Questões de Concurso Sobre inglês

Reported speech is how we represent the speech of other people or what we ourselves say. There are some principles of reported speech, which are: (I) Reported speech is a way to convey what someone said; (II) Reported speech often changes verbs and pronouns; (III) Reported speech often uses a tense further back in the past; and, (IV) Reported speech changes questions into statements. Also, it is worth mentioning that there are two main types of reported speech: direct speech and indirect speech. The main difference between direct and indirect speech is that direct speech uses the exact words spoken by someone, while indirect speech reports what someone said without using their exact words. With that in mind, check the alternative which sentence represents the correct form of the reported speech (indirect speech) from the example provided below (direct speech):
Paulo Freire once said, “There is no such thing as neutral education”.

Total Physical Response (TPR) is a teaching method that uses physical movement to help students learn language and vocabulary. It is a method of teaching language or vocabulary concepts by using physical movement to react to verbal input. The process mimics the way that infants learn their first language, and it reduces student inhibitions and lowers stress. In TPR, instructors give commands to students in the target language with body movements, and students respond with whole-body actions. Total Physical Response is particularly useful for, but not limited to, teaching beginners and, or younger students and is highly effective for teaching imperative-based languages, where the commands are easily expressed through actions. Having that said, check the alternative, whose statement is not associated with the one of the core principles of TPR.

Adverbs have many different meanings and functions. They are especially important for indicating the time, manner, place, degree and frequency of something. An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, or an entire sentence. There are six main types of adverbs: manner, time, place, frequency, degree, and conjunctive. With this in mind, match the second column according to the information provided in the first one, then check the correct answer.

( 1 ) MANNER ( 2 ) TIME ( 3 ) PLACE ( 4 ) FREQUENCY ( 5 ) DEGREE ( 6 ) CONJUNCTIVE

( ) Very, absolutely, totally, rather, quite, really, completely, extremely, fairly
( ) There, here, somewhere, everywhere, nowhere, anywhere, abroad, northwards.
( ) Also, however, otherwise, indeed, finally, furthermore, nonetheless, in fact.
( ) Usually, sometimes, never, often, always, rarely, occasionally, seldom.
( ) Soon, early, now, today, tomorrow, yesterday, then, now, lately, next.
( ) Quickly, slowly, easily, fast, well, carefully, correctly, noisily, silently. 

The way we use language depends on factors such as the situation we are in (at a friend’s house, in a job interview, in a tutorial); who we are talking to (friends, potential employer, tutor); and our means of communication (conversation face to face, telephone, email, report). Our decisions about the way we use language are to a great extent unconscious ones: we instinctively know how to adapt our language to the situation. For example, there are a number of differences between spoken and written language. This being so, we can characterize spoken language as quite informal, colloquial and presumably unstructured (since it is often spontaneous). Furthermore, spoken language mostly takes place in the form of a dialogue with another speaker. Written language, on the other hand, is generally more structured, formal, impersonal and wordy. Also, written language is considered more formal and should follow the rules of the English language. Spoken language is generally less formal, and the rules are less important. Slang, an informal language understood only by certain groups, is acceptable in spoken language but not in written language. That said, read the statements that follow, then check ( T ) for TRUE and ( F ) for FALSE while indicating the correct answer (by also checking it).

( )Written English is more complex grammatically than spoken English, with longer and more complex sentences, fewer contractions, and more subordinate clauses.

( ) Spoken English is more likely to be face-to-face communication, while written English is more likely to be communication through the written word.

( ) Spoken English is more fixed and stable than written English, which is more fleeting.

( ) Spoken English is usually more organized and carefully formulated than written English.

( ) Written English is typically more structured and forms a monologue rather than a dialogue, while spoken English is more likely to be a dialogue.

( ) Written English communicates across time and space for as long as the medium exists and the language is understood. Spoken English is more immediate.

( ) Spoken English normally uses a generally acceptable standard variety of the language, whereas written English may sometimes be in a regional or other limited-context dialect.

( ) In Spoken English, the content is presented much more densely. In written English, the information is “diluted” and conveyed through many more words: there are a lot of repetitions, glosses, “fillers”, producing a text is noticeably longer and with more redundant passages. 

Active methodologies are teaching methods that place students as the main characters in their learning process. The main aim of active methodologies is to train students and teachers with the competencies and skills of the future, which are: argumentation, digital culture, good communication, critical thinking, responsibility, cooperation, and much more. Active methodologies are the basis for creating more open learning environments, with interactivity and cooperation between students. It is the transformation of education, which motivates and engages students, reduces dropout rates and failures, and improves the experience as a whole. Also, studies have shown that these methodologies improve grades and help students develop emotional intelligence beyond the basic curriculum. That being said, having in mind the fundamentals and principles of the most known active methodologies, match the second column according to the information provided in the first one, then check the correct answer. 
( A ) Flipped classroom. ( B ) Project-based learning. ( C ) Case studies. ( D ) Peer teaching. ( E ) Gamification. ( F ) Inquiry-based learning.

( ) Students learn from each other through pairing and sharing learning objectives. It is an effective way to encourage collaboration and communication, and can help students retain information.

( ) It involves the use of game elements in non-game situations to increase motivation and learning. It can also be used in the classroom to increase student engagement, motivation, and knowledge retention while helping them to develop a positive attitude towards learning.

( )Students find solutions to problems mainly by themselves, and then present their findings to the class. It is an active approach that encourages students to become self-directed learners. It also emphasizes contextual and experiential approaches to learning.

( ) Students apply their knowledge to real-world problems, often open-ended. They also work on projects over an extended period of time – from a week up to a semester – that engage them in answering a complex question.

( ) Students are placed in an active learning role, promoting research, problem-solving, and highlevel cognitive skills. It challenges students to think critically and creatively to develop solutions.

( ) It focuses on problem solving and learning activities in the classroom, while content transmission happens outside of the classroom. Students learn content at home through readings, videos, or other activities before class. In class, students participate in activities like practice, application exercises, discussions, and team-based learning.