Questões de Concurso Público Câmara dos Deputados 2023 para Analista Legislativo - Informática Legislativa - Manhã
Foram encontradas 60 questões
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Informática Legislativa - Manhã |
Q2326035
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text II and answer the question that follow it
Text II
Boy cries Wolf
After astonishing breakthroughs in artificial intelligence,
many people worry that they will end up on the economic
scrapheap. Global Google searches for “is my job safe?” have
doubled in recent months, as people fear that they will be
replaced with large language models (LLMS). Some evidence
suggests that widespread disruption is coming. In a recent paper
Tyna Eloundou of OpenAI and colleagues say that “around 80% of
the US workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks
affected by the introduction of LLMS”. Another paper suggests
that legal services, accountancy and travel agencies will face
unprecedented upheaval.
Economists, however, tend to enjoy making predictions about
automation more than they enjoy testing them. In the early
2010s many of them loudly predicted that robots would kill jobs
by the millions, only to fall silent when employment rates across
the rich world rose to all-time highs. Few of the doom-mongers
have a good explanation for why countries with the highest rates
of tech usage around the globe, such as Japan, Singapore and
South Korea, consistently have among the lowest rates of
unemployment.
Here we introduce our first attempt at tracking AI’s impact on
jobs. Using American data on employment by occupation, we
single out white-collar workers. These include people working in
everything from back-office support and financial operations to
copy-writers. White-collar roles are thought to be especially
vulnerable to generative AI, which is becoming ever better at
logical reasoning and creativity.
However, there is as yet little evidence of an AI hit to
employment. In the spring of 2020 white-collar jobs rose as a
share of the total, as many people in service occupations lost
their job at the start of the covid-19 pandemic. The white-collar
share is lower today, as leisure and hospitality have recovered.
Yet in the past year the share of employment in professions
supposedly at risk from generative AI has risen by half a
percentage point.
It is, of course, early days. Few firms yet use generative-AI
tools at scale, so the impact on jobs could merely be delayed.
Another possibility, however, is that these new technologies will
end up destroying only a small number of roles. While AI may be
efficient at some tasks, it may be less good at others, such as
management and working out what others need.
AI could even have a positive effect on jobs. If workers using
it become more efficient, profits at their company could rise
which would then allow bosses to ramp up hiring. A recent survey
by Experis, an IT-recruitment firm, points to this possibility. More
than half of Britain’s employers expect AI technologies to have a
positive impact on their headcount over the next two years, it
finds.
To see how it all shakes out, we will publish updates to this
analysis every few months. But for now, a jobs apocalypse seems
a way off.
From The Economist June 17th 2023, p. 71
In the last sentence of the first paragraph, when the paper
mentions an “upheaval”, it refers to the possibility of a future
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Informática Legislativa - Manhã |
Q2326036
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text II and answer the question that follow it
Text II
Boy cries Wolf
After astonishing breakthroughs in artificial intelligence,
many people worry that they will end up on the economic
scrapheap. Global Google searches for “is my job safe?” have
doubled in recent months, as people fear that they will be
replaced with large language models (LLMS). Some evidence
suggests that widespread disruption is coming. In a recent paper
Tyna Eloundou of OpenAI and colleagues say that “around 80% of
the US workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks
affected by the introduction of LLMS”. Another paper suggests
that legal services, accountancy and travel agencies will face
unprecedented upheaval.
Economists, however, tend to enjoy making predictions about
automation more than they enjoy testing them. In the early
2010s many of them loudly predicted that robots would kill jobs
by the millions, only to fall silent when employment rates across
the rich world rose to all-time highs. Few of the doom-mongers
have a good explanation for why countries with the highest rates
of tech usage around the globe, such as Japan, Singapore and
South Korea, consistently have among the lowest rates of
unemployment.
Here we introduce our first attempt at tracking AI’s impact on
jobs. Using American data on employment by occupation, we
single out white-collar workers. These include people working in
everything from back-office support and financial operations to
copy-writers. White-collar roles are thought to be especially
vulnerable to generative AI, which is becoming ever better at
logical reasoning and creativity.
However, there is as yet little evidence of an AI hit to
employment. In the spring of 2020 white-collar jobs rose as a
share of the total, as many people in service occupations lost
their job at the start of the covid-19 pandemic. The white-collar
share is lower today, as leisure and hospitality have recovered.
Yet in the past year the share of employment in professions
supposedly at risk from generative AI has risen by half a
percentage point.
It is, of course, early days. Few firms yet use generative-AI
tools at scale, so the impact on jobs could merely be delayed.
Another possibility, however, is that these new technologies will
end up destroying only a small number of roles. While AI may be
efficient at some tasks, it may be less good at others, such as
management and working out what others need.
AI could even have a positive effect on jobs. If workers using
it become more efficient, profits at their company could rise
which would then allow bosses to ramp up hiring. A recent survey
by Experis, an IT-recruitment firm, points to this possibility. More
than half of Britain’s employers expect AI technologies to have a
positive impact on their headcount over the next two years, it
finds.
To see how it all shakes out, we will publish updates to this
analysis every few months. But for now, a jobs apocalypse seems
a way off.
From The Economist June 17th 2023, p. 71
“as yet” in “there is as yet little evidence” (4th paragraph) can be
replaced without significant change of meaning by
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Informática Legislativa - Manhã |
Q2326037
Direito Constitucional
Ingo, de nacionalidade alemã, era casado com Brigitte, de
nacionalidade austríaca. Dessa união, nasceu Júlia, que se
naturalizou mexicana. Ingo tinha um apartamento no Brasil, onde
a família passava férias regularmente e que passou a ser a
residência de Júlia nos três últimos anos, considerando a sua
afinidade com a cultura brasileira.
Com o falecimento de Ingo, Júlia consultou um advogado a respeito da aplicação, ou não, da lei brasileira, na disciplina da sucessão do referido apartamento.
À luz da Constituição da República de 1988, o advogado respondeu corretamente que a sucessão do referido apartamento
Com o falecimento de Ingo, Júlia consultou um advogado a respeito da aplicação, ou não, da lei brasileira, na disciplina da sucessão do referido apartamento.
À luz da Constituição da República de 1988, o advogado respondeu corretamente que a sucessão do referido apartamento
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Informática Legislativa - Manhã |
Q2326038
Direito Constitucional
Pedro, Deputado Federal, recebeu, na última semana, diversos
representantes do funcionalismo público nos segmentos
estadual, distrital e municipal, ocasião em que solicitaram a
apresentação de projeto de lei ordinária dispondo sobre a
disciplina a ser observada pelos entes federativos que
desejassem instituir regimes próprios de previdência social.
Após ouvir todos os segmentos interessados, Pedro concluiu corretamente, à luz da sistemática constitucional, que a proposição
Após ouvir todos os segmentos interessados, Pedro concluiu corretamente, à luz da sistemática constitucional, que a proposição
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Informática Legislativa - Manhã |
Q2326039
Direito Constitucional
Maria, servidora pública federal ocupante de cargo de
provimento efetivo, após cumprir os requisitos para a
aposentadoria voluntária, teve sua aposentadoria deferida pela
autoridade federal competente.
Essa autoridade, seguindo orientação de um assessor, encaminhou ao Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU), dias depois, o processo administrativo que resultou no ato de aposentação. O Tribunal, ao apreciar o caso no ano seguinte, identificou o não preenchimento do requisito do tempo de contribuição mínimo e se negou a realizar o registro do ato, sem ter ouvido previamente Maria.
Considerando os termos dessa narrativa, à luz dos balizamentos estabelecidos pela Constituição da República de 1988, é correto afirmar que
Essa autoridade, seguindo orientação de um assessor, encaminhou ao Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU), dias depois, o processo administrativo que resultou no ato de aposentação. O Tribunal, ao apreciar o caso no ano seguinte, identificou o não preenchimento do requisito do tempo de contribuição mínimo e se negou a realizar o registro do ato, sem ter ouvido previamente Maria.
Considerando os termos dessa narrativa, à luz dos balizamentos estabelecidos pela Constituição da República de 1988, é correto afirmar que