Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    The ecosystems, biomes and processes that regulate the stability and resilience of the Earth system are under severe pressure. So, it is timely to reflect on how our understanding of tackling environmental problems has shifted, and what factors make for successful outcomes.

    Standard risk management approaches will not be sufficient to address the complex societal, environmental and economic systems and their interactions that characterize nations across the world today. Reducing the loss of biodiversity simply by establishing protected areas will not succeed, when much biodiversity is found in areas under production, both in agriculture and in the seas. Furthermore, as the climate changes, habitat fragmentation restricts species to smaller spaces, reduces genetic variability and stresses ecosystems. Protected areas are important — but are only part of the answer. Innovative ways are needed to integrate development and biodiversity protection. There is a risk of inadvertently making things worse, for example, by expanding agriculture in ways that deplete soils, waste water and increase desertification and deforestation. 

STAP1 analysed 32 climate change mitigation and chemicals and waste management projects worldwide. One such project was based on the “circular economy concept”, which aims to change the linear economic model based on ‘take, make, use, and dispose,’ to a more sustainable model that is restorative and regenerative by design. The concept ensures that the value of products, materials, and resources is maintained in the economy at their highest value and usefulness for as long as possible while minimizing waste.

A circular approach will also yield socio-economic gains. Transitioning to the circular economy in five European countries by 2030, apart from reducing carbon emissions by two-thirds, would also lower business costs and increase the workforce by about 4%, creating more than 1.2 million jobs, including benefits across focal areas — and are ultimately more transformational.  

(https://www thegef.org. Adaptado)

STAP1 Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel — United Nations.