The tense used in the underlined part of the sentence in the...
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Palestinians in Gaza Reflect on One Year of Israel’s War With Hamas Oct. 7, 2024
The war has killed tens of thousands and devastated entire cities, leaving many in Gaza without a home and fueling a humanitarian catastrophe.
By Bilal Shbair and Hiba Yazbek Reporting from the Gaza Strip and Jerusalem.
Last October, Fadi Abu Kheir of southern Gaza had big plans. He was going to be engaged to the woman he loved. After they got married, he said, they would move in together, into an apartment that he spent years building.
“Now,” Mr. Abu Kheir, 24, said, “I am clueless about my future. I cannot even think how I can adapt to life postwar.”
It has been a year since the Hamas-led terrorist attacks impelled Israel to launch a retaliatory offensive in Gaza. For Mr. Abu Kheir — and, indeed, for Palestinians across the enclave — every day since, he said, has teemed with “sadness, depression and fury.”
The war has killed over 41,000 people, according to Gazan health officials, and devastated entire neighborhoods and cities, leaving hundreds of thousands without a home and fueling a humanitarian catastrophe.
More than 2 million people lived in the strip before the conflict. No one has been unaffected.
“We were so happy before this war,” said Maisaa al-Naffar, 20, of Khan Younis, breaking into tears as she recalled her first few weeks as a newlywed before the war began. She added: “I am not the person I used to be.”
Nine months pregnant, she is sheltering in a tent in southern Gaza.
“I miss my old life. I miss the days when we used to have fun or laugh at even the smallest things.
I miss my life when we had enough healthy food and snacks,”
Ms. al-Naffar said. “Today, everything has become a hell, full of dust and darkness.”
Throughout the enclave, similar stories abound. For Mr. Abu Kheir, the image from the war that lingers is that of a naked, lifeless woman lying in the street, blown out of a house that had been bombarded, he said. The conflict has killed two of his best friends, and displaced him and his family, he said. It also destroyed the apartment he was building, in the southern Gaza city of Rafah. The war, he said, has “destroyed my dreams.”
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Resposta: Alternativa C – Present Perfect Simple
1. Tema central: identificação de tempos verbais em contextos de duração até o momento presente. É essencial reconhecer estruturas como "has/have + past participle" e palavras-chave como since, que frequentemente indicam ligação entre um ponto no passado e a situação atual.
2. Resumo teórico: - Present Perfect Simple = have/has + past participle. Usa-se para ações ou estados que começaram no passado e têm resultado ou duração até o presente (Cambridge Dictionary; Oxford Learner's). - Present Perfect Continuous = have/has + been + verbo-ing; foca na ação contínua/processo que ocorreu e frequentemente ainda ocorre. - Past Perfect = had + past participle; refere-se a um evento concluído antes de outro evento passado. - Simple Present = is/are/am + complemento — descreve fatos habituais, verdades gerais ou estados no presente imediato.
3. Por que a alternativa C está correta: "It has been a year since the Hamas-led terrorist attacks..." apresenta has been, que é have/has + past participle (been), ou seja, Present Perfect Simple. A frase expressa a duração que começou com as ações do passado (os ataques) e se estende até o presente ("a year" = período completado até agora). Exemplos análogos: It has been three hours since we arrived.
4. Por que as outras alternativas estão erradas: - A (Past Perfect): exigiria had been e indicaria uma duração anterior a outro evento passado — não é o caso, pois a referência é do passado até o presente. - B (Present Perfect Continuous): teria a forma has been + verbo‑ing (ex.: has been waiting). Aqui não há verbo no gerúndio; temos o particípio been formando o present perfect simples. - D (Simple Present): embora existam construções como It is a year since… (comum em inglês britânico), o enunciado usa explicitamente has been, que claramente aponta para o Present Perfect Simple — e o sentido é de duração até agora, reforçando o uso do present perfect.
5. Estratégia prática para provas: localize o verbo composto (has/have/ had + palavra) e a presença de since/for. Pergunte: "a ação/estado continua até o presente?" → se sim, present perfect. Verifique a forma: se tem been + -ing → continuous; se tem had → past perfect.
Fontes rápidas: Cambridge Dictionary — Present Perfect; Oxford Learner’s Dictionary — uses of since/for.
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