Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês
Foram encontradas 2.206 questões
Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 56 a 60.
Communication Skills
There’s a great deal of talk about the need to be a good communicator in today’s workplace. But what exactly does that mean? Which among the broad set of communication skills do managers need most in their employees? And what can you do to transition from being a good communicator to a great one?
Communication: A case history
As an administrative professional, you’ve always held a highly visible role in the workplace. You have been — and continue to be — the first point of contact for outside parties, such as potential clients, investors, customers and job candidates. All of these people are likely to get their first impression of the company through their interactions with you.
What’s changed? You’re still that vital first point of contact. But increasingly, you are the “go-to” person from beginning to end for a wide range of internal and external contacts. You follow through on tasks ranging from simple information requests to complex research projects. Your wider scope of responsibility and knowledge enables you to handle a constantly growing workload. You may communicate as much in writing as you do verbally, with e-mail communication being a prominent tool.
(www.iaap-hq.org. Adaptado)
No trecho do segundo parágrafo do texto – All of these people are likely to get their first impression of the company through their interactions with you. – a palavra likely indica
Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 56 a 60.
Communication Skills
There’s a great deal of talk about the need to be a good communicator in today’s workplace. But what exactly does that mean? Which among the broad set of communication skills do managers need most in their employees? And what can you do to transition from being a good communicator to a great one?
Communication: A case history
As an administrative professional, you’ve always held a highly visible role in the workplace. You have been — and continue to be — the first point of contact for outside parties, such as potential clients, investors, customers and job candidates. All of these people are likely to get their first impression of the company through their interactions with you.
What’s changed? You’re still that vital first point of contact. But increasingly, you are the “go-to” person from beginning to end for a wide range of internal and external contacts. You follow through on tasks ranging from simple information requests to complex research projects. Your wider scope of responsibility and knowledge enables you to handle a constantly growing workload. You may communicate as much in writing as you do verbally, with e-mail communication being a prominent tool.
(www.iaap-hq.org. Adaptado)
A palavra you que ocorre ao longo do texto refere-se a um leitor ideal, que é um
No trecho do último parágrafo – For large databases, DBA functions will in fact require the full time services of a team of many people. – a expressão in fact indica
No trecho final do segundo parágrafo – … a good database architecture should provide … – a palavra should pode ser corretamente substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
No trecho do segundo parágrafo – …efficiency in meeting user requirements. – considerando-se o contexto, a palavra meeting equivale, em português, a
O trecho do primeiro parágrafo – Since a database system is basically a software system (albeit complex), it too possesses an architecture. – pode ser reescrito, sem alteração de sentido, da seguinte forma:
No segundo parágrafo, o termo while em – GOES satellites are owned and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) while the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) manages the design, development and launch of the spacecraft. – é corretamente substituído por
Supercomputers
One definition for a supercomputer is “the most powerful computer available at any given time.” These machines are used to solve complex problems such as the design of a supersonic aircraft, modeling of global climates, the structure of oil-bearing formations within the Earth, the molecular design of new drugs, or the prediction of complex financial behavior in securities markets. Two of the first supercomputers were the Control Data Corporation CDC 6600 and CDC 7600. Both were developed by Seymour Cray, one of the founders of CDC. In 1972, Cray left to found Cray Research, Inc., and in 1976 developed the Cray-1, generally acknowledged to be the first true supercomputer.
The Cray-1 used high-speed emitter coupled logic (ECL), the fastest (and most power hungry) logic circuits available at the time. The computer was packaged as a 6.5 ft. high cylinder surrounded by a circular seat. Each circuit board was mounted on a copper heat exchanger through which liquid freon was circulated. The total power consumption of the computer was 128 KW! Processing speed was 130 MFLOPS (millions of floating-point operations per second). In all, 63 Cray-1 computers were sold (at a cost of $5.1 million each).
[Extraído de: The 80x86 Family, John Uffenbeck, 2nd Ed., 1998]
Considerando o contexto, o termo “heat exchanger” pode ser corretamente traduzido por
Modem control software has to test the condition of the CTS and DSR signals before transmitting information to the modem. The modem also has to be conditioned by the computer by applying a logic zero on the modem connections DTR and RTS .
If one of the two communications interface adapters discussed earlier in this chapter is used, most of the modem control is already accomplished by these devices. For example, the Intel 8251A has all four of the pin connections required for modem control, while the Motorola MC6850 contains only some of the connections.
[Extraído de: Microprocessors and Peripherals, Barry B. Brey, Maxwell Macmillan International Editions, 1991]
Considerando o seguinte trecho do texto: “most of the modem control is already accomplished by these devices”, uma tradução possível para accomplished, no contexto, é:
Asphalt versus concrete
Which material is better for your project?
Before a public works (or street maintenance, or road repair) department can decide whether to use concrete or asphalt in a specific application, the department manager must arm himself with information to help him make the best choice.
Asphalt is more common for a department to specify than
concrete. “Asphalt over concrete – that’s the standard. It is
what has been done for so long. But because it is the “standard”
doesn’t necessarily make it the best option for all applications.
Concrete may be better in some instances, the first of which is
new construction. In urban metropolitan areas, where new roads
are being built and existing roadways are being expanded, using
concrete may be a good way to minimize future inconvenience.
Funding is a big challenge. People are looking for short-term
fixes, which have a political impact.
Asphalt also can be specified as a long-term solution. Some pavement types must be completely removed and reconstructed when they reach the end of their design life, but total removal and reconstruction due to structural failure of a thick asphalt pavement is rare. With a thick asphalt structure, it is possible to obtain a ‘Perpetual Pavement’ one that can last indefinitely, with the only rehabilitation being milling of the surface followed by an asphalt overlay. Perpetual Pavement is a relatively new type of asphalt concrete pavement designed to resist structural fatigue distress for at least 50 years. Maintenance is limited to replacement of the surface course
(http://www.pwmag.com/bridges/ asphalt-versus-concrete.aspx.20.03.2006.Adaptado)
The term over in – “Asphalt over concrete” – that’s the standard. – means that
In the excerpt of the fourth paragraph – Paramagnetic properties are due to the presence of some unpaired electrons – the expression due to can be replaced, without changing its meaning, for
No trecho do ultimo parágrafo – In addition, workers not actively seeking a job – a expressão in addition pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
No trecho do quinto parágrafo – Brazil’s unemployment rate, however, is not fully comparable to jobless rates in developed countries as a large portion of the population is either underemployed or works informally – a palavra as pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – Brazil’s unemployment rate remains at historically low levels despite sluggish economic activity. – a palavra despite equivale, em português a
Today is the 10th annual World Toilet Day. Sponsored by the Singapore-based World Toilet Organization, the event is meant to build awareness about the risks that lack of sanitation present to the physical, emotional and psychological health of 2.6 billion people around the world. Fortunately, poor sanitation is receiving an increasing amount of attention from NGOs, academics and other problem-solvers around the world. But there isn’t time to waste, since lack of hygiene contributes to diarrheal diseases that claim the lives of 1.5 million poor children each year.
Earlier this year, The Gates Foundation awarded a total of $3 million to researchers at 8 universities as part of its Reinvent the Toilet competition. Unlike the innovations that are taking place with flush toilets, these grants are aimed at designing, developing and prototyping waterless, hygienic toilets that cost less than $0.05 per user per day. The foundation also awarded a $4.8 million grant to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) for a project called Sanitation Ventures. For it, researchers are developing ways to speed up the decomposition process in pit latrines. Organisms such as tiger worms, placed near the surface of the latrines, can effectively increase the speed of composting. Beneath that, in a filtration bed, liquid waste is further treated by aerobic bacteria. The end product is a treated sewage material that can later be used as a fertilizer.
And if that sounds gross, well, get over it. Human-waste-based fertilizer has been used in many parts of the world for centuries. The key is to process it correctly — at the right temperature and for enough time — to ensure that all pathogens are eliminated. In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world is creating an end product with value, such as fertilizer or biochar for energy.
(http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/design-architecture/ safe-sanitation-systems-close-the-loop-on-poop/2084-19/11/2011. Adaptado)
No terceiro parágrafo, a expressão aside from em – In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world… – equivale a
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