional e suspendeu os direitos políticos e constitucionais individuais, incluindo o habeas corpus, o que possibilitou a realização de prisões sistemáticas.
III. No governo Médici, foi adotada uma política voltada ao crescimento econômico. Como efeito imediato, houve geração de empregos e crescimento acelerado do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB), que, em 1973, chegou a registrar aumento de 14%. Em consequência, a ditadura passou a difundir a ideia de que o país vivia um “milagre econômico”.

É CORRETO o que se afirma em:
Alternativas
Q3944708 História
A respeito da Segunda República no Brasil, é CORRETO afirmar que:
Alternativas
Q3944707 História

Proceda à análise da imagem apresentada a seguir:


                                q_45 hist.png (287×221)


Fonte: Disponível em: https://digital.bbm.usp.br/handle/bbm/1.


A charge que retrata Vargas acompanhado por Juca Pato, personagem recorrente nas ilustrações de Belmonte, faz referência a um episódio emblemático da trajetória política brasileira. A imagem pode estar relacionada: 

Alternativas
Q3944706 História
“O distintivo da Cobra Fumante costuma ser exibido com orgulho pelos veteranos da Força Expedicionária Brasileira. Nas fotografias feitas logo após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, os combatentes demonstram uma postura altiva e marcial. Contudo, o aspecto bem-sucedido dos soldados brasileiros oculta uma série de imprevistos e improvisos que fizeram parte da trajetória da FEB na guerra. Antes de entrar em ação, sua capacidade de combate foi duramente questionada. Até mesmo o general Mascarenhas de Morais (1883-1968), comandante da FEB, reconheceu problemas de organização e de treinamento do contingente. Entretanto, o despreparo inicial foi compensado pelo bem-executado processo de instrução dos soldados no Exército, sob uma liderança capaz. ”
Fonte: APRENDENDO com o inimigo. Revista de História da Biblioteca Nacional, ano 7, n. 76, jan. 2012, p. 30.
I. Considerando o conteúdo abordado no texto, analise atentamente as afirmativas a seguir:
II. A Blitzkrieg, ou guerra-relâmpago, foi a estratégia utilizada pela Alemanha para conquistar o maior número de países em menor intervalo de tempo.
III. Vargas declarou guerra ao Eixo, em 1942. Soldados da Força Expedicionária Brasileira (FEB) foram enviados à Europa para lutar na guerra. Apesar do pouco preparo e da falta de suprimentos, eles participaram de campanhas vitoriosas, como a tomada do Monte Castelo, na Itália.
IV. Após sucessivas vitórias do Eixo, em 1940 Adolf Hitler colocou em prática a chamada Operação Barbarossa, concebida como estratégia de aliança militar com a União Soviética, reafirmando e fortalecendo o Pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop firmado com Josef Stálin, com vistas à divisão cooperativa dos territórios do Leste Europeu.

É CORRETO o que se afirma em:  
Alternativas
Q3944705 História

Proceda à análise crítica da charge a seguir:


q_43 hist.png (479×168)


Fonte: Disponível em: https://moderna.com.br/escolapublica/pnld/historia/viver-historia-com-leandro-karnal/html?volume=2/.


A propósito do processo de Independência e em consonância com a charge supramencionada, examine atentamente as proposições elencadas a seguir e atribua a V aquelas que se revelarem VERDADEIRAS, e a F as que se mostrarem FALSAS


( ) A mão de obra conheceu súbita inflexão estrutural com a ruptura de 1822, sendo prontamente desarticulados os arranjos laborais de matriz lusa e instaurado um regime de feição contratual e protoindustrial. A economia desvencilhou-se do antigo paradigma agroexportador, transmutando-se, com inusitada celeridade, em um sistema multifacetado e de acentuada densidade manufatureira, alicerçado na dinamização endógena do mercado interno. No plano político, o nascente Império adotou postura de inequívoca desvinculação em relação à órbita britânica, refutando tratados, convenções e influxos normativos exógenos, de modo a resguardar a inteireza de sua soberania decisória e a plenitude de sua autonomia econômica.


( ) Ao longo da diacronia histórica, o 7 de setembro de 1822 transfigurou-se em efeméride matricial da identidade nacional brasileira, alçando-se à condição de signo fundador da memória cívica. Para além das construções imagéticas que cristalizam o episódio, sobressaem artefatos monumentalizadores — a exemplo do erigido no Parque da Independência — cuja materialidade simbólica chancela e perpetua uma hermenêutica idealizante e acentuadamente heroificadora do itinerário emancipatório.


( ) O personagem Armandinho recorre a um artifício irônico de elevada carga crítica para insinuar que o Brasil não apenas sofreu a exploração econômica perpetrada pela metrópole portuguesa, mas que, já no decurso do período colonial, teria permanecido juridicamente vinculado e formalmente subjugado às diretrizes político-administrativas emanadas de outras potências europeias, as quais teriam arrogado para si prerrogativas de natureza legislativa, passando a intervir de modo direto e deliberado na orientação dos desígnios econômicos da colônia.


( ) A Independência revelou-se permeada por limitações estruturais, uma vez que não promoveu transformações substanciais na organização social vigente. Ademais, o Brasil não logrou autonomia econômica efetiva, pois, ao desvincular-se da órbita portuguesa, passou à esfera de influência do Reino Unido. Tal reordenamento não implicou ruptura com as bases materiais herdados do período colonial, mantendo-se incólumes a estrutura latifundiária e a centralidade do trabalho compulsório. Desse modo, a emancipação política coexistiu com a preservação de mecanismos de dependência externa, que condicionaram os rumos financeiros, comerciais e diplomáticos do nascente Império.


Assinale a sequência CORRETA:  

Alternativas
Q3944704 História
Em 22 de janeiro de 1808, Salvador acolheu festivamente a esquadra que, após quase dois meses de travessia desde Lisboa, conduzia a família real portuguesa. Dois dias depois, consumava-se fato inédito: o desembarque oficial de uma dinastia europeia reinante em solo americano. Tal acontecimento insere-se no contexto das reconfigurações político-econômicas luso-britânicas. Já em 1703, Portugal firmara o Tratado de Methuen, o que na prática, reforçava:  
Alternativas
Respostas
641: C
642: C
643: B
644: D
645: A
646: A
647: C
648: D
649: B
650: C
651: A
652: A
653: A
654: B
655: D
656: C
657: A
658: X
659: D
660: A