Questões de Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary para Concurso
Foram encontradas 530 questões
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
MRE
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - MRE - Oficial de Chancelaria |
Q2324507
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A2-I
Languages are more to us than systems of thoughttransference. They are invisible garments that drape themselves
about our spirit and give a predetermined form to all its symbolic
expression. When the expression is of unusual significance, we
call it literature. Art is so personal an expression that we do not
like to feel that it is bound to predetermined form of any sort.
The possibilities of individual expression are infinite, language in
particular is the most fluid of mediums. Yet some limitation there
must be to this freedom, some resistance of the medium.
In great art there is the illusion of absolute freedom. The
formal restraints imposed by the material are not perceived; it is
as though there were a limitless margin of elbow room between
the artist’s fullest utilization of form and the most that the
material is innately capable of. The artist has intuitively
surrendered to the inescapable tyranny of the material, made its
brute nature fuse easily with his conception. The material
“disappears” precisely because there is nothing in the artist’s
conception to indicate that any other material exists. For the time
being, he, and we with him, move in the artistic medium as a fish
moves in the water, oblivious of the existence of an alien
atmosphere. No sooner, however, does the artist transgress the
law of his medium than we realize with a start that there is a
medium to obey.
Language is the medium of literature as marble or bronze
or clay are the materials of the sculptor. Since every language has
its distinctive peculiarities, the innate formal limitations—and
possibilities—of one literature are never quite the same as those
of another. The literature fashioned out of the form and substance
of a language has the color and the texture of its matrix. The
literary artist may never be conscious of just how he is hindered
or helped or otherwise guided by the matrix, but when it is a
question of translating his work into another language, the nature
of the original matrix manifests itself at once. All his effects have
been calculated, or intuitively felt, with reference to the formal
“genius” of his own language; they cannot be carried over
without loss or modification. Croce is therefore perfectly right in
saying that a work of literary art can never be translated.
Nevertheless, literature does get itself translated, sometimes with
astonishing adequacy.
Edward Sapir. Language: an introduction to the study of speech. 1921 (adapted)
Choose the option in which the fragment “No sooner, however,
does the artist transgress the law of his medium than we realize”
(last sentence of the second paragraph of text 1A2-I) is correctly
rewritten, without changing its meaning or harming its
correctness.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Santa Helena - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2023 - Prefeitura de Santa Helena - SC - Professor com Licenciatura Plena em Língua Portuguesa e Estrangeira (Inglês) |
Q2323649
Inglês
Consider the sentence below:
"Her____insights on literature, science, and art left the audience captivated during the intellectual discussion."
Identify the word that best fills the gap above.
"Her____insights on literature, science, and art left the audience captivated during the intellectual discussion."
Identify the word that best fills the gap above.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323333
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
The vessel that is NOT adequate to the mentioned cargo
transport is:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323327
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
In the fragment in the fourth paragraph of the text “While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially, they
are expected to eventually become a common sight in the
world’s oceans”, the word they refers to
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Câmara dos Deputados - Consultor Legislativo - Área I - Manhã |
Q2316206
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text II and answer the question that follows.
Text II
June 15, 2023 - Debates over Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) efforts are currently thriving, including debates over the degree to which corporate diversity efforts are valuable, whether chief diversity officers can succeed, and whether corporate diversity commitments can produce lasting change.
Over the past year, at least a dozen U.S. state legislatures have proposed or passed laws targeting DEI efforts, including laws aimed at limiting DEI roles and efforts in businesses and higher education and laws eliminating DEI spending, trainings, and statements at public institutions. Moreover, with the U.S. Supreme Court poised to address affirmative action in two cases involving the consideration of race in higher education admissions this summer, debates in the U.S. regarding DEI initiatives are likely far from over.
At the same time, DEI-related legal requirements continue to grow in other jurisdictions, and with global financial institutions facing expanding environmental, social, and governance (ESG)- related trends and regulations in the EU and other jurisdictions, as well as global expectations regarding their role in ESG, including DEI-related corporate developments and initiatives, these matters are likely to continue to work their way into capital allocations and the costs of doing business, as well as into the expectations of certain stakeholders.
This widening gap between global expectations and regulation regarding DEI-related matters and the concerns of some constituents in the U.S. over the role of DEI in corporate decision-making is likely to continue growing for the foreseeable future, putting companies between the proverbial rock and hard place.
What these developments make clear is that corporate DEI efforts are, and likely have been for some time, riskier than many companies may initially appreciate. And the risks associated with DEI initiatives are only positioned to grow and expand as companies look to thread the DEI needle and make a broader and potentially more divergent set of stakeholders happy, or at least less annoyed, with their DEI-related commitments and initiatives. In this article, we discuss the top four legal risks that companies often fail to address in their DEI efforts.
[…]
(From https://www.reuters.com/legal/legalindustry/diversity-matters-four-scarylegal-risks-hiding-your-dei-program-2023-06-15/)
The sentence “Putting companies between the proverbial rock
and hard place” (4th paragraph) indicates that the companies
may be in a
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