In the text, the quoted speech below, in reported speech, is...
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Ano: 2019
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Bandeirante - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2019 - Prefeitura de Bandeirante - SC - Professor de Inglês |
Q4339336
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A carved rock found in Jordan may be the oldest known chess piece
A palm-sized sandstone object found in 1991 at an Early Islamic trading outpost in what’s
now southern Jordan appears to be the oldest known chess piece.
This roughly 1,300-year-old rectangular piece of rock with two hornlike projections on top
resembles several rooks, also known as castles, that have been found at other Islamic sites in the
region. But those other rooks date to a century or more later, John Oleson, an archaeologist at the
University of Victoria in Canada, said. He presented his analysis of the carved rock on November
21 at the annual meeting of the American Schools of Oriental Research.
Simpler board games than chess go back roughly 4,000 years in Eurasia. Surviving written
accounts indicate that chess originated in India at least 1,400 years ago, Oleson said. Merchants
and diplomats probably carried the game westward. The suspected chess piece, excavated at
Humayma, located on what was once a major trade route, dates to between 680 and 749, when an
Islamic family owned and ran the site.
“Chess became very popular in the early Islamic world,” Oleson said. It also brought together
people with diverse backgrounds. Islamic texts from that time portray chess matches between
Muslims and Christians and between rich and poor players.
Rooks from southwestern Asia in the shape of two-horse chariots date to as early as the late
700s. The two-pronged shape of early Islamic rooks may have been meant to represent such
chariots, Oleson said.
The possibly record-setting Humayma rook is now stored at the University of Victoria. At his
home nearby, Oleson noted ruefully, his 10-year-old grandson regularly beats him at chess.
(Adapted from: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/carved-rock-found-jordan-may-be-oldest-known-chess-piece).
In the text, the quoted speech below, in reported speech, is:
“Chess became very popular in the early Islamic world,” Oleson said.
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