Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 8.692 questões
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São Raimundo das Mangabeiras - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2025 - Prefeitura de São Raimundo das Mangabeiras - MA - Professor 6º ao 9º Ano - Inglês |
Q3979462
Inglês
Read the excerpt from “The Lord of the Rings,
the two towers” by J.R.R. Tolkien and answer
the following questions:
“Well, master, we’re in a fix and no mistake’, said Sam Gamgee. He stood despondently with hunched shoulders beside Frodo, and peered out with puckered eyes into the gloom.”
J. R. R. Tolkien - The Lord of the Rings, the two towers - Book four, Chapter I, The taming of Smeagol. p. 787. HarperCollinsPublisher, 2012.
What option best describes what is said in the excerpt above:
“Well, master, we’re in a fix and no mistake’, said Sam Gamgee. He stood despondently with hunched shoulders beside Frodo, and peered out with puckered eyes into the gloom.”
J. R. R. Tolkien - The Lord of the Rings, the two towers - Book four, Chapter I, The taming of Smeagol. p. 787. HarperCollinsPublisher, 2012.
What option best describes what is said in the excerpt above:
Q3929654
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A3-II
The argument for the existence of life in different places in
the universe can lead to endless and aimless (but fascinating)
speculation. Why assume that aliens so far advanced
technologically are still bound by the chains of aging bodies?
As we see our own technology advancing, and our minds
becoming ever more entangled with digital devices, we can
envision a kind of transhuman future whereby our mind’s
essence, what we (loosely) identify with our inner self and
memories, becomes immaterial, soullike, tethered to reality
through information alone. In his novel 2001: A Space Odyssey,
Arthur C. Clarke speculated that aliens would have broken away
from carbon-based and robotic machine structures so “that the
mind would eventually free itself from matter (…) and if there is
anything beyond that, its name could only be God.”
This is where astrotheology begins, as we envision aliens
as the techno-version of godlike creatures, with the obvious
subtext that one day we are going to get there too. So, not only is
their technology magic to us, but their very existence becomes
equivalent to a supernatural presence — omniscient,
omnipresent, and undetectable by our feeble human senses and
machines. Such aliens are indistinguishable from gods inhabiting
the heavenly realm, being as elusive as countless deities have
been throughout human history. They exist only in that intangible
dimension of faith.
Marcelo Gleiser. The dawn of a mindful universe: a manifesto for humanity’s future.
HarperOne, San Francisco (CA) (adapted).
The main objective of text 1A3-II is to
Q3929651
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A3-II
The argument for the existence of life in different places in
the universe can lead to endless and aimless (but fascinating)
speculation. Why assume that aliens so far advanced
technologically are still bound by the chains of aging bodies?
As we see our own technology advancing, and our minds
becoming ever more entangled with digital devices, we can
envision a kind of transhuman future whereby our mind’s
essence, what we (loosely) identify with our inner self and
memories, becomes immaterial, soullike, tethered to reality
through information alone. In his novel 2001: A Space Odyssey,
Arthur C. Clarke speculated that aliens would have broken away
from carbon-based and robotic machine structures so “that the
mind would eventually free itself from matter (…) and if there is
anything beyond that, its name could only be God.”
This is where astrotheology begins, as we envision aliens
as the techno-version of godlike creatures, with the obvious
subtext that one day we are going to get there too. So, not only is
their technology magic to us, but their very existence becomes
equivalent to a supernatural presence — omniscient,
omnipresent, and undetectable by our feeble human senses and
machines. Such aliens are indistinguishable from gods inhabiting
the heavenly realm, being as elusive as countless deities have
been throughout human history. They exist only in that intangible
dimension of faith.
Marcelo Gleiser. The dawn of a mindful universe: a manifesto for humanity’s future.
HarperOne, San Francisco (CA) (adapted).
In text 1A3-II, the author
Q3929650
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A3-II
The argument for the existence of life in different places in
the universe can lead to endless and aimless (but fascinating)
speculation. Why assume that aliens so far advanced
technologically are still bound by the chains of aging bodies?
As we see our own technology advancing, and our minds
becoming ever more entangled with digital devices, we can
envision a kind of transhuman future whereby our mind’s
essence, what we (loosely) identify with our inner self and
memories, becomes immaterial, soullike, tethered to reality
through information alone. In his novel 2001: A Space Odyssey,
Arthur C. Clarke speculated that aliens would have broken away
from carbon-based and robotic machine structures so “that the
mind would eventually free itself from matter (…) and if there is
anything beyond that, its name could only be God.”
This is where astrotheology begins, as we envision aliens
as the techno-version of godlike creatures, with the obvious
subtext that one day we are going to get there too. So, not only is
their technology magic to us, but their very existence becomes
equivalent to a supernatural presence — omniscient,
omnipresent, and undetectable by our feeble human senses and
machines. Such aliens are indistinguishable from gods inhabiting
the heavenly realm, being as elusive as countless deities have
been throughout human history. They exist only in that intangible
dimension of faith.
Marcelo Gleiser. The dawn of a mindful universe: a manifesto for humanity’s future.
HarperOne, San Francisco (CA) (adapted).
Maintaining the original meaning of text 1A3-II, the fragment
“but their very existence becomes equivalent to a supernatural
presence” (second sentence of the second paragraph) can be
correctly replaced with
Q3929648
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A3-I
Art and technology have long inspired each other, but
recent advancements are driving their fusion like never before.
From AI-generated art and immersive experiences to new
ownership models, the creative landscape is evolving in ways we
could barely imagine a few years ago. This fusion of creativity
and innovation isn’t just adding to the world of art. It’s
redefining it, making us rethink what art can be and who has the
tools to create it. One such innovation is interactive art.
With interactive art, artists can break down traditional
boundaries between the creator and the viewer. Participatory art
involves the audience directly, allowing them to influence the
outcome of the artwork itself. Artists are using technologies like
motion tracking, sensors, and facial recognition to create
installations that change based on viewer movement, expression,
or even mood.
This level of interactivity invites viewers to move from
passive observation to active participation, making them a part of
the artwork’s story. This trend reflects a cultural shift toward
collaboration and personalization, where audiences expect to be
involved in the creative experience. Participatory art installations
are not only transforming gallery experiences but also allowing
viewers to experience art as an unfolding story that changes with
each interaction.
Petra Ivanigova. The Future of Art and Technology:
Key Trends Shaping the Creative Landscape. Internet: <https://medium.com> (adapted).
In the context of text 1A3-I, the pronoun “it” in “redefining it”
(fourth sentence of the first paragraph)
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
UNIFAL-MG
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - UNIFAL-MG - Vestibular |
Q3928900
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A15
Last year, I had a strange dream. My father and I were
walking through a canal with difficulty as thousands of fish were
released around us. In the dream, I knew that the fish thought
they were drowning, as if they had to face death before becoming
adults. The next day, my father told me that when I was three, he
had taken me to see fish being put into a pond. I could not
remember it, but the vision had stayed in my mind. Memories,
like images, can return years later in unexpected ways.
Today, it is common to see old images suddenly appear
online. We spend hours looking at photos that record our daily
lives in ways never seen before. For young people under
twenty-five, who have grown up with social media, childhood is
no longer private or mysterious. According to Kate Eichhorn, a
media historian at the New School, this constant exposure is sure
to affect how identity develops, although we are not yet sure
exactly how.
Eichhorn explains that there are two sides. On the positive
side, children and teenagers have more control than before. In the
past, adults were the ones who decided how childhood should be
remembered, using books, photo albums, or home videos. Today,
young people can create and share their own images without
depending on adults. This gives them the power to tell their own
stories and decide what to remember about their lives.
On the negative side, social media can make it difficult to
leave the past behind. We are not the only ones posting—our
friends and families also share moments of our lives, often
without asking us. This makes it hard to forget mistakes or
change identities. Eichhorn warns that the danger now is not that
childhood disappears, but that it might never end, because the
past is always visible online.
It would, indeed, be surprising if we could see painful
memories as finished and gone. But most difficult experiences
are not captured on screens. Social media shows only part of life,
often the happy or triumphant side, and leaves out the tears and
struggles. What remains online is rarely the full truth, but
fragments that stay with us, shaping how we remember ourselves.
Nausicaa Renner. How Social Media Shapes Our Identity.
Internet:<www.newyorker.com> (adapted).
It is correct to conclude from text 1A15 that what makes it
difficult for young people to “leave the past behind”
(fourth paragraph) is
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
UNIFAL-MG
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - UNIFAL-MG - Vestibular |
Q3928899
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A15
Last year, I had a strange dream. My father and I were
walking through a canal with difficulty as thousands of fish were
released around us. In the dream, I knew that the fish thought
they were drowning, as if they had to face death before becoming
adults. The next day, my father told me that when I was three, he
had taken me to see fish being put into a pond. I could not
remember it, but the vision had stayed in my mind. Memories,
like images, can return years later in unexpected ways.
Today, it is common to see old images suddenly appear
online. We spend hours looking at photos that record our daily
lives in ways never seen before. For young people under
twenty-five, who have grown up with social media, childhood is
no longer private or mysterious. According to Kate Eichhorn, a
media historian at the New School, this constant exposure is sure
to affect how identity develops, although we are not yet sure
exactly how.
Eichhorn explains that there are two sides. On the positive
side, children and teenagers have more control than before. In the
past, adults were the ones who decided how childhood should be
remembered, using books, photo albums, or home videos. Today,
young people can create and share their own images without
depending on adults. This gives them the power to tell their own
stories and decide what to remember about their lives.
On the negative side, social media can make it difficult to
leave the past behind. We are not the only ones posting—our
friends and families also share moments of our lives, often
without asking us. This makes it hard to forget mistakes or
change identities. Eichhorn warns that the danger now is not that
childhood disappears, but that it might never end, because the
past is always visible online.
It would, indeed, be surprising if we could see painful
memories as finished and gone. But most difficult experiences
are not captured on screens. Social media shows only part of life,
often the happy or triumphant side, and leaves out the tears and
struggles. What remains online is rarely the full truth, but
fragments that stay with us, shaping how we remember ourselves.
Nausicaa Renner. How Social Media Shapes Our Identity.
Internet:<www.newyorker.com> (adapted).
In the third paragraph of text 1A15, the pronoun “them”, in “This
gives them the power to tell their own stories and decide what to
remember about their lives” (last sentence), refers to
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
UNIFAL-MG
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - UNIFAL-MG - Vestibular |
Q3928898
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A15
Last year, I had a strange dream. My father and I were
walking through a canal with difficulty as thousands of fish were
released around us. In the dream, I knew that the fish thought
they were drowning, as if they had to face death before becoming
adults. The next day, my father told me that when I was three, he
had taken me to see fish being put into a pond. I could not
remember it, but the vision had stayed in my mind. Memories,
like images, can return years later in unexpected ways.
Today, it is common to see old images suddenly appear
online. We spend hours looking at photos that record our daily
lives in ways never seen before. For young people under
twenty-five, who have grown up with social media, childhood is
no longer private or mysterious. According to Kate Eichhorn, a
media historian at the New School, this constant exposure is sure
to affect how identity develops, although we are not yet sure
exactly how.
Eichhorn explains that there are two sides. On the positive
side, children and teenagers have more control than before. In the
past, adults were the ones who decided how childhood should be
remembered, using books, photo albums, or home videos. Today,
young people can create and share their own images without
depending on adults. This gives them the power to tell their own
stories and decide what to remember about their lives.
On the negative side, social media can make it difficult to
leave the past behind. We are not the only ones posting—our
friends and families also share moments of our lives, often
without asking us. This makes it hard to forget mistakes or
change identities. Eichhorn warns that the danger now is not that
childhood disappears, but that it might never end, because the
past is always visible online.
It would, indeed, be surprising if we could see painful
memories as finished and gone. But most difficult experiences
are not captured on screens. Social media shows only part of life,
often the happy or triumphant side, and leaves out the tears and
struggles. What remains online is rarely the full truth, but
fragments that stay with us, shaping how we remember ourselves.
Nausicaa Renner. How Social Media Shapes Our Identity.
Internet:<www.newyorker.com> (adapted).
According to the ideas of Kate Eichhorn, media historian
mentioned in text 1A15, one of the positive effects of the use of
social media by young people is that they
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
UNIFAL-MG
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - UNIFAL-MG - Vestibular |
Q3928897
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A15
Last year, I had a strange dream. My father and I were
walking through a canal with difficulty as thousands of fish were
released around us. In the dream, I knew that the fish thought
they were drowning, as if they had to face death before becoming
adults. The next day, my father told me that when I was three, he
had taken me to see fish being put into a pond. I could not
remember it, but the vision had stayed in my mind. Memories,
like images, can return years later in unexpected ways.
Today, it is common to see old images suddenly appear
online. We spend hours looking at photos that record our daily
lives in ways never seen before. For young people under
twenty-five, who have grown up with social media, childhood is
no longer private or mysterious. According to Kate Eichhorn, a
media historian at the New School, this constant exposure is sure
to affect how identity develops, although we are not yet sure
exactly how.
Eichhorn explains that there are two sides. On the positive
side, children and teenagers have more control than before. In the
past, adults were the ones who decided how childhood should be
remembered, using books, photo albums, or home videos. Today,
young people can create and share their own images without
depending on adults. This gives them the power to tell their own
stories and decide what to remember about their lives.
On the negative side, social media can make it difficult to
leave the past behind. We are not the only ones posting—our
friends and families also share moments of our lives, often
without asking us. This makes it hard to forget mistakes or
change identities. Eichhorn warns that the danger now is not that
childhood disappears, but that it might never end, because the
past is always visible online.
It would, indeed, be surprising if we could see painful
memories as finished and gone. But most difficult experiences
are not captured on screens. Social media shows only part of life,
often the happy or triumphant side, and leaves out the tears and
struggles. What remains online is rarely the full truth, but
fragments that stay with us, shaping how we remember ourselves.
Nausicaa Renner. How Social Media Shapes Our Identity.
Internet:<www.newyorker.com> (adapted).
In text 1A15, the author mentions that childhood is no longer
private or mysterious for those who grew up with social media.
The main idea behind this statement is that
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 2ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento II |
Q3921816
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Travelling through Brazil and not taking in the variety of
local dishes and tastes of the country’s different regions
definitely makes for an incomplete experience. In the
northern region, for example, strongly influenced by the larger
indigenous presence mixed with European immigration,
local food has evolved to be quite differentiated from that of
other regions. In Brazil, the mixing of several different
peoples over 500 years of history has produced a great mix
of traditions, ingredients and dishes introduced by native and
immigrant populations alike. Brazil’s northern region consists
of the states of Amazonas, Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Tocantins,
Rondônia and Acre. It is also influenced by Portuguese and
African immigrants who arrived in the country since the
beginning of colonisation. However, according to Joseny
Juvito, a chef specialized in northern cuisine, the region
is predominantly indigenous and, therefore, has specific
peculiarities influenced by the fact.
(https://gestaoconteudo.presidencia.gov.br)
No trecho do texto “However, according to Joseny Juvito, a chef
specialized in northern cuisine, the region is predominantly
indigenous”, o termo sublinhado expressa
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 2ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento II |
Q3921815
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Travelling through Brazil and not taking in the variety of
local dishes and tastes of the country’s different regions
definitely makes for an incomplete experience. In the
northern region, for example, strongly influenced by the larger
indigenous presence mixed with European immigration,
local food has evolved to be quite differentiated from that of
other regions. In Brazil, the mixing of several different
peoples over 500 years of history has produced a great mix
of traditions, ingredients and dishes introduced by native and
immigrant populations alike. Brazil’s northern region consists
of the states of Amazonas, Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Tocantins,
Rondônia and Acre. It is also influenced by Portuguese and
African immigrants who arrived in the country since the
beginning of colonisation. However, according to Joseny
Juvito, a chef specialized in northern cuisine, the region
is predominantly indigenous and, therefore, has specific
peculiarities influenced by the fact.
(https://gestaoconteudo.presidencia.gov.br)
No trecho do texto “local food has evolved to be quite
differentiated from that of other regions”, o termo sublinhado
refere-se a
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 2ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento II |
Q3921814
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Travelling through Brazil and not taking in the variety of
local dishes and tastes of the country’s different regions
definitely makes for an incomplete experience. In the
northern region, for example, strongly influenced by the larger
indigenous presence mixed with European immigration,
local food has evolved to be quite differentiated from that of
other regions. In Brazil, the mixing of several different
peoples over 500 years of history has produced a great mix
of traditions, ingredients and dishes introduced by native and
immigrant populations alike. Brazil’s northern region consists
of the states of Amazonas, Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Tocantins,
Rondônia and Acre. It is also influenced by Portuguese and
African immigrants who arrived in the country since the
beginning of colonisation. However, according to Joseny
Juvito, a chef specialized in northern cuisine, the region
is predominantly indigenous and, therefore, has specific
peculiarities influenced by the fact.
(https://gestaoconteudo.presidencia.gov.br)
According to the text, Brazilian northern gastronomy is
notable for its
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 1ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento I |
Q3921757
Inglês
Read the text to answer the question.
The Parintins Festival takes place annually on the last weekend of June, on Tupinambarana Island, located in the middle of the Amazon River. The city of Parintins, in the state of Amazonas, is the stage for this grand spectacle that attracts visitors from all over Brazil and the world.
(https://visitbrasil.com)
The main purpose of the text is to
The Parintins Festival takes place annually on the last weekend of June, on Tupinambarana Island, located in the middle of the Amazon River. The city of Parintins, in the state of Amazonas, is the stage for this grand spectacle that attracts visitors from all over Brazil and the world.
(https://visitbrasil.com)
The main purpose of the text is to
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 1ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento I |
Q3921756
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Fake news typically refers to news stories or headlines
that are deliberately fabricated to mislead1
or manipulate
readers. These stories often look like real news articles
but are entirely made-up or twisted versions of true events,
created with the intention to deceive2
. Fake news is a type
of disinformation: false information that is created with the
intention to mislead. Disinformation includes not only fake
news, but also other types of claims, such as those put out
as government propaganda, or by social media accounts or
brands in order to sell a product or service. Misinformation, on
the other hand, is any kind of false or inaccurate information
— whether it’s shared intentionally or not. People often spread
misinformation because they genuinely believe it’s true and
don’t realize they’re sharing something incorrect.
(www.unicef.org, 10.02.2025. Adaptado.)
1mislead: ludibriar.
2deceive: enganar.
No trecho do texto “Misinformation, on the other hand, is
any kind of false or inaccurate information”, a expressão
sublinhada expressa
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 1ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento I |
Q3921755
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Fake news typically refers to news stories or headlines
that are deliberately fabricated to mislead1
or manipulate
readers. These stories often look like real news articles
but are entirely made-up or twisted versions of true events,
created with the intention to deceive2
. Fake news is a type
of disinformation: false information that is created with the
intention to mislead. Disinformation includes not only fake
news, but also other types of claims, such as those put out
as government propaganda, or by social media accounts or
brands in order to sell a product or service. Misinformation, on
the other hand, is any kind of false or inaccurate information
— whether it’s shared intentionally or not. People often spread
misinformation because they genuinely believe it’s true and
don’t realize they’re sharing something incorrect.
(www.unicef.org, 10.02.2025. Adaptado.)
1mislead: ludibriar.
2deceive: enganar.
A frase do texto “These stories often look like real news
articles” sugere que uma das características das notícias
falsas é:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 1ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento I |
Q3921754
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Fake news typically refers to news stories or headlines
that are deliberately fabricated to mislead1
or manipulate
readers. These stories often look like real news articles
but are entirely made-up or twisted versions of true events,
created with the intention to deceive2
. Fake news is a type
of disinformation: false information that is created with the
intention to mislead. Disinformation includes not only fake
news, but also other types of claims, such as those put out
as government propaganda, or by social media accounts or
brands in order to sell a product or service. Misinformation, on
the other hand, is any kind of false or inaccurate information
— whether it’s shared intentionally or not. People often spread
misinformation because they genuinely believe it’s true and
don’t realize they’re sharing something incorrect.
(www.unicef.org, 10.02.2025. Adaptado.)
1mislead: ludibriar.
2deceive: enganar.
The main purpose of the text is to
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 3ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento III |
Q3921608
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Disinformation1 in public health is a distinct type of information risk which, unlike misinformation2, is created with malicious intent to spread discord, disharmony and mistrust in targets such as government agencies, scientific experts, public health agencies, private sector and law enforcement, among others. The potential impacts of disinformation can be understood through examples during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic had two key elements that created the perfect storm for disinformation to proliferate and spread. First, it rapidly caused global fear, increasing uncertainty and doubt. Second, it occurred at a point in history where people can easily access, create and share information (as well as misinformation and disinformation) widely over the internet, mobile telecommunications, media and social media platforms. As the pandemic took hold, many posts appeared on social media and spread through instant messaging communications, increasing uncertainty about the treatment, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, the usefulness of social distancing, and more. This caused social protest, delayed vaccine uptake and led to higher death rates in some instances.
(https://who.int, 06.02.2024. Adaptado.)
1disinformation: informação falsa criada ou compartilhada com o objetivo de enganar.
2misinformation: informação falsa ou enganosa, mas que é compartilhada sem intenção de enganar.
No excerto do texto “As the pandemic took hold, many
posts appeared on social media and spread through instant
messaging communications, increasing uncertainty about
the treatment, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines,
the usefulness of social distancing, and more”, o trecho
sublinhado, em relação às informações que o antecedem,
expressa
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 3ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento III |
Q3921607
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Disinformation1 in public health is a distinct type of information risk which, unlike misinformation2, is created with malicious intent to spread discord, disharmony and mistrust in targets such as government agencies, scientific experts, public health agencies, private sector and law enforcement, among others. The potential impacts of disinformation can be understood through examples during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic had two key elements that created the perfect storm for disinformation to proliferate and spread. First, it rapidly caused global fear, increasing uncertainty and doubt. Second, it occurred at a point in history where people can easily access, create and share information (as well as misinformation and disinformation) widely over the internet, mobile telecommunications, media and social media platforms. As the pandemic took hold, many posts appeared on social media and spread through instant messaging communications, increasing uncertainty about the treatment, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, the usefulness of social distancing, and more. This caused social protest, delayed vaccine uptake and led to higher death rates in some instances.
(https://who.int, 06.02.2024. Adaptado.)
1disinformation: informação falsa criada ou compartilhada com o objetivo de enganar.
2misinformation: informação falsa ou enganosa, mas que é compartilhada sem intenção de enganar.
No trecho do texto “First, it rapidly caused global fear,
increasing uncertainty and doubt”, o termo “it” refere-se a
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UEA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UEA - Sistema de Ingresso Seriado - 3ª Série do Ensino Médio - Prova de Acompanhamento III |
Q3921606
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Disinformation1 in public health is a distinct type of information risk which, unlike misinformation2, is created with malicious intent to spread discord, disharmony and mistrust in targets such as government agencies, scientific experts, public health agencies, private sector and law enforcement, among others. The potential impacts of disinformation can be understood through examples during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic had two key elements that created the perfect storm for disinformation to proliferate and spread. First, it rapidly caused global fear, increasing uncertainty and doubt. Second, it occurred at a point in history where people can easily access, create and share information (as well as misinformation and disinformation) widely over the internet, mobile telecommunications, media and social media platforms. As the pandemic took hold, many posts appeared on social media and spread through instant messaging communications, increasing uncertainty about the treatment, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, the usefulness of social distancing, and more. This caused social protest, delayed vaccine uptake and led to higher death rates in some instances.
(https://who.int, 06.02.2024. Adaptado.)
1disinformation: informação falsa criada ou compartilhada com o objetivo de enganar.
2misinformation: informação falsa ou enganosa, mas que é compartilhada sem intenção de enganar.
The main purpose of the text is to
Ano: 2025
Banca:
UECE-CEV
Órgão:
UECE
Prova:
UECE-CEV - 2025 - UECE - Prova de Conhecimentos Gerais - 1ª Fase (2º Semestre de 2025) |
Q3902480
Inglês
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Here’s One More Reason to Try to Exercise
Next time you’re feeling the burn during a workout, it might
give you a boost to know that exercise can also be a balm: Research
suggests it is one of the best tools for fighting chronic
inflammation.
Inflammation has emerged as a looming health concern in
recent years — experts say it can be both a cause and a sign of
disease. And while there’s still a lot we don’t know about its
significance, most experts agree that the less chronically inflamed
we are, the healthier we are.
The scientific evidence is also clear that people who are
sedentary tend to have higher levels of inflammation compared to
people who exercise regularly. And when sedentary people start
moving consistently, their inflammation levels generally decline.
Some researchers believe that exercise’s power to fight
inflammation may even be at the heart of why physical activity is so
effective at protecting us against cardiovascular disease, diabetes,
dementia and other chronic diseases.
The growing understanding that exercise and inflammation
are linked has been relatively recent, and this has spurred a boom
of research into the connection, said Dr. Robert Shmerling, a rheumatologist and a medical editor at Harvard Health Publishing.
Here’s what we know — and what it means for you.
While inflammation may seem like a menace, it serves a
vital function in keeping you healthy. For example, after a paper cut
or an ankle sprain, immune cells flood the area, which causes the
surrounding tissue to swell and turn red — this kind of acute
inflammation usually resolves in a few days. A similar process
happens when you get an infection, like a cold or the flu.
But chronic inflammation is a low-grade condition that can
simmer for years. It can begin with an infection or injury, but then
morph into a lingering state, in which the immune system starts
attacking healthy tissue, Dr. Shmerling said. Chronic inflammation
can also be linked to diet, stress, smoking, obesity, sleep quality
and your level of physical activity. And it increases as you age (a
process that researchers call “inflammaging”).
Experts suspect this prolonged immune response may put
you at greater risk for disease, and in some cases, make you feel
fatigued, depressed or foggy. A doctor can usually detect chronic
inflammation through blood tests that measure specific chemicals,
or biomarkers, released by your immune system.
Research suggests that consistent, moderate exercise can
fight inflammation by tamping down on the release of
inflammatory chemicals, and ramping up the release of chemicals
that fight it. Exercise can also lower inflammation indirectly, for
example, by improving sleep quality and lowering stress.
For people who are sedentary, exercise is especially
effective at counteracting inflammation, experts said. Certain kinds
of fat cells have been shown to release chemicals into the blood
that cause low-grade inflammation. When someone who has been
sedentary starts working out consistently, not only does their fat
tissue often shrink, but studies also suggest that the physical
activity might alter their fat cells so they produce fewer
inflammatory substances, Dr. Shmerling said.
Regardless, there’s no downside to someone taking up
exercise, Dr. Shmerling added. “They may get healthier in a hurry,
and it might have nothing to do with inflammation,” he said. “The
outcome is still a positive one.”
While research hasn’t yet given us a prescription for exactly
what kind and how much exercise is most effective for fighting
inflammation, experts share tips for making the most of exercise’s
potential impact on it.
Most moderate-intensity exercise seems to reduce
inflammation in the short term, and the more consistently you
work out, the more you keep chronic inflammation at bay, said Suzi
Hong, a professor at the University of California San Diego’s School
of Public Health. Dr. Hong and her team found that a single,
moderate, 20-minute treadmill workout, such as a brisk walk or jog,
sparked a temporary anti-inflammatory response. If you’re
breathing harder than usual to keep up the pace, and you feel like
you’re putting in moderate effort, she said, you’re probably fighting
inflammation. For lasting benefits, though, you have to make it a
habit.
For starters, resistance training helps to reduce
inflammation-causing fat cells, particularly when combined with
regular aerobic exercise. People with chronic inflammation tend to lose muscle mass more rapidly as they age than those with less
inflammation, so strength training may be especially important for
them to remain mobile and independent. The Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention recommend that adults make time for at
least two strength-training sessions per week.
Chronic stress is another contributor to inflammation, so
finding a workout you enjoy may offer greater anti-inflammatory
benefits by helping to relieve stress. If you’re looking for a place to
start, a large body of research suggests that yoga can help to calm
the nervous system, lower inflammatory markers and lessen
symptoms of diseases associated with chronic inflammation. Avoid
overtraining, since repeated intense workouts without appropriate
recovery can heighten your levels of inflammation and weaken
your immune system.
As with many other aspects of health, moderation and
consistency are keys to getting and staying fit — and to fighting
inflammation for the long haul.
Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/19/
As to recommendations of types of exercises to reduce
chronic inflammation, the text suggests resistance/strength
training specially to people who are losing muscle mass in the
process of aging because this type of exercise would contribute to
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