Consider the following afirmatives:

1. The French government supported higher education in engineering.
2. The British government`s attitude helped create autonomous professional societies.
3. The French and the British governments had similar attitudes concerning the development of engineering.
4. The focus of engineering was more scientific in France than in Great Britain.
According to the text:

Question

Engineering and the Industrial Revolution
The first phase of modern engineering emerged in the Scientific Revolution. Galileo`s Two New Sciences, which seeks systematic
explanations and adopts a scientific approach to practical problems, is a landmark regarded by many engineer historians as the
beginning of structural analysis, the mathematical representation and design of building structures. This phase of engineering lasted
through the First Industrial Revolution, when machines, increasingly powered by steam engines, started to replace muscles in most
production. While pulling off the revolution, traditional artisans transformed themselves to modern professionals. The French, more
rationalistic oriented, spearheaded civil engineering with emphasis on mathematics and developed university engineering education
under the sponsorship of their government. The British, more empirically oriented, pioneered mechanical engineering and
autonomous professional societies under the laissez-faire attitude of their government. Gradually, practical thinking became
sicentific in addition to intuitive, as engineers developed mathematical analysis and controlled experiments. Technical training
shifted from apprenticeship to university education. Information flowed more quickly in organized meetings and journal publications
as professional societies emerged.
(www.creating technology.org/history.htm) Consider the following afirmatives:

1. The French government supported higher education in engineering.
2. The British government`s attitude helped create autonomous professional societies.
3. The French and the British governments had similar attitudes concerning the development of engineering.
4. The focus of engineering was more scientific in France than in Great Britain.
According to the text: Alternativa A: Only 1 and 2 are correct. Ou Alternativa B: Only 1 and 3 are correct. Ou Alternativa C: Only 2, 3 and 4 are correct. Ou Alternativa D: Only 1, 2 and 4 are correct. Ou Alternativa E: Only 3 and 4 are correct.

Qconcursos · Accepted Answer

Alternativa [D] Only 1, 2 and 4 are correct. Vamos analisar o gabarito da questão de interpretação de texto referente ao tema "Engineering and the Industrial Revolution". A alternativa correta é a D - Only 1, 2 and 4 are correct.

Tema central da questão: Esta questão avalia a compreensão do aluno sobre o desenvolvimento histórico da engenharia durante a Revolução Industrial, focando nas diferenças entre as abordagens francesa e britânica.

Resumo teórico: O texto descreve como a engenharia evoluiu durante a Revolução Científica e a Primeira Revolução Industrial. Destaca a transição de artesãos para profissionais modernizados e o desenvolvimento de instituições de ensino e sociedades profissionais. As abordagens francesa e britânica são contrastadas, com a França enfatizando a educação universitária e matemática, enquanto o Reino Unido promovia a formação de sociedades profissionais autônomas sob uma política governamental mais liberal.

Justificativa para a alternativa correta (D):

Afirmação 1: "The French government supported higher education in engineering" é correta, pois o texto menciona que a França desenvolveu a educação universitária em engenharia sob o patrocínio do governo.
  Afirmação 2: "The British government’s attitude helped create autonomous professional societies" também é correta, uma vez que o texto afirma que a atitude laissez-faire do governo britânico facilitou o surgimento dessas sociedades.
  Afirmação 4: "The focus of engineering was more scientific in France than in Great Britain" é correta, pois o texto indica que a França tinha uma abordagem mais racional e matemática em comparação com a abordagem empírica britânica.

Análise das alternativas incorretas:

Afirmação 3: "The French and the British governments had similar attitudes concerning the development of engineering" está incorreta. O texto claramente diferencia as abordagens, com a França adotando uma postura patrocinadora e o Reino Unido uma abordagem laissez-faire.

Compreender essas nuances é essencial para a interpretação precisa do texto e a escolha da resposta correta em questões de concursos.

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