In "After World War I, however, immigration patterns change...
Próximas questões
Com base no mesmo assunto
Ano: 2025
Banca:
IGEDUC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José do Seridó - RN
Prova:
IGEDUC - 2025 - Prefeitura de São José do Seridó - RN - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q3794570
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às
questão.
Italians
The peak period of Italian immigration to the United
States occurred between 1880 and 1921, when
approximately 4.2 million Italians came to America. The
vast majority of these immigrants, about 80 percent,
hailed from the Mezzogiorno in southern Italy, a region in
the midst of great tumult and hardship. Having only been
officially unified in 1860, political tension between the
government in the north and the rural peasants in the
south increased in the 1870s, when the government
placed an onerous tax on wheat and salt, which were
necessities for southern farmers and fishermen. In the
1880s, disease ravaged both staple and cash crops;
malaria and other epidemics also devastated southern
Italy during this period. Additionally, a series of
earthquakes and the eruptions of Mount Etna and Mount
Vesuvius in the early 1900s destroyed cities and killed
tens of thousands of people.
Conditions in the United States during this era appeared
to be very favorable to many in southern Italy. Wages for
both skilled and unskilled laborers in the industrialized US
could be three times greater than wages for the same
work in the depressed Italian economy. Even illiterate day
laborers could find better paying jobs with better working
conditions in cities like Boston. In the late nineteenth
century, Italian immigrants were often referred to as
"birds of passage"−young men who migrated alone,
earning money to buy land and support their families at
home and eventually returning to Italy. After World War I,
however, immigration patterns changed and more Italian
immigrants began to bring their families over and put
down permanent roots in the region.
Patterns of Settlement
Boston's North End neighborhood became the locus of
Italian settlement in eastern New England. Once the
home of English colonists and revolutionaries like Paul
Revere, Irish and Jewish immigrants settled in the North
End before the wave of Italian immigration in the late
1800s. By the early 20th century, the North End was
densely filled with tenements, in which tens of thousands
of Italians lived. Much of the appeal of the North End for
immigrant groups was its proximity to work opportunities
on the waterfront and in downtown Boston. By 1920, over
50 percent of Italian immigrants in Boston lived in the
North End. Those who could afford more spacious
dwellings moved across the harbor to East Boston, which
by the mid-twentieth century became the city's largest
Italian-American community. Others moved to nearby
suburbs such as Somerville, Revere and Saugus,
especially after World War II. But even as immigrants and
their children moved to these areas, many Italian small
businesses and restaurants remained in the North End, and it is still an important center of Italian culture in New
England.
Workforce Participation
Most Italian immigrants in the late nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries worked menial, unskilled jobs upon
their arrival in Boston, as day laborers, dockworkers, or
fruit sellers. Others opened shops and small businesses,
and some skilled workers (like tailors) found
higher-paying jobs. In neighborhoods like the North End
and East Boston, immigrants operated Italian restaurants
that attracted a growing clientele from across the city. For
the earlier "birds of passage," though, assimilating into
the wider American culture was not a priority; for more
permanent Italian settlers, cultural obstacles such as the
language barrier and lower levels of education made
upward mobility difficult. Within a few generations,
however, Italian Americans in Boston became better
educated and were able to move into middle-class and
professional occupations, including some of the highest
echelons of business and politics.
https://globalboston.bc.edu/index.php/home/ethnic-groups/italians/
In "After World War I, however, immigration patterns
changed," the adverbial connector however signals
contrast and textual progression. From a discourse
perspective, such connectors perform a metatextual role,
guiding reader interpretation. Which sentence below uses
however in the same cohesive function?
Gabarito comentado
Confira o gabarito comentado por um dos nossos professores
Gabarito: B
Fundamento decisivo: O ponto decisivo é identificar a mesma função discursiva do "however" do trecho-base: conector adverbial de contraste com papel coesivo de progressão textual entre proposições. Como a alternativa B opõe explicitamente duas orações independentes — "He didn't migrate; however, his brothers did." — ela reproduz o uso contrastivo exigido pelo enunciado.
Tema central: Uso discursivo de however
Análise das alternativas
A
Errada
Está incorreta porque "However can we understand this migration?" não usa "however" como conector coesivo de contraste entre enunciados. Falta a oposição textual entre duas proposições.
B
Certa
A alternativa B está correta porque emprega "however" como articulador adversativo entre duas proposições claramente contrapostas, com separação por pontuação e contraste semântico expresso. Esse é o valor cobrado: o termo deve funcionar como marcador coesivo-discursivo de progressão textual, tal como no trecho-base.
C
Errada
Está incorreta porque, em "However tired he was", "however" tem valor concessivo/intensificador, equivalente a "por mais... que", e não de conector textual adversativo. A função semântica é diversa: concessão, e não contraste metatextual.
D
Errada
Está incorreta segundo o critério adotado pela base porque, embora haja valor adversativo parentético, a frase não reproduz com a mesma nitidez o padrão de progressão contrastiva entre duas proposições explicitamente contrapostas como no modelo do enunciado. O contraste fica incidental dentro da oração, e não como articulador textual entre enunciados independentes.
Pegadinha da questão
A banca explorou a confusão entre três usos de "however": o adversativo/cohesivo correto, o concessivo de "however tired" e o uso parentético que pode parecer equivalente, mas não foi considerado pela base como a mesma função discursiva prototípica do trecho-base.
Dica para questões semelhantes
- Verifique primeiro se o conector liga duas proposições com contraste textual expresso; se sim, há maior chance de equivalência funcional.
- Diferencie "however" adversativo de "however" concessivo: em estruturas como "however + adjetivo/advérbio", o sentido tende a ser "por mais... que".
- Nem toda ocorrência parentética da mesma palavra basta; a banca pode exigir o mesmo papel coesivo-discursivo entre enunciados independentes.
Clique para visualizar este gabarito
Visualize o gabarito desta questão clicando no botão abaixo
Conheça nossos planos