Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre ensino da língua estrangeira inglesa em inglês

Foram encontradas 2.003 questões

Q3456350 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


Consider these anecdotes:


1. An ESL teacher instructs a group of 7 children every day for 45 minutes. They sing “I’m a Little Teapot” over and over again. Standing, they make gestures to show the tea pouring out. “I’m a little teapot, short and stout, here is my handle, here is my spout. When I get it all steamed up, hear me shout, just tip me over and pour me out”. And then the group starts again…

2. In visiting a class of a successful ESL teacher, you are struck that each activity lasts no more than ten minutes, that children are usually in movement - making something, holding something, moving their hands and walking somewhere.

There are few major contrasts that we can make between child and adult ESL learners. Children are more likely to play with language than adults are. In general, children are more holistic learners who need to use language for authentic communication in ESL classes.

In a children’s class, activities need to be child centered and communication should be authentic. Several themes repeatedly come up:


•  Focus on meaning, not correctness.

•  Focus on the value of the activity, not the value of language.

•  Focus on collaboration and social development.

•  Provide a rich context, including movement, the senses, objects and pictures, and a variety of activities.

•  Teach ESL holistically, integrating the four skills.

•  Treat learners appropriately in the light of their age and interests. •  Treat language as a tool for children to use for their own social and academic ends.


(S. Peck. Developing Children´s Listening and Speaking. IN: Marianne
Cerce-Murcia(ed). Teaching English as a second or foreign language.
Boston, Massachusstes: Heinle&Heinle. 2nd edition. 2001. Adaptado)
Items 1 and 2 in the excerpt represent 
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Q3456347 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


     One of the major foci of applied linguistics scholarship has been the foreign or second language classroom. A glance through the past century or so of language teaching gives us an interesting picture of varied interpretations of the best way to teach a foreign language. As schools of thought have come and gone, so have language teaching trends waxed and waned in popularity.

    Albert Marckwardt (1972) saw these “changing winds and shifting sands” as a cyclical pattern where a new paradigm of teaching methodology emerged about every quarter of a century, with each new method breaking from the old but at the same time taking with it some of the positive aspects of the previous paradigm. One of the best examples of the cyclical nature of methods is seen in the revolutionary Audiolingual Method (ALM) of the late 1940s and 1950s. The ALM borrowed principles and beliefs from its predecessor by almost half a century, the Direct Method, while breaking away entirely from the Grammar-Translation paradigm. Within a short time, however, ALM critics were advocating more attention to rules of language which, to some, smacked a return to Grammar Translation.


(BROWN, H.Douglas. Principles of language learning and teaching.
5th ed. Longman, 2000. Adaptado)
É proposta de sala de aula condizente com o ensino comunicativo de línguas:
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Q3455272 Inglês
_______________ is a teaching approach that caters to the individual needs of students in a classroom. It recognizes that students learn at different paces and have varying strengths and weaknesses. The goal is to personalize learning experiences to ensure all students achieve the same learning objectives.
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Q3455259 Inglês
Considering the Approaches and Methods in English Language Teaching, classify the following statements as true (T) or false (F)
( ) The Direct Method: This method places a greater emphasis on repetitive drills and pronunciation practice. Students are expected to mimic the teacher's pronunciation and practice dialogues until they become automatic. This can be effective for improving fluency and pronunciation, but it can also be quite boring for students.
( ) The Audio-Lingual Method: This method emphasizes spoken language over written language. In the classroom, teachers avoid using the student's native language and instead rely on gestures, visuals, and real-life situations to communicate meaning. This can be a good way to improve speaking and listening skills, but it can be challenging for beginners.
( ) Communicative Language Teaching (CLT): This is the most widely used approach today. It emphasizes using language in real-life situations. Students are encouraged to work together on tasks and projects that require them to use English for a communicative purpose. This approach helps students develop all four language skills (reading, writing, listening, and speaking) in an integrated way.
( ) Task-Based Learning (TBL): This is a methodology that falls under the communicative approach. Students are given activities that they need to complete using English. They can be anything from planning a vacation to solving a problem. This approach helps students develop fluency, accuracy, and problem-solving skills.
The statements, in order, are:
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Q3448505 Inglês

“As duas estratégias de leitura mais citadas pelos estudiosos da habilidade de leitura são: scanning e skimming.”


Paiva, Vera Lúcia Menezes de Oliveira e. Desenvolvendo a habilidade de leitura. In: Paiva, Vera Lúcia Menezes de Oliveira e (org.). Práticas de ensino e aprendizagem de inglês com foco na autonomia. Campinas: Pontes Editores, 2007. p. 133.



Avalie o que se afirma sobre estratégias de leitura que devem ser trabalhadas com as/os estudantes em uma aula de Língua Inglesa.



I - Scanning é uma estratégia de leitura que significa dar uma lida rápida, folhear um livro, catálogo, manual etc., para achar algo específico como uma data, um nome, um número telefônico, um conceito, uma definição.


II - Scanning tem por objetivo a organização e estruturação do processamento cognitivo do texto.


III - Skimming envolve a exploração, pelo estudante, dos aspectos afetivos da interação entre o escritor e o leitor.


IV - Skimming quer dizer que o leitor está em busca do sentido geral do texto, muitas vezes para decidir se vai ler todo o texto de forma mais detalhada.


V - As duas estratégias – scanning e skimming – se excluem, não podem ser utilizadas em um mesmo texto e, além disso, podem ser substituídas pela inferência e pela ativação do conhecimento prévio.



Está correto apenas o que se afirma em 

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Q3448501 Inglês

De acordo com a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), o componente curricular de Língua Inglesa deve garantir aos alunos o desenvolvimento de competências específicas.


Informe se é verdadeiro (V) ou falso (F) o que se afirma sobre as competências de Língua Inglesa para o Ensino Fundamental.



( ) Identificar o lugar de si e o do outro em um mundo plurilíngue e multicultural, refletindo, criticamente, sobre como a aprendizagem da Língua Inglesa contribui para a inserção dos sujeitos no mundo globalizado, inclusive no que concerne ao mundo do trabalho.


( ) Comunicar-se na Língua Inglesa, por meio do uso variado de linguagens em mídias impressas ou digitais, reconhecendo-a como ferramenta de acesso ao conhecimento, de ampliação das perspectivas e de possibilidades para a compreensão dos valores e interesses de outras culturas e para o exercício do protagonismo social.


( ) Identificar diferenças entre a Língua Inglesa e a língua materna/outras línguas, desconsiderando as similaridades, porque elas são facilmente perceptíveis, articulando-as a aspectos sociais, culturais e identitários, em uma relação intrínseca entre língua, cultura e identidade.


( ) Elaborar repertórios linguístico-discursivos da Língua Inglesa, valorizados em diferentes países, de modo a reconhecer a hegemonia linguística como direito e desvalorizar os usos heterogêneos, híbridos e multimodais emergentes nas sociedades contemporâneas.


( ) Utilizar novas tecnologias, com novas linguagens e modos de interação, para pesquisar, selecionar, compartilhar, posicionar-se e produzir sentidos em práticas de letramento na Língua Inglesa, de forma ética, crítica e responsável.


( ) Conhecer diferentes patrimônios culturais, materiais e imateriais, difundidos na Língua Inglesa, com vistas ao exercício da fruição e da ampliação de perspectivas no contato com diferentes manifestações artístico-culturais.



De acordo com as afirmações, a sequência correta é:

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Q3448500 Inglês

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC, 2018) prioriza o foco da função social e política da Língua Inglesa, amplia a visão de letramento e dos multiletramentos e discute abordagens de ensino.



De acordo com a BNCC, quais são os eixos organizadores propostos para o componente Língua Inglesa? 

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Q3439621 Inglês
Leia o texto e responda à próxima questão.


Powerful storm knocks out power to 1.4 million homes in Brazil’s largest city


    SAO PAULO (AP) — Around 1.4 million households in Sao Paulo, Brazil, were without power on Saturday almost 24 hours after a brief but powerful storm swept through South America’s largest metropolis. At least seven people were killed.


    Officials in Sao Paulo state said that record winds of up to 67 mph (108 kph) knocked down transmission lines and destroyed trees, causing severe damage in some parts. The storm also shut down several airports and interrupted water service in several areas, according to the state government.


    Authorities originally expected to restore power within a few hours. But several neighborhoods in the metropolitan area, which is home to 21 million people, were still in the dark on Saturday, and authorities were urging residents to limit their consumption of water.


https://apnews.com. Adaptado. Acesso em 24.04.2025
Even before they start reading the text “Powerful storm knocks out power to 1.4 million homes in Brazil’s largest city”, some students say they will not be able to understand it. And immediately mention the words “knock”, “households” and “swept”, in the headline and the first paragraph.

The literature about teaching reading in a second language mentions a variety of methods and approaches to deal with unknown vocabulary. Materials and teachers may instruct learners to

I. make use of the dictionary: they will not understand the text properly if they do not know all the words in it.
II. look for the pronunciation of the unknown words: the association between sound and spelling always helps comprehension.
III. ignore vocabulary difficulties and focus on grammar: meaning does not derive from words in isolation but from sentence structures.
IV. Pay attention to context and appeal to background knowledge on the subject: making inferences is key to learning a new language. 
V. Concentrate on text meaning rather than word meaning: words may be ignored if not essential to the comprehension of the text’s main points.

A teacher interested in developing their students’ use of reading strategies will, in a reading class with the text “Powerful storm knocks out power to 1.4 million homes in Brazil’s largest city”, focus on the instructions given in items
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Q3439620 Inglês
Leia o texto e responda à próxima questão.


Powerful storm knocks out power to 1.4 million homes in Brazil’s largest city


    SAO PAULO (AP) — Around 1.4 million households in Sao Paulo, Brazil, were without power on Saturday almost 24 hours after a brief but powerful storm swept through South America’s largest metropolis. At least seven people were killed.


    Officials in Sao Paulo state said that record winds of up to 67 mph (108 kph) knocked down transmission lines and destroyed trees, causing severe damage in some parts. The storm also shut down several airports and interrupted water service in several areas, according to the state government.


    Authorities originally expected to restore power within a few hours. But several neighborhoods in the metropolitan area, which is home to 21 million people, were still in the dark on Saturday, and authorities were urging residents to limit their consumption of water.


https://apnews.com. Adaptado. Acesso em 24.04.2025
While preparing reading comprehension exercises on the text, the teacher notes the absolute predominance of verbs in the simple past. However, this is not a language class, but a reading one, and the teacher wouldn’t like to deal with the topic “verbs” in isolation, as followers of structuralism would do. This way, in trying to articulate reading comprehension and linguistic knowledge, in a class on the text “Powerful storm knocks out power to 1.4 million homes in Brazil’s largest city”, the teacher 
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Q3439616 Inglês
Leia o texto.

    Usage and use

    The distinction between language use and language usage was first made by Widdowson. He coined the term usage for language which conformed to pre-established paradigms of language. Usage is independent of context, and is related to language correctness.

     In contrast, use has to do with the speaker’s intention in producing a particular sentence. For example, the sentence “I don’t know what you mean”, said in a particular context, may imply a request for clarification; the same sentence, said in a different way and in a different context, may be an expression of disbelief.

    Most sentences in textbooks and in grammar practices are well-formed sentences. However, can you think of a real-life situation in which a sentence such as “This is my hand” is pronounced?

LEWIS, Michael. The lexical approach. Heinle Cengage, 2010. Adaptado.

Em muitos contextos da escola brasileira permanece forte a herança da tradição estruturalista, focada em usage. Pense em um professor brasileiro formado dentro de tal tradição que, percebendo seus limites para desenvolver a capacidade de o estudante interagir no mundo por meio da língua inglesa, começa a preparar suas aulas sob a ótica de uma abordagem centrada em use. Esse professor, ao final de uma atividade em classe, perguntar-se-ia em primeiro lugar se, em sua aula, 
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Q3439609 Inglês
Leia o seguinte texto que corresponde a uma adaptação de um excerto da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, Brasil, e responda à próxima questão.


     Na perspectiva do ensino de Inglês como Língua Franca, são acolhidos e legitimados os usos que dela fazem falantes espalhados no mundo inteiro, com diferentes repertórios linguísticos e culturais, o que possibilita, por exemplo, questionar a visão de que o único inglês “correto” – e a ser ensinado – é aquele falado por estadunidenses ou britânicos. Mais ainda, o tratamento do inglês como língua franca o desvincula da noção de pertencimento a um determinado território e, consequentemente, a culturas típicas de comunidades específicas, legitimando os usos da língua inglesa em seus contextos locais. Esse entendimento favorece uma educação linguística voltada para a interculturalidade, isto é, para o reconhecimento das (e o respeito às) diferenças, e para a compreensão de como elas são produzidas nas diversas práticas sociais de linguagem, o que favorece a reflexão crítica sobre diferentes modos de ver e de analisar o mundo, o(s) outro(s) e a si mesmo. 

In a certain school in the state of Mato Grosso, the English coordinator determines all English teachers should prepare lessons and activities that incorporate the theme “interculturality”.



Only one of the teachers seems to have adequately understood what the term means, and what BNCC says about ways in which it could be dealt with in the classroom. Mark the alternative describing the proposal by this particular teacher.

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Q3435288 Inglês
"[...] different groups of people, with diverse interests, agendas, and linguistic and cultural repertoires, experience, in their contacts and interactional flows, processes of constituting open and plural identities. This is the scenario of English as a lingua franca, and in it, learning English implies problematizing the different roles of English itself in the world, its values, its reach, and its effects on the relationships between different peoples and peoples, both in contemporary society and from a historical perspective."
Available at: http://basenacionalcomum.mec.gov.br/abase/#fu ndamental/lingua-inglesa


Implication of teaching English as a lingua franca for the approach to beliefs about language:
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Q3435286 Inglês
Which of the following activities is MOST likely to be used in a communicative language teaching classroom?
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Q3435282 Inglês
What is the social use of the expression "ain't" in the English language?
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Q3435278 Inglês
What is the central concept behind Total Physical Response (TPR)?
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Q3435271 Inglês

The communicative approach has been influential in language teaching since the 1970s. It has been credited with helping to improve learners' communicative competence, and it has led to the development of a number of new teaching methods and materials.


Based on the Communicative Approach, identify the alternative that best reflects the emphasis of this approach in language teaching:

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Q3430828 Inglês
Read the text to answer question:


    On January 13, 2025, a bill was signed into law to regulate students’ use of personal portable electronic devices, including cell phones, in public and private schools in Brazil. (Law No. 15,100.) It came into force upon its publication in the January 14 edition of Brazil’s official gazette.


    The law, which applies in elementary, middle, and high schools, prohibits the use of portable electronic devices by students during classes, recess, and breaks. It provides that teachers may allow use of such devices for pedagogical purposes. The law allows their use in cases of danger or emergency. It also permits their use for purposes of ensuring accessibility and inclusion, addressing health conditions, and ensuring fundamental rights. (Arts. 2, 3.)


    The stated purpose of the law is to safeguard the mental, physical, and psychological health of children and adolescents. (Art. 1.) It requires schools to develop strategies to address students’ mental health, including preventing excessive use of devices and inappropriate content. They must also offer training for personnel to detect signs of psychological distress and create spaces to support those suffering mental distress from the excessive use of electronic devices. (Art. 4.)


(Eduardo Soares. Brazil: New Law Prohibits Cell Phone Use in Schools, 2025. Disponível em: https://www.loc.gov/item/globallegal-monitor/2025-02-13/brazil-new-law-prohibits-cell-phone-usein-schools/. Adaptado)
Com relação a Competências Específicas de Língua Inglesa para o Ensino Fundamental, a Lei no 15.100 reforça o seguinte trecho
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Q3430826 Inglês
Read the text and answer question:


    A language ecosystem describes a holistic environment that encourages and extends the learning and application of language beyond the classroom. While an ecosystem is a simple concept, there are a few things to keep in mind. Here are quick tips to get you started.


Tip #1. Go on language missions (gather and utilize resources).


    The concept of exploring is at the center of attention here for good reason. Your mission (should you choose to accept it) is to find and gather resources that are potential candidates for your language ecosystem. It is not unlike going shopping for furniture, in that you want to find items that will match your personal preference and lifestyle in a natural way. As you search for items to “add” to your ecosystem, you will want to consider how well they function in your life or home.


    You might be wondering how one begins a search to find resources. I primarily use search engines, social media, streaming video, and music to look for resources that might work. I am not the only one, however, who has learned to keep an eye out for resources. Since inviting many of my own friends to learn a language with me, many people now send me links to things I might like. 


Tip #2: Join a language-learning network


    Speaking of people, one of the most essential strategies in forming a language ecosystem is finding the right people to join you on your journey. I call this “forming a language learning network.” While fluent speakers are an excellent resource, I also find that fellow language learners, people who are learning the language just like me, are more patient conversation partners. Finally, I often find that people who share my same interests (say, French cooking, for example), can be excellent companions for listening and speaking practice.


(Shane Dixon. The Language Learner Guidebook: Powerful Tools to Help You Conquer Any Language. Edição do Kindle. Adaptado)
Uma atividade comunicativa usando a proposta de Dixon é:
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Q3430820 Inglês
Read the text and answer question:


    A language ecosystem describes a holistic environment that encourages and extends the learning and application of language beyond the classroom. While an ecosystem is a simple concept, there are a few things to keep in mind. Here are quick tips to get you started.


Tip #1. Go on language missions (gather and utilize resources).


    The concept of exploring is at the center of attention here for good reason. Your mission (should you choose to accept it) is to find and gather resources that are potential candidates for your language ecosystem. It is not unlike going shopping for furniture, in that you want to find items that will match your personal preference and lifestyle in a natural way. As you search for items to “add” to your ecosystem, you will want to consider how well they function in your life or home.


    You might be wondering how one begins a search to find resources. I primarily use search engines, social media, streaming video, and music to look for resources that might work. I am not the only one, however, who has learned to keep an eye out for resources. Since inviting many of my own friends to learn a language with me, many people now send me links to things I might like. 


Tip #2: Join a language-learning network


    Speaking of people, one of the most essential strategies in forming a language ecosystem is finding the right people to join you on your journey. I call this “forming a language learning network.” While fluent speakers are an excellent resource, I also find that fellow language learners, people who are learning the language just like me, are more patient conversation partners. Finally, I often find that people who share my same interests (say, French cooking, for example), can be excellent companions for listening and speaking practice.


(Shane Dixon. The Language Learner Guidebook: Powerful Tools to Help You Conquer Any Language. Edição do Kindle. Adaptado)
A proposta de construção de um ecossistema tem como objetivo
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Q3430813 Inglês
Read the text to answer question:


    It is suggested that the field of language teaching has moved away from a reliance on prescriptive methods towards a more nuanced understanding of the complexities of language learning. For example, Richards and Rodgers (1986) note that there have been calls to abandon the search for a single “supermethod” and to instead focus on equipping teachers with “a repertoire of methods and skills that can be used selectively in different contexts”. This reflects a move away from the idea that there is one “right” way to teach language, and towards an approach that values flexibility, adaptability, and a recognition of the diverse contexts in which language learning takes place (Richards, 2001).


    Realistically speaking, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages; up till now, no method has been empirically proven the best for all language educators to blindly adopt without discussion. For example, the current great enthusiasm for (and wide adoption of) the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) method in Egypt can be attributed to the failure of the previously adopted method (i.e. the Grammar-Translation Method) to meet the national language learning goals. It failed to develop a language learner who can communicate properly in English. This does not mean that the CLT will stay forever, especially in this Information and Communication Technology-dominated age (ICT) that has been changing the nature of language and how it should be taught (Abdallah, 2011).


(M. Abdallah, 2024. Disponível em: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED660475.pdf. Adaptado) 
Entre as pistas gráficas presentes no texto, está o uso de aspas nas palavras “supermethod” e “right”. Considerando-se a discussão presente no texto, é correto afirmar que o uso de aspas tem por objetivo
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Respostas
741: C
742: D
743: B
744: C
745: D
746: C
747: B
748: A
749: E
750: D
751: A
752: C
753: C
754: B
755: B
756: C
757: C
758: A
759: D
760: C