Questões de Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary para Concurso

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Q2281246
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: TBG Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Analista Júnior – Ênfase: Auditoria e Compliance | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Analista Júnior – Ênfase: Contábil | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Analista Júnior – Ênfase: Comercialização | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Inspeção | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Ênfase: Desenvolvimento de Software | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Analista Júnior – Ênfase: Gestão | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Analista Júnior – Ênfase: Gestão, Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Projetos e Obras, Elétrica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Manutenção, Mecânica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Operações | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Analista Júnior – Ênfase: Gestão, Meio Ambiente | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro de Segurança Júnior | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Projetos e Obras | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Projetos e Obras, Civil | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Integridade de Dutos | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TBG - Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Manutenção |
Q2281246 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on the vocabulary and linguistic aspects of text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


The word “overshadowed” (first sentence of the second paragraph) means, in the context of text CB1A2-I, “made less noticeable”. 

Alternativas
Q2275207
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: DATAPREV Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - DATAPREV - Auxiliar de Enfermagem do Trabalho |
Q2275207 Inglês
Text CG2A2

    A new study on physical activity that involved more than half a million participants over age 40 found that modest exercise increases life expectancy regardless of weight.
    Contrary to most of the attention given to obesity as the crucial risk factor for health, the study found that an active lifestyle increased life expectancy to a greater extent than a lower body mass index (BMI), in general. In fact, participants who were active but class 1 obese lived an average of 3.1 years longer than those who were at a normal weight but didn’t engage in physical activity. This is in-line with reports from earlier this year that excessive sitting is unhealthy and that reducing excessive sitting to less than 3 hours a day alone can improve longevity by 2.0 years.
    The article states low level of physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity would confer a 1.8-year gain in life expectancy after age 40, compared with no activity. A low level of physical activity is defined as up to 75 minutes of fast walking per week.
    A consequence of this study is that it calls into question the reliance on BMI to assess fitness. That isn’t to suggest that BMI isn’t a factor, but that what we’ve heard for years in the media that being overweight is “bad” for you while exercise is “good” is a flawed message. A better message would be: Regular exercise is essential to longevity and a lower BMI helps too — do the first and the other will likely follow.

Internet:<singularityhub.com>  (adapted).

Concerning grammar and semantics in text CG2A2, judge the following item.



The word “regardless” (in the first paragraph) emphasizes the importance of the element presented after it.

Alternativas
Q2273311
Inglês Tradução | Translation , Verbos | Verbs , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: CPCON Órgão: Prefeitura de Dona Inês - PB Prova: CPCON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Dona Inês - PB - Professor B - Nível - 1 (Licenciatura em Inglês) |
Q2273311 Inglês

TEXT III – Tema: As novas tecnologias na sala de aula de Língua Inglesa

Is Technology Taking Over Classrooms?






(Available from: https://citedatthecrossroads.net/eng101f13/2013/10/27/is-technology-taking-over-classrooms/ Accessed on July 8th , 2023) 


In Text III, the phrasal verb “to take over” means:
Alternativas
Q2264039
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: AMEOSC Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Oeste - SC Prova: AMEOSC - 2023 - Prefeitura de São João do Oeste - SC - Professor de Inglês - Habilitado |
Q2264039 Inglês
CARB LOAD You CAN eat your favourite carbs and still lose weight − thanks to clever hack


(1º§) CRAVING carbs but worried they won't help you hit your weight loss goals? Well, think again - pasta and potatoes don't have to be off the menu, especially thanks to one nifty trick. It all comes down to how you serve and eat them. Instead of piping hot pasta and steaming potatoes, consider letting your carbs cool right down before you eat them. Why? Because cold carbs have a lower glycaemic index.


(2º§) Personal trainer Nick Mitchell, the founder of Ultimate Performance, says: "Foods with a lower glycaemic index can help you lose weight because they make you feel full for longer. "They can also stop the sharp rise and fall of blood sugar levels that result in hunger pangs, which can lead to raiding the cupboard, binge eating and weight gain."


(3º§) Packing your lunch for work? Cook your carbs the night before and eat them cold the next day. Cold pasta or rice salad with lots of veggies, or cold potato salad with creme fraiche rather than mayonnaise, and lots of herbs, are ideal. Some carbs, including beans and potatoes, are also a great source of resistant starch.


(4º§) This kind of starch resists digestion, and acts as a fibre, offering lots of health benefits including providing your gut with prebiotics (great for the good bacteria in your gut). It's also thought it can help reduce inflammation in the body and may help prevent colon/bowel cancer and IBS. Plus, it can help you shed weight too, by helping you feel fuller for longer. Handily, you can boost the resistant starch in your carbs by eating them cold, and this can help you avoid blood sugar spikes too.


(5º§) Carbs often get criticised and sidelined as inherently 'bad', but we really shouldn't demonise them - or food in general. Registered dietitian Megan Hilbert, explains that carbs are essential to our health and wellbeing: "In fact, they are the most important source of energy for our bodies." She says: "They provide fuel for the nervous system, our organs, especially the brain, and muscle tissue.


(6º§) "Carbs have gotten a bad rap over the years but they are important for a ton of functions in the body, like providing a quick source of energy for workouts, fuelling the brain which accounts for 20 per cent of our energy needs, and powering cells in the body to keep us going." So do dodge chips where you can, but when it comes to healthy whole carbs, like brown rice, wholegrains, oats and beans, eat up!

ewweighhthack/esun.co.uk/health/23343505/eat-your-favourite-carbs-lose-weight hack/


Which word from the text can be defined as "favorable or convenient"?
Alternativas
Q2234104
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: FGV Órgão: Banco do Brasil Prova: FGV - 2023 - Banco do Brasil - Analista Tecnológico |
Q2234104 Inglês

Read Text I and answer the question.


Text I

Why We're Obsessed With the Mind-Blowing ChatGPT AI Chatbot

Stephen Shankland

Feb. 19, 2023 5:00 a.m. PT


   This artificial intelligence bot can answer questions, write essays, summarize documents and write software. But deep down, it doesn't know what's true.

     Even if you aren't into artificial intelligence, it's time to pay attention to ChatGPT, because this one is a big deal.

    The tool, from a power player in artificial intelligence called OpenAI, lets you type natural-language prompts. ChatGPT then offers conversational, if somewhat stilted, responses. The bot remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the internet.

     ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there's good training data for it to learn from. It's not omniscient or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than a million people were trying out ChatGPT.

     But be careful, OpenAI warns. ChatGPT has all kinds of potential pitfalls, some easy to spot and some more subtle.

     “It's a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right now,” OpenAI Chief Executive Sam Altman tweeted. “We have lots of work to do on robustness and truthfulness.” […]

        What is ChatGPT?

       ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that's useful.

        For example, you can ask it encyclopedia questions like, “Explain Newton's laws of motion.” You can tell it, "Write me a poem," and when it does, say, "Now make it more exciting." You ask it to write a computer program that'll show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.

       Here's the catch: ChatGPT doesn't exactly know anything. It's an AI that's trained to recognize patterns in vast swaths of text harvested from the internet, then further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, better dialog. The answers you get may sound plausible and even authoritative, but they might well be entirely wrong, as OpenAI warns.

Adapted from: https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/why-were-all-obsessedwith-the-mind-blowing-chatgpt-ai-chatbot/

In if somewhat stilted (2nd paragraph), the author thinks the responses are rather
Alternativas
Respostas
16: C
17: E
18: D
19: C
20: D
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