The development of language competencies assumes the integration of the four basic skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) in meaningful contexts of language use. Analyze the following statements:
I.The development of critical reading skills involves the student's ability to identify biases, the author's intentions, and the socio-historical context of the text.
II. Written production should be approached as a process-oriented activity, involving stages such as planning, drafting, revising, and rewriting according to the proposed text genre.
III. Listening is a passive process of phonetic decoding that does not require the use of prior knowledge or inferencing by the learner.

Choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT statement(s):

Analise as afirmativas abaixo sobre o tema Vocabulário e Comunicação em Língua Inglesa.

1. Campo Semântico é constituído por um conjunto de palavras relacionadas entre si. Exemplo: tema food (guava, toast, beans, juice).

2. A expressão How are you? é um exemplo de uso cotidiano em língua inglesa.

3. Ao trabalhar vocabulário no Ensino Fundamental, é pedagogicamente mais adequado priorizar a tradução literal de todos os termos.

4. Thanksgiving é um elemento sociocultural de países que tem a Língua Inglesa como segunda língua.

Assinale a alternativa que indica todas as afirmativas corretas.

Identifique abaixo as afirmativas verdadeiras ( V ) e falsas ( F ) sobre os Aspectos Metodológicos do ensino da Língua Inglesa.

( ) No planejamento do ensino de língua inglesa, o principal objetivo é organizar objetivos, conteúdos, métodos e avaliação de forma coerente.

( ) Uma sequência didática caracteriza-se pela aplicação de atividades gramaticais e aleatórias, sem conexão entre si.

( ) No ensino por tarefas, o foco principal está no uso da língua para realizar uma tarefa significativa, e não na explicação prévia de regras gramaticais.

( ) Os recursos digitais, como aplicativos e plataformas educacionais, substituem totalmente o papel do professor no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.

( ) Na avaliação formativa, o feedback contínuo é essencial para orientar o progresso dos alunos durante o processo de aprendizagem.

Assinale a alternativa que indica a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.

A legislação educacional brasileira, por meio das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), orienta a organização do ensino de Língua Inglesa na Educação Básica, especialmente nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental.

Analise as frases abaixo.

A BNCC define o Inglês como língua franca e estabelece competências específicas que visam ao desenvolvimento da comunicação, do pensamento crítico e da consciência ...................................... dos estudantes.

As competências específicas, apresentadas no documento da BNCC, são concretizadas por meio das práticas de linguagem - oralidade, leitura, escrita, escuta e análise .............................. - organizadas em unidades temáticas que articulam aspectos linguísticos, discursivos e socioculturais.

As habilidades descritas no documento da BNCC, indicam progressivamente o que os alunos devem saber e ser capazes de fazer em diferentes contextos de uso da língua, promovendo uma aprendizagem significativa, ......................................... e alinhada às demandas sociais contemporâneas.

Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente as lacunas do texto.

This part of educational process is extremely important and is the most superior method of intellectual education. Learning Activity Planning represents a: 

Language Pedagogy and Teacher Identity:
A Decolonial Lens to English Language Teaching from a Teacher Educator’s Experience
        [...] Identity is a central category in ELT (English Language Teaching). For instance, several studies have been conducted to document English language teachers’ identities (ELTIs) and how they are constructed [...]. However, identity continues to be seen and researched within what Mignolo (2009) labels as the colonial difference. The colonial difference operates by converting differences into values and establishing a hierarchy of human beings ontologically and epistemically. Ontologically, it is assumed that there are inferior human beings. Epistemically, it is assumed that inferior human beings are rationally and aesthetically deficient. 
        In this respect, the ELT field has witnessed how colonial constructions of ELTIs have been combined with factors such as race, gender, ethnicity, class, language, and others [...].
        Therefore, ELP (English Language Pedagogy) is a remnant of coloniality. In particular, ELP in ELT has separated the subjects from their bodies/identitary features and their geographical location regarding the teaching practice [...]. This attempt is evident in the insertion of the notion of competence as the only discourse mostly reproduced in teaching and teacher education. This unidirectional/dimensional discourse is what has caused that “English language teaching and learning identities are more oriented towards that goal of identifying decontextualized forms of being in the field of teaching” (Castañeda-Peña, 2018, p. 18). For instance, Grosfoguel (2010), when discussing coloniality, claims that: “By breaking the link between the subject of enunciation and the ethnic/racial/sexual/gender/epistemic place, Western philosophy and science manage to create a myth about a real universal knowledge that masks, that is, conceals not only the speaker but also the epistemic, geo and body-political place of the structures of colonial power/knowledge from which the subject speaks [...].
        In line with decoloniality by Mignolo and Walsh (2018), we think of ELP otherwise – as “the ongoing serpentine movement toward possibilities of other modes of being, thinking, knowing, sensing, and living”; a movement only possible if those who enact ELP name it, reclaim it, and commit to “changing, disrupting, and dismantling the hegemonic relations” [...].
        Therefore, I would like to resort to intersectionality – the intersection of different identitary features – to allow the recognition of whom we are based on what we do, as “who we are and from where we speak is highly relevant for the intellectual projects we are likely to pursue” (Moya, 2011, p. 79). Intersectionality can assist in claiming agency (Stone-Mediatore, 2003) in spaces and territories where colonial histories have been present [...].
        Intersectional narratives are then discursive representations of experience in which there is conceptual integration among those conversing. In fact, intersectional narratives serve this study to ground concepts and interpretations for “knowledge co-creation, in which researchers and participants develop shared understandings and develop new ideas” (Galafassi et al., 2018, p. 9). This is why intersectional narratives in this study comprise a relevant theoretical construct indispensable to investigating epistemological ruptures [...].
Available in: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/profile/article/view/90754. Acess on: Feb. 10, 2026. (Adapted).
The article states that

Communication Strategies in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context 
        [...] Foreign language learners may encounter various communication problems when their interlanguage is limited. In order to convey their messages and remain in a conversation until their communication goal is achieved, [...] learners need to employ communication strategies, which have been defined generally as device used by second language learners to overcome perceived barriers to achieving specific communication goals [...]. Language learning cannot be separated from its culture. Language is a clear manifestation of culture. A word can have both cognitive meaning and cultural meaning. Cultural meaning refers to words and expressions which represent cultural perception, values and behavior. At discourse level, the link between language, communication and culture is virtually inseparable.
        Miscommunication occurs when one interprets communicative rules of one culture in terms of the rules of another culture. In the process of learning a second language, learners make some errors due to first language interference. By knowing strategies to avoid misinterpretation between different backgrounds of speakers, the problems mentioned before shall be avoided easily. Language teaching at school has traditionally been aimed at developing linguistic competence. Teachers tend to teach grammar and linguistic features without letting their learners practice and improve their communication in English. Probably this is one reason that cause some learners are good in English but they cannot use English orally. This problem may be solved by introducing communication strategies to learners in order to avoid communication problems and equip them with strategies to overcome the problems of speaking that they are dealing with [...].
        Communication strategies are usually associated with spoken language and research has shown that students tend to use various communication strategies when they are unable to express what they want to say because of their lack of resources in their second language (L2) [...]. When learners experience that fluency in their first language (hereafter L1) does not follow the same pattern as their L2, a gap is created in the knowledge of their L2. These gaps can take many forms: a word, a phrase, a structure, a tense marker or an idiom [...]. In order to overcome that gap, learners have two options: they can either leave the original communicative goal or they can try to reach alternative plans and use other linguistic means that they have at their disposal [...]. It is also important to know that culture and language cannot be separated. Therefore, in the context of language teaching, the knowledge of language and its culture need to be taught as well. The role of teachers in introducing communication strategies to students could determine learners’ successfulness in facing problems of communication [...].
        Despite the fact that many [...] researchers lend support to communication strategies training, some opposition to it has been expressed. Bialystok (1990) and Kellerman (1991) argue that one should teach the language itself rather than the strategies. Schmidt (1983) believes that L2 learners develop their strategic competence at the expense of their linguistic competence. According to Skehan (1998), using communication strategies by skilled learners may hinder the development of their interlanguage knowledge resources [...].
Available in: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1129727.pdf. Acess on: Jan. 30, 2026.
According to the text,

        Attitudes to classroom conversation and casual chat have varied over the years. In the heyday of audiolingualism, one writer, Louis Alexander, warned that the traditional conversation lesson is of no value at all if the student is not ready for it. The student must first be trained to use patterns in carefully graded aural-oral drills. Only in this way will he finally learn to speak.The chat stage of the lesson, if it occurred at all, was simply there as a curtain raiser to the main event – the controlled practice of sentence patterns. Until recently, one London language school was still advising its students that the teacher and the student must not chat during the lesson. They must only ask and answer the questions in the book. Chatting is a waste of time. Such a view sits uncomfortably with the finding that conversation, i.e. casual talk that is primarily interpersonal, is by far the most common and the most widespread function of speaking. Moreover, there is a school of thought that argues that, in L1 acquisition, the development of conversational skills precedes the development of language itself. As Evelyn Hatch put it, language learning evolves out oflearning how to carry on conversations, i.e. out of learning how to communicate. By extension, it has been argued that conversation in English as second or foreign language is not the result of language learning, but it is the site where learning occurs. lt is also, of course, a fact that many language learners feel that their most urgent need is to develop conversational competence, and they regularly choose conversation as their principal objective when answering needs analysis surveys. For this reason, many language schools offer conversation classes as a way of complementing more traditional, grammar-focused, classes. However, these offer a challenge to teachers and course designers since it is difficult to plan or programme something as inherently unstructured and spontaneous as casual conversation. As one writer puts it, genuine conversational interactions cannot be the outcome of planned lesson agendas, they have to emerge - and so, by definition, cannot be planned. One way that teachers get round this is to organize conversation classes around a set of themes. Ideally, these should be negotiated with the learners in advance, through the use of a questionnaire or by means of a consensus debate. Themerelated texts can be used to trigger conversation, either in open class or in groups. Or individual students take turns to make a short presentation on the pre-selected topic, which is then followed by open discussion. Pre-planned lesson content can take the form of teaching useful conversational formulas and routines, such as how to open and dose conversations, how to interrupt, change the subject, ask for clarification, and so on.
THORNBURY, Scott. How to Teach Speaking. Cambridge: Longman, 2005, pp. 110-1. (Adapted).
In this excerpt, the author states that “By extension, it has been argued that conversation in English as second or foreign language is not the result of language learning, but it is the site where learning occurs”.
After reading the passage as a whole, choose the best alternative that explains how to cope with this matter. 

The humanistic approach to boost self-confidence in English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ oral skills
        […] Oral communication skills are crucial in the process of learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL), with many students wrestling with a lack of self-confidence when it is time to speak in English, whether in academic or personal situations. Speaking is a skill that requires a high level of self-confidence. Lack of confidence will affect students’ learning process because talking in English requires not being shy or rude.
        Grammar and vocabulary are tools that are often used over fluency and proficiency in traditional methods, which has resulted in this problem. When in educational environments there is a neglect of the socio-emotional part at the time of the teaching-learning process, there is a series of negative consequences, such as introversion and lack of motivation to participate in classes […].
        The central question that this research aims to address is how the Humanistic Approach can be used to enhance learners' selfconfidence in EFL contexts. This research work explores the potential of the humanistic approach to increase the self-confidence of English as a foreign language learner, focusing specifically on the development of their oral skills. By investigating the theoretical underpinnings, methodologies, and teacher perceptions, this study aims to provide educators with information about a type of teaching that will help them approach learners and foster a supportive learner-centered environment that can lead to significant improvements in both confidence and oral skills […].
        In the past, when emphasis began to be placed on teaching English as a foreign language, traditional methods were used, which did not produce results in the emergence of meaningful knowledge, as there was no emphasis on interaction with students and the use of appropriate strategies for teaching a new language [...].
        The humanistic approach, based on the principles of empathy, individualization and self-realization, offers a transformative way to address these challenges. By placing the learner at the center of the educational process and fostering an environment of trust and encouragement, this approach emphasizes emotional well-being in language acquisition [...].
        Humanistic Approach, rooted in the principles of Carl Rogers (1969), emphasizes a holistic teaching methodology, focused on fostering a supportive, inclusive and learner-centered learning environment. This approach focuses on students as the authors of their own knowledge, with students having the agency to explore and acquire meaningful knowledge according to their experiences, with the teacher being more of a guide who provides instructions and creates an appropriate and harmonious environment for an effective teaching and learning process, taking into account the affective and social needs of each individual […]. 
Available in: https://repositorio.upse.edu.ec/items/5caf2c50-6627-4f44-87f2-9220acfb1cc8. Acess on: Jan. 25, 2026.
According to the text, 

    lt is often a delicate decision as to how to provide learners with feedback on their errors when their attention is primarily focused on the content of what they are saying, rather than on the way they are saying it. Interrupting learners ‘in full flight’ to give them corrections seems to run counter to the need to let them experience autonomy. If the teacher is constantly intervening to assist their performance, whether by providing unknown words or correcting their errors, they can hardly be said to be self-regulating. And it may have the counterproductive effect of inhibiting fluency by forcing learners’ attention on to accuracy. Nevertheless, many teachers feel uncomfortable about ‘letting errors go’, even in fluency activities, and there is support for the view that maintaining a focus on form – that is, on formal accuracy – is good for learners in the long run. lt is important, therefore, that such a focus should be effected at minimal cost to the speaker’s sense of being in control. What is agreed is that in cases of correction of oral fluency, the teacher’s corrections, while explicit, are unobtrusive, and these are picked up by the learners with no real loss of fluency: ln the above extract, the teacher's interventions should be economical and effective, and the conversational flow should not threatened. However, it could be argued that such overt monitoring deprives the learners of opportunities to take more responsibility for their own monitoring and selfrepair. This is especially the case with regard to their mistakes, as opposed to their errors. By mistake is meant the learners’ momentary failure to apply what they already know, due mainly to the demands of online processing. An error, on the other hand, represents a gap in the speaker’s knowledge of the system. Mistakes can usually be self-corrected, but errors cannot. A deft hint to the learner that they have used a present verb form instead of a past one, for example, may be all that is needed to encourage selfcorrection. And self-correction, even if prompted by the teacher, is one step nearer self-regulation and the ultimate goal of full autonomy. Sometimes, however, the learner’s message is simply unintelligible, and some kind of more obtrusive intervention is necessary to repair the breakdown. ln this case, an intervention that is perceived by the learner as repair is likely to be less inhibiting than one that is perceived of as correction. Repair is facilitative, while correction can be construed negatively, as judgmental. In repairing, the teacher's intervention takes the form of a conversational repair, one that is consistent with the meaning-orientation of the interaction
THORNBURY, Scott. How to Teach Speaking. Cambridge: Longman, 2005, pp. 91-2. (Adapted).
One of the main problems when dealing with oral fluency is to know if a student should be corrected when interacting or after it. After reading this passage about feedback and correction in fluency, select the alternative that agrees with the point of view discussed in the passage.

O ensino de Inglês Instrumental (ESP) foca nas necessidades específicas do aprendiz em sua área de atuação. Considerando os princípios do ESP, assinale a alternativa CORRETA. 

As preposições em inglês apresentam desafios devido à sua polissemia e uso idiomático. Considerando o uso padrão das preposições de tempo e lugar, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.

A distinção entre a modalidade oral e escrita do inglês envolve variações na complexidade gramatical e na densidade lexical. Assim, analise as afirmativas a seguir.
I. A escrita acadêmica tende a apresentar elevada densidade lexical, com uso recorrente de nominalizações para condensar informações e relações conceituais.
II. A fala espontânea caracteriza-se pelo uso frequente de estruturas coordenadas, repetições e marcadores discursivos, como hesitadores (fillers).
III. A escrita, especialmente em gêneros acadêmicos, tende a apresentar maior complexidade sintática, com uso mais frequente de subordinação e cláusulas embutidas, enquanto a fala organiza-se de forma incremental e mais coordenada.
IV. A escrita apresenta maior uso de pronomes pessoais e de deícticos espaciais do que a fala presencial, em razão da necessidade de referência imediata ao contexto situacional.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente a(s) proposição(ões) CORRETA(S):

According to the text, what is one key benefit of integrating digital technologies into English-language teaching?

The mention of “English as a lingua franca”, in Text 2, suggests that English:

Professionalism in English Language Teaching requires some competencies. Based on Text 2, analyze the following statements and choose the CORRECT alternative whose proposition(s) is/are true.
I. Dealing with IA technologies.
II. Disciplinary content knowledge.
III. Pedagogical knowledge.
IV. Research publication.
V. Translation skills.

Study the affirmatives below about Language and English Language Teaching, focusing on conceptions of language, language as a social practice, and communicative competences.
1. Writing in English is limited to producing grammatically correct sentences, without considering purpose or audience.
2. Language can be understood only as a system of grammatical rules, independent of social context.
3. Effective English language teaching encourages meaningful communication and real-life language use.
4. The concept of language as a social practice emphasizes interaction, meaning-making, and context.
5. Oral comprehension (listening) is developed only through explicit grammar instruction.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct affirmatives.

Analyze the sentences below about reading strategies, text genres, communicative approaches, and reading activities.
1. The activity that best integrates listening and speaking skills is role-plays based on audio or video input.
2. The reading strategy Scanning, is most effective when a learner wants to identify the main idea of a text quickly.
3. Teachers should consider the purpose, audience, and structure of each genre when working with different text genres in reading activities.
4. In process-oriented writing, the stage that typically involves feedback and revision is drafting.
5. According to communicative approaches, errors in oral production should be viewed as part of the learning process.
Choose the alternative which contains the correct affirmatives.

The linguistic aspects of the English language refer to the main components that describe how English is structured, used, and understood.
Decide if the following affirmatives about the linguistic aspects of the English language are true ( T ) or false ( F ).
( ) Teaching vocabulary in isolation, without context, generally promotes deeper communicative competence.
( ) Phonetics is concerned with the physical production and perception of speech sounds, while phonology studies how these sounds function within a language system.
( ) Semantics and pragmatics are closely related, but pragmatics focuses more on meaning in real communicative situations.
( ) Vocabulary knowledge includes only knowing word meanings but also understanding collocations, register, and usage.
( ) English has a relatively fixed word order, which makes syntax an important aspect for meaning construction.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.

Regarding the teaching of English in the BNCC, it is correct to state that: