    The terrible food in hospitals has long been one of the
greatest contradictions in health care. Over the past few
years, several doctors have spoken out about the lack of
healthy food options and how frustrating it can be to tell their
patients to make dietary changes, only to have that guidance
undermined by the very hospital treating their patients. But
now, some hospitals are taking note.     Across the country, medical centers are hiring executive
chefs, working closely with nutritionists and dietitians, and
striving to ensure that patients with a wide range of dietary
needs and restrictions are getting not only the nourishment
they need while in the hospital, but the information they need
to keep from coming back.    Hospital malnutrition affects 30-50% of patients
worldwide, according to a September 2019 study published in
the Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.    How to prioritize healthy food is a question that chef
Christopher Dickens at Southeast Health in Alabama is also
asking as the hospital and the food facilities go through a
ground-up renovation that’s putting healthier options at the
forefront.     “Our patients can’t choose where they are, how they feel.
They just don’t have a lot of choice,” Dickens said. “If we don’t
do everything in our power to make sure that’s a great
experience, then shame on us.”    He explained that the hospital is trying to move away from
processed foods, refined sugars, and excess oil “so that we can
produce a product that truly helps our patient, and our
community and our staff, with overall health.” Dickens
continued. “People have their preconceived notions of what
hospital food is, and we want to break those. We know that
food is medicine,” said Dickens, “and we need to be ahead of
the curve.”
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/bad-hospital-foodhealthy_n_5e5d3de2c5b63aaf8f5b0390.Mar 16, 2020. Adaptado.
No texto, o excerto que explicita a mudança de atitude de alguns
hospitais, em relação à comida servida aos pacientes, é

Question

The terrible food in hospitals has long been one of the
greatest contradictions in health care. Over the past few
years, several doctors have spoken out about the lack of
healthy food options and how frustrating it can be to tell their
patients to make dietary changes, only to have that guidance
undermined by the very hospital treating their patients. But
now, some hospitals are taking note.     Across the country, medical centers are hiring executive
chefs, working closely with nutritionists and dietitians, and
striving to ensure that patients with a wide range of dietary
needs and restrictions are getting not only the nourishment
they need while in the hospital, but the information they need
to keep from coming back.    Hospital malnutrition affects 30-50% of patients
worldwide, according to a September 2019 study published in
the Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.    How to prioritize healthy food is a question that chef
Christopher Dickens at Southeast Health in Alabama is also
asking as the hospital and the food facilities go through a
ground-up renovation that’s putting healthier options at the
forefront.     “Our patients can’t choose where they are, how they feel.
They just don’t have a lot of choice,” Dickens said. “If we don’t
do everything in our power to make sure that’s a great
experience, then shame on us.”    He explained that the hospital is trying to move away from
processed foods, refined sugars, and excess oil “so that we can
produce a product that truly helps our patient, and our
community and our staff, with overall health.” Dickens
continued. “People have their preconceived notions of what
hospital food is, and we want to break those. We know that
food is medicine,” said Dickens, “and we need to be ahead of
the curve.”
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/bad-hospital-foodhealthy_n_5e5d3de2c5b63aaf8f5b0390.Mar 16, 2020. Adaptado.
No texto, o excerto que explicita a mudança de atitude de alguns
hospitais, em relação à comida servida aos pacientes, é  Alternativa A: “some hospitals are taking note”.  Ou Alternativa B: “the nourishment they need while in the hospital”.  Ou Alternativa C: “Hospital malnutrition affects 30-50% of patients
worldwide”. Ou Alternativa D: “Our patients can´t choose where they are, how they feel”.  Ou Alternativa E: “People have their preconceived notions of what hospital
food is”.

Qconcursos · Accepted Answer

Alternativa [A] “some hospitals are taking note”.  Alternativa correta: A - “some hospitals are taking note”.

1. Tema central da questão
Esta questão avalia sua habilidade de identificar trechos do texto que indicam mudanças de atitude, uma competência fundamental em questões de interpretação de texto (“Reading comprehension”). Saber localizar informações explícitas é essencial para concursos públicos, principalmente quando o enunciado pede para apontar uma mudança, causa ou consequência expressa pelo autor.

2. Teoria e abordagem
Em textos argumentativos ou informativos, como este, o autor frequentemente apresenta um problema e, em seguida, descreve ações, soluções ou mudanças de postura. Para identificar “mudanças de atitude”, busque expressões como are now, have started to, are taking steps, ou similares, que demonstram o início de novas práticas.

3. Justificativa da alternativa correta (A)
O trecho “some hospitals are taking note” indica que alguns hospitais estão percebendo e começando a agir em relação ao problema da alimentação inadequada. “Taking note” sugere atenção e mudança de postura, marcando o início de uma transformação. É essa passagem que responde diretamente ao pedido do enunciado: explicitar mudança de atitude.

4. Análise das alternativas incorretas

B - “the nourishment they need while in the hospital”
  Fala sobre a necessidade dos pacientes, não sobre mudança de atitude dos hospitais.
  C - “Hospital malnutrition affects 30-50% of patients worldwide”
  Apresenta um dado estatístico, apenas apontando o problema, sem indicar mudança.
  D - “Our patients can’t choose where they are, how they feel”
  Trata da falta de escolha dos pacientes, sem relação com a atitude dos hospitais.
  E - “People have their preconceived notions of what hospital food is”
  Refere-se à opinião das pessoas sobre a comida hospitalar, e não a uma mudança de postura institucional.

5. Estratégia de resolução e dicas
Ao interpretar questões desse tipo, foque em verbos ou expressões que indiquem ação, transição ou início de novos comportamentos, pois são pistas para mudanças de atitude. Atenção para não confundir dados, opiniões e descrições de estado com ações de mudança!

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