Questões de Concurso Sobre inglês
Foram encontradas 26.157 questões
Ano: 2022
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNICAMP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2022 - UNICAMP - Engenheiro Civil - Edital nº 005 |
Q1880458
Inglês
Leia o anúncio.
The advertisement
Ano: 2022
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNICAMP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2022 - UNICAMP - Engenheiro Civil - Edital nº 005 |
Q1880457
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
When using technology to provide services, practitioner competence and the well-being of the client remain primary. Social workers who use technology to provide services should evaluate their ability to assess the relative benefits and risks of providing social work services using technology (for example, in-person services may be necessary when clients pose a significant risk of self-harm or injurious behavior, are cognitively impaired, require sustained support by a social worker with whom they have an ongoing professional relationship, or are in crisis).
These professionals should also ensure that electronic social work services can be kept confidential. For example, the information provided by the client should only be accessible by those who require access and that the host of the server used for electronic communication agrees to abide by the privacy policies of the social worker. It is important to respect clear professional boundaries – for example, social workers should be mindful of boundary confusion that may result if they disclose personal information about themselves or others in an online setting to which clients have access.
Besides, they should confirm the identity of the client to whom services are provided electronically at the beginning of each contact with the client (examples include confirming a client’s online consent with a telephone call; providing the client with a password, passcode, or image that is specifically for the client’s use when providing consent electronically).
(NASW, ASWB, CSWE, & CS WA Standards for Technology in Social Work
Parctice. www.socialworkers.org, 2017. Pp 11-12. Adaptado)
The term “Besides”, at the beginning of the 3rd paragraph,
establishes between the 2nd and 3rd paragraphs a
relation of
Ano: 2022
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNICAMP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2022 - UNICAMP - Engenheiro Civil - Edital nº 005 |
Q1880456
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
When using technology to provide services, practitioner competence and the well-being of the client remain primary. Social workers who use technology to provide services should evaluate their ability to assess the relative benefits and risks of providing social work services using technology (for example, in-person services may be necessary when clients pose a significant risk of self-harm or injurious behavior, are cognitively impaired, require sustained support by a social worker with whom they have an ongoing professional relationship, or are in crisis).
These professionals should also ensure that electronic social work services can be kept confidential. For example, the information provided by the client should only be accessible by those who require access and that the host of the server used for electronic communication agrees to abide by the privacy policies of the social worker. It is important to respect clear professional boundaries – for example, social workers should be mindful of boundary confusion that may result if they disclose personal information about themselves or others in an online setting to which clients have access.
Besides, they should confirm the identity of the client to whom services are provided electronically at the beginning of each contact with the client (examples include confirming a client’s online consent with a telephone call; providing the client with a password, passcode, or image that is specifically for the client’s use when providing consent electronically).
(NASW, ASWB, CSWE, & CS WA Standards for Technology in Social Work
Parctice. www.socialworkers.org, 2017. Pp 11-12. Adaptado)
Considerando-se o contexto do segundo parágrafo, o termo sublinhado no trecho “It is important to respect clear
professional boundaries” pode ser corretamente traduzido como
Ano: 2022
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNICAMP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2022 - UNICAMP - Engenheiro Civil - Edital nº 005 |
Q1880455
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
When using technology to provide services, practitioner competence and the well-being of the client remain primary. Social workers who use technology to provide services should evaluate their ability to assess the relative benefits and risks of providing social work services using technology (for example, in-person services may be necessary when clients pose a significant risk of self-harm or injurious behavior, are cognitively impaired, require sustained support by a social worker with whom they have an ongoing professional relationship, or are in crisis).
These professionals should also ensure that electronic social work services can be kept confidential. For example, the information provided by the client should only be accessible by those who require access and that the host of the server used for electronic communication agrees to abide by the privacy policies of the social worker. It is important to respect clear professional boundaries – for example, social workers should be mindful of boundary confusion that may result if they disclose personal information about themselves or others in an online setting to which clients have access.
Besides, they should confirm the identity of the client to whom services are provided electronically at the beginning of each contact with the client (examples include confirming a client’s online consent with a telephone call; providing the client with a password, passcode, or image that is specifically for the client’s use when providing consent electronically).
(NASW, ASWB, CSWE, & CS WA Standards for Technology in Social Work
Parctice. www.socialworkers.org, 2017. Pp 11-12. Adaptado)
De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo, no que concerne ao
uso da tecnologia pelo assistente social,
Ano: 2022
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNICAMP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2022 - UNICAMP - Engenheiro Civil - Edital nº 005 |
Q1880454
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
When using technology to provide services, practitioner competence and the well-being of the client remain primary. Social workers who use technology to provide services should evaluate their ability to assess the relative benefits and risks of providing social work services using technology (for example, in-person services may be necessary when clients pose a significant risk of self-harm or injurious behavior, are cognitively impaired, require sustained support by a social worker with whom they have an ongoing professional relationship, or are in crisis).
These professionals should also ensure that electronic social work services can be kept confidential. For example, the information provided by the client should only be accessible by those who require access and that the host of the server used for electronic communication agrees to abide by the privacy policies of the social worker. It is important to respect clear professional boundaries – for example, social workers should be mindful of boundary confusion that may result if they disclose personal information about themselves or others in an online setting to which clients have access.
Besides, they should confirm the identity of the client to whom services are provided electronically at the beginning of each contact with the client (examples include confirming a client’s online consent with a telephone call; providing the client with a password, passcode, or image that is specifically for the client’s use when providing consent electronically).
(NASW, ASWB, CSWE, & CS WA Standards for Technology in Social Work
Parctice. www.socialworkers.org, 2017. Pp 11-12. Adaptado)
O texto trata, principalmente,
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Auditoria
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Redes |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Telecomunicações |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Eletricista |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Aeroespacial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Civil |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Finanças |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Marketing |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Psicologia |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Comercial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Estatística |
Q1877932
Inglês
Texto associado
Early electronic computers such as Colossus made use of
punched tape, a long strip of paper on which data was
represented by a series of holes, a technology now obsolete.
Electronic data storage, which is used in modern computers,
dates from World War II, when a form of delay-line memory was
developed to remove the clutter from radar signals, the first
practical application of which was the mercury delay line. The
first random-access digital storage device was the Williams tube,
based on a standard cathode ray tube, but the information stored
in it was volatile in that it had to be continuously refreshed, and
thus was lost once power was removed. The earliest form of nonvolatile computer storage was the magnetic drum, invented in
1932 and used in the Ferranti Mark 1, the world’s first
commercially available general-purpose electronic computer.
Information Technology. Internet: <en.wikipedia.org> (adapted).
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
According to the text, punched tape is still used nowadays.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Auditoria
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Redes |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Telecomunicações |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Eletricista |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Aeroespacial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Civil |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Finanças |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Marketing |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Psicologia |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Comercial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Estatística |
Q1877930
Inglês
Texto associado
Early electronic computers such as Colossus made use of
punched tape, a long strip of paper on which data was
represented by a series of holes, a technology now obsolete.
Electronic data storage, which is used in modern computers,
dates from World War II, when a form of delay-line memory was
developed to remove the clutter from radar signals, the first
practical application of which was the mercury delay line. The
first random-access digital storage device was the Williams tube,
based on a standard cathode ray tube, but the information stored
in it was volatile in that it had to be continuously refreshed, and
thus was lost once power was removed. The earliest form of nonvolatile computer storage was the magnetic drum, invented in
1932 and used in the Ferranti Mark 1, the world’s first
commercially available general-purpose electronic computer.
Information Technology. Internet: <en.wikipedia.org> (adapted).
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
The verb “removed” (third sentence) can be adequately replaced with taken out.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Auditoria
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Redes |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Telecomunicações |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Eletricista |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Aeroespacial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Civil |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Finanças |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Marketing |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Psicologia |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Comercial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Estatística |
Q1877927
Inglês
Texto associado
Jack Kilby’s revolutionary idea was to make all the
different components of a circuit out of the same flat block of
semiconductor material. Not only would this get rid of wires and
faulty connections, it would make the entire circuit much more
compact. Kilby demonstrated his first “integrated circuit” on
Sept. 12, 1958.
Six months later, in California, another engineer, Robert
Noyce, independently came up with the idea of making an
integrated circuit. Noyce’s chip was better suited to be
manufactured in large numbers, and soon he was part of a young
company called Intel.
Thus was launched a revolution. The first chip-based
computer was the first U.S. Air Force computer, built in 1961.
The true potential of the integrated circuit was shown when
Texas Instruments unveiled the pocket calculator. Previously
calculators had been bulky devices that needed to be plugged in
to electrical mains. The pocket calculator, small enough to hold
in one’s palm, had a chip inside and batteries were adequate to
power it.
Progress was rapid thereafter. Many have already heard of
Moore’s law, which has become a mantra of the digital age. First
put forward by the Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s,
it says that the processing power of a chip doubles every two
years, while the price falls by half. For more than four decades,
Moore’s law has held, driving incredible growth and
miniaturization — and wealth.
The question is whether the semiconductor industry can
sustain this pace. Further increasing the processing power of
chips is proving to be problematic as certain fundamental
physical barriers are being reached. At the same time, new
frontiers are opening up. The quest is on to make chips that are
powered by light instead of electricity, which will enable much
faster computers.
Saswato Das. The Chip that Changed the World. Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
In the third sentence of the fourth paragraph, the pronoun “it” refers to Intel.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Auditoria
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Redes |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Telecomunicações |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Eletricista |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Aeroespacial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Civil |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Finanças |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Marketing |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Psicologia |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Comercial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Estatística |
Q1877926
Inglês
Texto associado
In May 2021, a hole was found in a robotic arm aboard
the International Space Station (ISS). The suspected culprit was a
piece of rogue space junk. While thankfully no astronauts were
injured, it has re-focussed attention on the growing problem of
orbital debris.
How did we get here?
It’s easy to forget that just seven decades ago the Moon
was the only thing orbiting the Earth. On 1 January 2021 there
were 6,542 satellites in orbit. Tellingly, only just over half of
them were active. That’s a lot of useless metal careering around
the planet at 28,000 kph — ten times faster than a bullet.
How bad is the problem?
Very bad and getting worse. Estimates suggest there are
currently half a million pieces of debris the size of a marble or
larger and 100 million pieces of debris above one millimeter
across. Yet only 27,000 pieces are actively tracked by the US
Department of Defense.
What is Kessler syndrome?
It’s a catastrophic chain of events in which a satellite is
shattered by a piece of space junk (or a collision with another
satellite) and the resulting debris destroys more satellites creating
more junk and so on in a never-ending cascade. It’s a domino
effect – one piece falls and then takes the rest with it – and is
named after NASA scientist Donald Kessler, who outlined the
dangers back in 1978.
What can we do about it?
Better regulation of new launches would help, as right
now it’s a bit of a free-for-all. There are existing regulations in
place to try and mitigate the dangers, such as a 25-year de-orbit
rule for missions in low-Earth orbit. However, ESA’s Space
Debris Environment Report says that less than 60 per cent of
those flying in low-Earth orbit currently stick to the rules.
Colin Stuart. Space Junk: Is it a disaster waiting to happen?
Internet: <www.sciencefocus.com> (adapted).
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
The event described in the first paragraph is an example of an effect whose risks were predicted decades ago.
The event described in the first paragraph is an example of an effect whose risks were predicted decades ago.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Auditoria
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Redes |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro de Telecomunicações |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Eletricista |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Aeroespacial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Engenheiro Civil |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Finanças |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Marketing |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Psicologia |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Comercial |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Estatística |
Q1877924
Inglês
Texto associado
In May 2021, a hole was found in a robotic arm aboard
the International Space Station (ISS). The suspected culprit was a
piece of rogue space junk. While thankfully no astronauts were
injured, it has re-focussed attention on the growing problem of
orbital debris.
How did we get here?
It’s easy to forget that just seven decades ago the Moon
was the only thing orbiting the Earth. On 1 January 2021 there
were 6,542 satellites in orbit. Tellingly, only just over half of
them were active. That’s a lot of useless metal careering around
the planet at 28,000 kph — ten times faster than a bullet.
How bad is the problem?
Very bad and getting worse. Estimates suggest there are
currently half a million pieces of debris the size of a marble or
larger and 100 million pieces of debris above one millimeter
across. Yet only 27,000 pieces are actively tracked by the US
Department of Defense.
What is Kessler syndrome?
It’s a catastrophic chain of events in which a satellite is
shattered by a piece of space junk (or a collision with another
satellite) and the resulting debris destroys more satellites creating
more junk and so on in a never-ending cascade. It’s a domino
effect – one piece falls and then takes the rest with it – and is
named after NASA scientist Donald Kessler, who outlined the
dangers back in 1978.
What can we do about it?
Better regulation of new launches would help, as right
now it’s a bit of a free-for-all. There are existing regulations in
place to try and mitigate the dangers, such as a 25-year de-orbit
rule for missions in low-Earth orbit. However, ESA’s Space
Debris Environment Report says that less than 60 per cent of
those flying in low-Earth orbit currently stick to the rules.
Colin Stuart. Space Junk: Is it a disaster waiting to happen?
Internet: <www.sciencefocus.com> (adapted).
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
It can be concluded that in the beginning of the fourth paragraph, “It's” is the contracted form of it has.
It can be concluded that in the beginning of the fourth paragraph, “It's” is the contracted form of it has.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Analista de TI
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Administração |
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Contador |
Q1877608
Inglês
Texto associado
Jack Kilby’s revolutionary idea was to make all the
different components of a circuit out of the same flat block of
semiconductor material. Not only would this get rid of wires and
faulty connections, it would make the entire circuit much more
compact. Kilby demonstrated his first “integrated circuit” on
Sept. 12, 1958.
Six months later, in California, another engineer, Robert
Noyce, independently came up with the idea of making an
integrated circuit. Noyce’s chip was better suited to be
manufactured in large numbers, and soon he was part of a young
company called Intel.
Thus was launched a revolution. The first chip-based
computer was the first U.S. Air Force computer, built in 1961.
The true potential of the integrated circuit was shown when
Texas Instruments unveiled the pocket calculator. Previously
calculators had been bulky devices that needed to be plugged in
to electrical mains. The pocket calculator, small enough to hold
in one’s palm, had a chip inside and batteries were adequate to
power it.
Progress was rapid thereafter. Many have already heard of
Moore’s law, which has become a mantra of the digital age. First
put forward by the Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s,
it says that the processing power of a chip doubles every two
years, while the price falls by half. For more than four decades,
Moore’s law has held, driving incredible growth and
miniaturization — and wealth.
The question is whether the semiconductor industry can
sustain this pace. Further increasing the processing power of
chips is proving to be problematic as certain fundamental
physical barriers are being reached. At the same time, new
frontiers are opening up. The quest is on to make chips that are
powered by light instead of electricity, which will enable much
faster computers.
Saswato Das. The Chip that Changed the World. Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
According to the text, before the pocket calculator, calculators were compact, but did not run on batteries.
According to the text, before the pocket calculator, calculators were compact, but did not run on batteries.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Advogado |
Q1877494
Inglês
Texto associado
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
Jack Kilby’s revolutionary idea was to make all the
different components of a circuit out of the same flat block of
semiconductor material. Not only would this get rid of wires and
faulty connections, it would make the entire circuit much more
compact. Kilby demonstrated his first “integrated circuit” on
Sept. 12, 1958.
Six months later, in California, another engineer, Robert
Noyce, independently came up with the idea of making an
integrated circuit. Noyce’s chip was better suited to be
manufactured in large numbers, and soon he was part of a young
company called Intel.
Thus was launched a revolution. The first chip-based
computer was the first U.S. Air Force computer, built in 1961.
The true potential of the integrated circuit was shown when
Texas Instruments unveiled the pocket calculator. Previously
calculators had been bulky devices that needed to be plugged in
to electrical mains. The pocket calculator, small enough to hold
in one’s palm, had a chip inside and batteries were adequate to
power it.
Progress was rapid thereafter. Many have already heard of
Moore’s law, which has become a mantra of the digital age. First
put forward by the Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s,
it says that the processing power of a chip doubles every two
years, while the price falls by half. For more than four decades,
Moore’s law has held, driving incredible growth and
miniaturization — and wealth.
The question is whether the semiconductor industry can
sustain this pace. Further increasing the processing power of
chips is proving to be problematic as certain fundamental
physical barriers are being reached. At the same time, new
frontiers are opening up. The quest is on to make chips that are
powered by light instead of electricity, which will enable much
faster computers.
Saswato Das. The Chip that Changed the World. Internet: (adapted).
According to the text, the maintenance of the pace of
Moore’s law is at jeopardy due to the laws of physics.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Telebras
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Telebras - Especialista em Gestão de Telecomunicações – Advogado |
Q1877491
Inglês
Texto associado
In May 2021, a hole was found in a robotic arm aboard
the International Space Station (ISS). The suspected culprit was a
piece of rogue space junk. While thankfully no astronauts were
injured, it has re-focussed attention on the growing problem of
orbital debris.
How did we get here?
It’s easy to forget that just seven decades ago the Moon
was the only thing orbiting the Earth. On 1 January 2021 there
were 6,542 satellites in orbit. Tellingly, only just over half of
them were active. That’s a lot of useless metal careering around
the planet at 28,000 kph — ten times faster than a bullet.
How bad is the problem?
Very bad and getting worse. Estimates suggest there are
currently half a million pieces of debris the size of a marble or
larger and 100 million pieces of debris above one millimeter
across. Yet only 27,000 pieces are actively tracked by the US
Department of Defense.
What is Kessler syndrome?
It’s a catastrophic chain of events in which a satellite is
shattered by a piece of space junk (or a collision with another
satellite) and the resulting debris destroys more satellites creating
more junk and so on in a never-ending cascade. It’s a domino
effect – one piece falls and then takes the rest with it – and is
named after NASA scientist Donald Kessler, who outlined the
dangers back in 1978.
What can we do about it?
Better regulation of new launches would help, as right
now it’s a bit of a free-for-all. There are existing regulations in
place to try and mitigate the dangers, such as a 25-year de-orbit
rule for missions in low-Earth orbit. However, ESA’s Space
Debris Environment Report says that less than 60 per cent of
those flying in low-Earth orbit currently stick to the rules.
Colin Stuart. Space Junk: Is it a disaster waiting to happen?
Internet: <www.sciencefocus.com> (adapted).
Considering the text above, judge the following item.
According to the text, regulations related to space debris can
be considered lax at best.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
IBAMA
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - IBAMA - Analista Ambiental - Gestão, Proteção e Controle da Qualidade Ambiental |
Q1875103
Inglês
Texto associado
The European Environment Agency (EEA) has published
a new indicator that tracks findings of pesticides in Europe’s
rivers, lakes and groundwaters. The data, collected from EEA
member countries across Europe, shows the share of water bodies
where excessive levels of pesticides have been recorded from
2013 to 2019.
The new EEA indicator shows that levels of pesticides
exceeding thresholds were measured in a quarter of all reported
monitoring sites in European surface waters in 2019. From 2013
to 2019, this share varied between 13% and 30%. The share for
groundwater with exceedances was considerably lower, at
between 3% and 7%.
In the EU, pesticides are regulated on the basis of high
protection goals for human health and the environment, with
being authorised only after a comprehensive scientific risk
assessment. Nevertheless, pesticide contamination of surface
waters and groundwater can still occur and could affect aquatic
fauna and flora.
Internet: <www.eea.europa.eu> (adapted).
According to the text above, judge the following item.
Contamination by pesticides in European waters is less likely to occur than in other places in the world due to strict control policies.
Contamination by pesticides in European waters is less likely to occur than in other places in the world due to strict control policies.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
IBAMA
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - IBAMA - Analista Ambiental - Gestão, Proteção e Controle da Qualidade Ambiental |
Q1875102
Inglês
Texto associado
The European Environment Agency (EEA) has published
a new indicator that tracks findings of pesticides in Europe’s
rivers, lakes and groundwaters. The data, collected from EEA
member countries across Europe, shows the share of water bodies
where excessive levels of pesticides have been recorded from
2013 to 2019.
The new EEA indicator shows that levels of pesticides
exceeding thresholds were measured in a quarter of all reported
monitoring sites in European surface waters in 2019. From 2013
to 2019, this share varied between 13% and 30%. The share for
groundwater with exceedances was considerably lower, at
between 3% and 7%.
In the EU, pesticides are regulated on the basis of high
protection goals for human health and the environment, with
being authorised only after a comprehensive scientific risk
assessment. Nevertheless, pesticide contamination of surface
waters and groundwater can still occur and could affect aquatic
fauna and flora.
Internet: <www.eea.europa.eu> (adapted).
According to the text above, judge the following item.
From 2013 to 2019, the percentage of sites in European surface waters whose levels of pesticides are above the limits more than doubled.
From 2013 to 2019, the percentage of sites in European surface waters whose levels of pesticides are above the limits more than doubled.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
IBAMA
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - IBAMA - Analista Ambiental - Gestão, Proteção e Controle da Qualidade Ambiental |
Q1875101
Inglês
Texto associado
There’s growing evidence that people and the planet are
increasingly impacted by extreme events. According to the
Fourth National Climate Assessment, published in 2018 by the
U.S. Global Change Research Program, “more frequent and
intense extreme weather and climate-related events, as well as
changes in average climate conditions, are expected to continue
to damage infrastructure, ecosystems, and social systems that
provide essential benefits to communities.”
As the impacts of extreme events continue to mount,
interest has grown in the scientific community to study whether
specific extreme events can be partially attributed to human
activities. With the help of climate models, scientists have
conducted an impressive array of studies, looking for possible
links between human activities and extreme events such as heat
waves, rainfall and flooding events, droughts, storms, and
wildfires. Increasingly, they’re able to draw robust connections.
Internet: <climate.nasa.gov> (adapted).
Judge the following item according to the text above.
Experts predict an abrupt change in climate conditions due to continually harmful human activities.
Experts predict an abrupt change in climate conditions due to continually harmful human activities.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
IBAMA
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - IBAMA - Analista Ambiental - Gestão, Proteção e Controle da Qualidade Ambiental |
Q1875100
Inglês
Texto associado
There’s growing evidence that people and the planet are
increasingly impacted by extreme events. According to the
Fourth National Climate Assessment, published in 2018 by the
U.S. Global Change Research Program, “more frequent and
intense extreme weather and climate-related events, as well as
changes in average climate conditions, are expected to continue
to damage infrastructure, ecosystems, and social systems that
provide essential benefits to communities.”
As the impacts of extreme events continue to mount,
interest has grown in the scientific community to study whether
specific extreme events can be partially attributed to human
activities. With the help of climate models, scientists have
conducted an impressive array of studies, looking for possible
links between human activities and extreme events such as heat
waves, rainfall and flooding events, droughts, storms, and
wildfires. Increasingly, they’re able to draw robust connections.
Internet: <climate.nasa.gov> (adapted).
Judge the following item according to the text above.
The author points out human contributions as a noteworthy reason for the growing number of extreme events.
The author points out human contributions as a noteworthy reason for the growing number of extreme events.
Q1873871
Inglês
Texto associado
Phishing
Imagine that you get an email one morning. It appears
to be from your bank. The email warns that someone
broke into your account. It says that you need to sign
in to check some things. You click the link in the email.
It takes you to a site that looks very much like your
bank’s. You enter your username and password. You
submit the form. You’ve just been phished!
Phishing is a type of attack that happens over the
Internet. Users receive an email or text message that
seems like it came from a trusted source. These users
are being deceived. They are interacting with dangerous hackers. The attackers copy trusted companies.
They send users to web pages that look like the ones
we use everyday. When users login or provide sensitive information, the attackers steal this data.
Attackers want your data for many reasons. They may
use your data to commit identity fraud. This is when
they use your identity to buy something with your credit. Then they receive the goods and you receive the bill.
Or they may want your password to take over a computer network. They may want access to private emails.
They may want customer records. They gain access by
tricking people into giving them their login info.
Some phishing attacks are targeted. A targeted
phishing attack is called a spear phishing attack. These
attacks are dangerous because they are convincing.
The attacker may know the target’s name, address,
or job title. They may have gathered info from social
networks, like the names of friends or family. The
attackers may use this personal information to craft a
believable email. The target will be tricked into clicking a link. The link will send them to a phony website.
This site will look familiar, but it will be a spoofed site
built to steal data. Any data that the target submits
will go to the hacker.
Phishing attacks are dangerous, but you can spot them
if you pay attention. One thing to watch is your address
bar in your browser. Attackers use domains that look
like the ones that we trust, but they are not the same.
For example, in 2016 staffers from Hillary Clinton’s
campaign were spear phished. The attackers used the
domain accounts-google.com. That domain looks like
google.com, but it isn’t the same. When logging into
google, you should always do it from google.com. Likewise, when logging into any account, make sure the
address matches what you expect. If you are unsure,
search for the site and login from the root domain.
An even better way to secure your account against
phishing attacks is to use 2FA: two factor authentication. 2FA means that your account is secured with
two keys. The first is your password. The second key is
a random code that changes every few minutes. This
code may be generated by a 2FA app, like Authy. Or it
can be sent to your cell phone on request. If you activate 2FA on your accounts, an attacker will not be able
to get in even with your password.
Phishing attacks are scary and common. The reason
why they are common is that they are effective. Many
people accept appearances without suspicion. Browsing the Internet safely requires a healthy amount of
suspicion. Not everything is what it appears. Nobody
is trying to give you free money. Don’t trust; verify.
In the sentence “This site will look familiar, but
it will be a spoofed site built to steal data.”, the correct definition for the word spoofed is in which
alternative?
Q1873870
Inglês
Texto associado
Phishing
Imagine that you get an email one morning. It appears
to be from your bank. The email warns that someone
broke into your account. It says that you need to sign
in to check some things. You click the link in the email.
It takes you to a site that looks very much like your
bank’s. You enter your username and password. You
submit the form. You’ve just been phished!
Phishing is a type of attack that happens over the
Internet. Users receive an email or text message that
seems like it came from a trusted source. These users
are being deceived. They are interacting with dangerous hackers. The attackers copy trusted companies.
They send users to web pages that look like the ones
we use everyday. When users login or provide sensitive information, the attackers steal this data.
Attackers want your data for many reasons. They may
use your data to commit identity fraud. This is when
they use your identity to buy something with your credit. Then they receive the goods and you receive the bill.
Or they may want your password to take over a computer network. They may want access to private emails.
They may want customer records. They gain access by
tricking people into giving them their login info.
Some phishing attacks are targeted. A targeted
phishing attack is called a spear phishing attack. These
attacks are dangerous because they are convincing.
The attacker may know the target’s name, address,
or job title. They may have gathered info from social
networks, like the names of friends or family. The
attackers may use this personal information to craft a
believable email. The target will be tricked into clicking a link. The link will send them to a phony website.
This site will look familiar, but it will be a spoofed site
built to steal data. Any data that the target submits
will go to the hacker.
Phishing attacks are dangerous, but you can spot them
if you pay attention. One thing to watch is your address
bar in your browser. Attackers use domains that look
like the ones that we trust, but they are not the same.
For example, in 2016 staffers from Hillary Clinton’s
campaign were spear phished. The attackers used the
domain accounts-google.com. That domain looks like
google.com, but it isn’t the same. When logging into
google, you should always do it from google.com. Likewise, when logging into any account, make sure the
address matches what you expect. If you are unsure,
search for the site and login from the root domain.
An even better way to secure your account against
phishing attacks is to use 2FA: two factor authentication. 2FA means that your account is secured with
two keys. The first is your password. The second key is
a random code that changes every few minutes. This
code may be generated by a 2FA app, like Authy. Or it
can be sent to your cell phone on request. If you activate 2FA on your accounts, an attacker will not be able
to get in even with your password.
Phishing attacks are scary and common. The reason
why they are common is that they are effective. Many
people accept appearances without suspicion. Browsing the Internet safely requires a healthy amount of
suspicion. Not everything is what it appears. Nobody
is trying to give you free money. Don’t trust; verify.
The words sensitive information in the second
paragraph, is closest in meaning to:
Q1873869
Inglês
Texto associado
Phishing
Imagine that you get an email one morning. It appears
to be from your bank. The email warns that someone
broke into your account. It says that you need to sign
in to check some things. You click the link in the email.
It takes you to a site that looks very much like your
bank’s. You enter your username and password. You
submit the form. You’ve just been phished!
Phishing is a type of attack that happens over the
Internet. Users receive an email or text message that
seems like it came from a trusted source. These users
are being deceived. They are interacting with dangerous hackers. The attackers copy trusted companies.
They send users to web pages that look like the ones
we use everyday. When users login or provide sensitive information, the attackers steal this data.
Attackers want your data for many reasons. They may
use your data to commit identity fraud. This is when
they use your identity to buy something with your credit. Then they receive the goods and you receive the bill.
Or they may want your password to take over a computer network. They may want access to private emails.
They may want customer records. They gain access by
tricking people into giving them their login info.
Some phishing attacks are targeted. A targeted
phishing attack is called a spear phishing attack. These
attacks are dangerous because they are convincing.
The attacker may know the target’s name, address,
or job title. They may have gathered info from social
networks, like the names of friends or family. The
attackers may use this personal information to craft a
believable email. The target will be tricked into clicking a link. The link will send them to a phony website.
This site will look familiar, but it will be a spoofed site
built to steal data. Any data that the target submits
will go to the hacker.
Phishing attacks are dangerous, but you can spot them
if you pay attention. One thing to watch is your address
bar in your browser. Attackers use domains that look
like the ones that we trust, but they are not the same.
For example, in 2016 staffers from Hillary Clinton’s
campaign were spear phished. The attackers used the
domain accounts-google.com. That domain looks like
google.com, but it isn’t the same. When logging into
google, you should always do it from google.com. Likewise, when logging into any account, make sure the
address matches what you expect. If you are unsure,
search for the site and login from the root domain.
An even better way to secure your account against
phishing attacks is to use 2FA: two factor authentication. 2FA means that your account is secured with
two keys. The first is your password. The second key is
a random code that changes every few minutes. This
code may be generated by a 2FA app, like Authy. Or it
can be sent to your cell phone on request. If you activate 2FA on your accounts, an attacker will not be able
to get in even with your password.
Phishing attacks are scary and common. The reason
why they are common is that they are effective. Many
people accept appearances without suspicion. Browsing the Internet safely requires a healthy amount of
suspicion. Not everything is what it appears. Nobody
is trying to give you free money. Don’t trust; verify.
Read the article and decide if the statements
below are true ( T ) or false ( F ).
( ) A phishing attack is to trick someone into giving away sensitive data.
( ) To commit identity fraud is a motive for phishing and it is mentioned in the text.
( ) 2FA can protect users from phishing attacks by having two keys to login.
( ) The domain accounts-google.com is used by attackers to phish.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.
( ) A phishing attack is to trick someone into giving away sensitive data.
( ) To commit identity fraud is a motive for phishing and it is mentioned in the text.
( ) 2FA can protect users from phishing attacks by having two keys to login.
( ) The domain accounts-google.com is used by attackers to phish.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.
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