CRIMINALS HAVE SMALLER BRAIN SIZE, SAYS STUDY

        A new study has found that antisocial people are more likely to have smaller areas of their brain. Researchers said criminals' brains had a different structure to the brains of people who followed the law. The study is published in the journal "Lancet Psychiatry". Researchers used data from 672 people born in 1972-73. They looked at records of the people's antisocial behaviour between the ages of seven and 26. At the age of 45, the researchers scanned the people's brains. Eighty of the people had a history of criminal and antisocial behaviour from being early teenagers. Researchers found that the areas of the brain linked to emotions, motivation and behaviour control were smaller in the long-term criminals' brains. 

        Professor Terrie Moffitt, a co-author of the research, said the research could help doctors understand what is behind long-term antisocial behaviour. She said the antisocial people in the study may have behaved badly because of their brain structure. She said: "They are actually operating under some [disability] at the level of the brain." She added that because of this, we needed to care for these people in a kinder way. Lead author Dr Christina Carlisi said: "Differences in brain structure might make it difficult for people to develop social skills. This may prevent them from engaging in antisocial behaviour. These people could benefit from more support throughout their lives." 

Available on: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2002/200221-brain-size.html Accessed on: March, 20th 2020.

Answers the question according to the text below.

Organ Donation and Transplant  

Instructions: answer the question based on the following text. 

1 The Swansea-based scientist spent years piecing together ____ ancient DNA 2 puzzle that suggests hunting by humans caused this giant seabird's demise.

3 Dr Thomas studied bone and tissue samples from 41 museum specimens

4 during a PhD at both Bangor and Copenhagen University.

5 The findings paint a picture ____ how vulnerable even the most common 

6 species are to human exploitation.

7 Storybook seabird

8 About 80cm (2ft 7in) tall, the stubby-winged and bulbous-billed great auks

9 used to be found all across the north Atlantic - from North America through

10 Greenland, Iceland, Scandinavia and the UK.

11 "Being flightless, they were always targeted ____ local people for food and for 12 their feathers," says Dr Thomas.

13 "But around 1500, when European seamen discovered the rich fishing

14 grounds off Newfoundland, hunting intensified."

15 By about 1850, the great auk was extinct; the last two known specimens were 16 hunted down by fishermen on Eldey Island, off the coast of Iceland.

17 The songbird obsession that became an extinction crisis

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20 One of these signatures might be a lack of genetic diversity, suggesting

21 individuals were inbreeding and the species, as a whole, was becoming

22 vulnerable to disease or environmental change.

23 "But their genetic diversity was very high - all but two sequences we found 

24 were very different," Dr Thomas said.

25 In fact, the genetic timeline Dr Thomas and her colleagues were able to create 26 - published in the journal eLife - showed that, at the time the intensive great 27 auk hunting began, the species was doing "really well".

28 "They weren't at risk of extinction at all," said Dr Thomas.

29 "It emphasizes how vulnerable even the widespread and abundant species

30 are to this intensive, localized pressure."

Source (adapted): https://www.bbc.com/news/scienceenvironment-50563953.