Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês
Foram encontradas 2.206 questões
Q1201657
Inglês
Windows 2000 suffers millennium bug
Malicious code execution possible thanks to flaw.
Matthew Broersma, Techworld
22 April 2005
Microsoft has confirmed a security flaw in Windows 2000
that could allow attackers to execute malicious code via Windows Explorer and other programs.
The flaw, involving a problem in the way the webvw.dll
library validates document metadata, was disclosed earlier this week by security firm GreyMagic. The flaw could be exploited by distributing a malicious file which, when selected in Windows Explorer, could execute malicious script commands. More dangerously, an attacker could exploit the bug via a document on a remote SMB share, GreyMagic said.
"Script commands that are injected in this manner will
execute as soon as the malicious file is selected in Windows Explorer and will be executed in a trusted context, which means they will have the ability to perform any action the currently logged on user can perform," GreyMagic said in its advisory. "This includes reading, deleting and writing files, as well as executing arbitrary commands."
Microsoft has confirmed that it is investigating the flaw,
and as usual stated that it is not aware that any customers have been affected so far. The company has also criticised GreyMagic for posting proof-of-concept code along with its advisory.
Stephen Toulouse of Microsoft's Security Response
Center (MSRC), in a message posted on the Microsoft TechNet
website, downplayed the danger posed by the flaw. "Significant user interaction would be required for an attacker to exploit this
vulnerability," he wrote. Any attack would rely on Server
Message Block (SMB) communication, which customers should block at the firewall level as a best practice, Toulouse said.
No patch exists, but users can protect themselves by
disabling the "Web view" option in Windows Explorer, Microsoft said. The company said it may patch the bug once its investigation is complete.
The flaw affects Windows 2000 Professional, Server and
Advanced Server versions, GreyMagic said. The affected library, webvw.dll, is used in displaying information in Windows Explorer's preview pane, which is enabled by default in Windows 2000 systems. An input-validation bug means an attacker could inject script commands into the "author" metadata field of a document, which could be executed when the metadata is processed by webvw.dll. Other applications using the library are also affected, GreyMagic said.
"The malicious file does not need to be executed in order
to activate the exploit, double-clicking is not required," the firm said in its advisory. "The exploitation takes place as soon as the file is selected."
GreyMagic said it first notified Microsoft of the flaw on
18 January.
(http://www.techworld.com/security/news/index.cfm?NewsID=3543)
No texto, downplayed significa
No texto, downplayed significa
Q1182542
Inglês
Justice Monitors New Microsoft Software
By Jonathan Krim Washington Post Staff Writer Tuesday, July 20, 2004
The Justice Department has begun looking closely at the next generation of Microsoft’s Windows operating system to ensure that it meets the terms of an antitrust settlement reached with the company more than two years ago.
Renata Hesse, the Justice Department lawyer in charge of monitoring Microsoft’s compliance with the agreement, told a federal judge yesterday that the government wants to look at the software, code-named Longhorn, early enough in its development so that it is not presented as a “fait accompli” that would be easy to change.
Microsoft, which has delayed Longhorn’s rollout, has not said when it will be released as the successor to Windows XP, the current version of the personal-computer operating system. Several industry analysts have predicted introduction of Longhorn in 2006 or possibly 2007, which is when the antitruste settlement is scheduled to expire.
The new operating system probably will showcase na aggressive push by Microsoft on several fronts, including technology for Internet searching, managing multiple homeentertainment devices, and virus scanning and other security measures. The company also has been expanding its efforts to become an industry standard-setter in ...... digital entertainment is protected from illegal copying.
Some of these moves will pit the company against competitors with similar products and will again shine a spotlight on Microsoft’s well-honed strategy of bundling more and more programs into its operating system.
It was the bundling strategy that led to Microsoft’s antitrust troubles. Bundling its Internet Explorer Web browser into Windows all but squashed competition from Netscape Communications Inc.’s Navigator browser, which was the Market leader but often had to be downloaded separately.
(http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/articles/A6285 2-2004jul19.html?referrer=email)
No texto, looking closely (1 o parágrafo, 1 a linha) significa
By Jonathan Krim Washington Post Staff Writer Tuesday, July 20, 2004
The Justice Department has begun looking closely at the next generation of Microsoft’s Windows operating system to ensure that it meets the terms of an antitrust settlement reached with the company more than two years ago.
Renata Hesse, the Justice Department lawyer in charge of monitoring Microsoft’s compliance with the agreement, told a federal judge yesterday that the government wants to look at the software, code-named Longhorn, early enough in its development so that it is not presented as a “fait accompli” that would be easy to change.
Microsoft, which has delayed Longhorn’s rollout, has not said when it will be released as the successor to Windows XP, the current version of the personal-computer operating system. Several industry analysts have predicted introduction of Longhorn in 2006 or possibly 2007, which is when the antitruste settlement is scheduled to expire.
The new operating system probably will showcase na aggressive push by Microsoft on several fronts, including technology for Internet searching, managing multiple homeentertainment devices, and virus scanning and other security measures. The company also has been expanding its efforts to become an industry standard-setter in ...... digital entertainment is protected from illegal copying.
Some of these moves will pit the company against competitors with similar products and will again shine a spotlight on Microsoft’s well-honed strategy of bundling more and more programs into its operating system.
It was the bundling strategy that led to Microsoft’s antitrust troubles. Bundling its Internet Explorer Web browser into Windows all but squashed competition from Netscape Communications Inc.’s Navigator browser, which was the Market leader but often had to be downloaded separately.
(http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/articles/A6285 2-2004jul19.html?referrer=email)
No texto, looking closely (1 o parágrafo, 1 a linha) significa
Ano: 2004
Banca:
ESAF
Órgão:
CGU
Prova:
ESAF - 2004 - CGU - Analista de Finanças e Controle - Comum a todos - Prova 1 |
Q2380
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 24:
Unpicking the fiscal straitjacket
Never has a straitjacket seemed so ill-fitting or so
insecure. The euro area's "stability and growth pact"
was supposed to stop irresponsible member states
from running excessive budget deficits, defined as 3%
of GDP or more. Chief among the restraints was the
threat of large fines if member governments breached
the limit for three years in a row. For some time now,
no one has seriously believed those restraints would
hold. In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th,
the euro's fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the
seams.
The pact's fate was sealed over an extended
dinner meeting of the euro area's 12 finance
ministers. They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
the euro's two largest members, France and
Germany. Both governments ran deficits of more than
3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year.
Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in
2004. Earlier this year, the European Commission,
which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries
an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits back
into line. But it also instructed them to revisit their
budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts. France
was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted
deficit by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Both
resisted.
Nov 27th, 2003
The Economist Global Agenda
to 24:
Unpicking the fiscal straitjacket
Never has a straitjacket seemed so ill-fitting or so
insecure. The euro area's "stability and growth pact"
was supposed to stop irresponsible member states
from running excessive budget deficits, defined as 3%
of GDP or more. Chief among the restraints was the
threat of large fines if member governments breached
the limit for three years in a row. For some time now,
no one has seriously believed those restraints would
hold. In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th,
the euro's fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the
seams.
The pact's fate was sealed over an extended
dinner meeting of the euro area's 12 finance
ministers. They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
the euro's two largest members, France and
Germany. Both governments ran deficits of more than
3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year.
Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in
2004. Earlier this year, the European Commission,
which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries
an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits back
into line. But it also instructed them to revisit their
budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts. France
was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted
deficit by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Both
resisted.
Nov 27th, 2003
The Economist Global Agenda
In "if member states breached the limit" (paragraph 1), "breached" could best be replaced by
Q2242612
Inglês
Texto associado
From the IPO to the First Trade: Is Underpricing Related to the Trading Mechanism?
Sonia Falconieri, Albert Murphy and Daniel Weaver
As documented by a vast empirical literature, IPOs are characterized by underpricing. Most of the theoretical literature has linked the size of underpricing to the IPO procedure used on the primary market. In this paper, by using a matched sample of NYSE and Nasdaq IPOs, we show that the size of underpricing also depends on the trading method used in the IPO aftermarket.
There are two major methods of opening trading of initial public offerings (IPOs) in the U.S. The NYSE is an order-driven market ....56.... a call auction allows supply and demand to be aggregated (at one location) prior to the start of trading. ....57.... , Nasdaq is a quote-driven market. Dealers can only specify their best quotes, and participants have ....58.... idea of supply and demand away from the inside quotes.
We propose a new proxy for ex ante uncertainty of firm value and test it. Our results show that there is a larger level of uncertainty at the beginning of trading on Nasdaq than on the NYSE. This in turn is associated with larger levels of underpricing for Nasdaq IPOs. We suggest that this may be due to the different informational efficiency of the two trading systems.
(http://www.nyse.com/marketinfo/p1020656068262.html?displayPage=% 2Fmarketinfo%2Fmarketinfo.html)
Para responder à questão, assinale, na folha de respostas, a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna do texto apresentado (....57....).
Ano: 2002
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Banco do Brasil
Prova:
CESPE - 2002 - Banco do Brasil - Escriturário |
Q7731
Inglês
Texto associado
Text VII – questions 38 through 40
World Bank Brazil – country brief
1 With an estimated 167 million inhabitants, Brazil has the
largest population in Latin America and ranks sixth in the world. The
majority live in the south-central area, which includes industrial cities
4 such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. 80% of the
population now lives in urban areas. Rapid growth in the urban
population has aided economic development but also created serious
7 problems for major cities.
Brazil’s “miracle years” were in the late 1960s and early 1970s
when double digit-annual growth rates were recorded and the structure
10 of the economy underwent rapid change.
In the 1980s, however, Brazil’s economic performance was
poor in comparison with its potential. Annual Gross Domestic Product
13 (GDP) growth only averaged 1.5 percent over the period from 1980
to 1993. This reflected the economy’s inability to respond to
international events in the late 1970s and the 1980s: the second oil
16 shock; increase in international real interest rates; the Latin American
external debt crisis and the ensuing cutoff of foreign credit and foreign
direct investment. This lack of responsiveness reflected the largely
19 inward-looking policy orientation that had been in place since the
1960s.
Economic flexibility was further impaired by provisions of the
22 1988 Constitution, which introduced significant rigidities in budgeting
and public expenditure. An outcome of these pressures was a steady
rise in the rate of inflation, which reached monthly rates of 50% by the
25 middle of 1994.
Internet: <http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/Exter…/
abe36259ca656c4985256914005207e3?OpenDocumen> (with adaptations).
The sentence "Rapid growth in the urban population has aided economic development but also created serious problems for major cities" (R.5-7) means the same as
World Bank Brazil – country brief
1 With an estimated 167 million inhabitants, Brazil has the
largest population in Latin America and ranks sixth in the world. The
majority live in the south-central area, which includes industrial cities
4 such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. 80% of the
population now lives in urban areas. Rapid growth in the urban
population has aided economic development but also created serious
7 problems for major cities.
Brazil’s “miracle years” were in the late 1960s and early 1970s
when double digit-annual growth rates were recorded and the structure
10 of the economy underwent rapid change.
In the 1980s, however, Brazil’s economic performance was
poor in comparison with its potential. Annual Gross Domestic Product
13 (GDP) growth only averaged 1.5 percent over the period from 1980
to 1993. This reflected the economy’s inability to respond to
international events in the late 1970s and the 1980s: the second oil
16 shock; increase in international real interest rates; the Latin American
external debt crisis and the ensuing cutoff of foreign credit and foreign
direct investment. This lack of responsiveness reflected the largely
19 inward-looking policy orientation that had been in place since the
1960s.
Economic flexibility was further impaired by provisions of the
22 1988 Constitution, which introduced significant rigidities in budgeting
and public expenditure. An outcome of these pressures was a steady
rise in the rate of inflation, which reached monthly rates of 50% by the
25 middle of 1994.
Internet: <http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/Exter…/
abe36259ca656c4985256914005207e3?OpenDocumen> (with adaptations).
The sentence "Rapid growth in the urban population has aided economic development but also created serious problems for major cities" (R.5-7) means the same as
Rapid increase in the population of bigger cities brought about
economical development together with minor problems.
Ano: 2002
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Banco do Brasil
Prova:
CESPE - 2002 - Banco do Brasil - Escriturário |
Q7729
Inglês
Texto associado
Text VII – questions 38 through 40
World Bank Brazil – country brief
1 With an estimated 167 million inhabitants, Brazil has the
largest population in Latin America and ranks sixth in the world. The
majority live in the south-central area, which includes industrial cities
4 such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. 80% of the
population now lives in urban areas. Rapid growth in the urban
population has aided economic development but also created serious
7 problems for major cities.
Brazil’s “miracle years” were in the late 1960s and early 1970s
when double digit-annual growth rates were recorded and the structure
10 of the economy underwent rapid change.
In the 1980s, however, Brazil’s economic performance was
poor in comparison with its potential. Annual Gross Domestic Product
13 (GDP) growth only averaged 1.5 percent over the period from 1980
to 1993. This reflected the economy’s inability to respond to
international events in the late 1970s and the 1980s: the second oil
16 shock; increase in international real interest rates; the Latin American
external debt crisis and the ensuing cutoff of foreign credit and foreign
direct investment. This lack of responsiveness reflected the largely
19 inward-looking policy orientation that had been in place since the
1960s.
Economic flexibility was further impaired by provisions of the
22 1988 Constitution, which introduced significant rigidities in budgeting
and public expenditure. An outcome of these pressures was a steady
rise in the rate of inflation, which reached monthly rates of 50% by the
25 middle of 1994.
Internet: <http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/Exter…/
abe36259ca656c4985256914005207e3?OpenDocumen> (with adaptations).
The sentence "Rapid growth in the urban population has aided economic development but also created serious problems for major cities" (R.5-7) means the same as
World Bank Brazil – country brief
1 With an estimated 167 million inhabitants, Brazil has the
largest population in Latin America and ranks sixth in the world. The
majority live in the south-central area, which includes industrial cities
4 such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. 80% of the
population now lives in urban areas. Rapid growth in the urban
population has aided economic development but also created serious
7 problems for major cities.
Brazil’s “miracle years” were in the late 1960s and early 1970s
when double digit-annual growth rates were recorded and the structure
10 of the economy underwent rapid change.
In the 1980s, however, Brazil’s economic performance was
poor in comparison with its potential. Annual Gross Domestic Product
13 (GDP) growth only averaged 1.5 percent over the period from 1980
to 1993. This reflected the economy’s inability to respond to
international events in the late 1970s and the 1980s: the second oil
16 shock; increase in international real interest rates; the Latin American
external debt crisis and the ensuing cutoff of foreign credit and foreign
direct investment. This lack of responsiveness reflected the largely
19 inward-looking policy orientation that had been in place since the
1960s.
Economic flexibility was further impaired by provisions of the
22 1988 Constitution, which introduced significant rigidities in budgeting
and public expenditure. An outcome of these pressures was a steady
rise in the rate of inflation, which reached monthly rates of 50% by the
25 middle of 1994.
Internet: <http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/Exter…/
abe36259ca656c4985256914005207e3?OpenDocumen> (with adaptations).
The sentence "Rapid growth in the urban population has aided economic development but also created serious problems for major cities" (R.5-7) means the same as
Fast increase in the city populations not only has helped economic
progress, but also brought about serious problems for bigger
urban areas.
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