Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre análise sintática | syntax parsing em inglês
Foram encontradas 481 questões
I.Defining relative clauses provide essential information about the noun they modify and are never separated from the rest of the sentence by commas.
II.Non-defining relative clauses provide extra information and must be enclosed in commas, but the relative pronoun "that" cannot be used in these structures.
III.In informal English, it is grammatically incorrect to end a sentence with a preposition, even in relative clauses where the pronoun is omitted.
Which of the statements above is/are CORRECT?
Read the following text and answer question.
Spain announces plans to ban social media for under -16s
Spain has become the latest European country to make plans to ban social media for children under the age of 16. The ban, which still needs parliamentary approval, is part of a raft of changes that include making company executives responsible for "illegal or harmful content" on their platforms.
Australia became the world's first country to bring in a ban last year, with others watching - and judging - its success. France, Denmark and Austria have also announced that they are considering their own national age limits.
The UK government has launched a consultation on whether to implement a ban for under-16s. Social media companies have argued that the bans would be ineffective, difficult to implement and could isolate vulnerable teenagers. Reddit is challenging Australia's ban in the High Court.
The new laws would also criminalise manipulating algorithms to amplify illegal content. The European Commission has launched an investigation into Grok [X's AI tool] over concerns it was used to create sexualised images of real people. The UK has announced its own investigation into Grok and on Tuesday in France, the offices of X were raided by the Paris prosecutor's cyber-crime unit as it looked into allegations of off ences including unlawful data extraction and complicity in the possession of child pornography.
In response to the announcement, X owner Elon Musk labelled Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez as a "tyrant and traitor to the people of Spain". TikTok, Snapchat, YouTube, Reddit, Discord and Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram have all been approached for comment. France has led the charge in Europe, with President Emmanuel Macron saying he wants a ban for under-15s in place by the start of the next school year in September.
WERTHEIMER, T. Spain announces plans to ban social media for under-16s, February 4th, 2026.
Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y2nddvmryo
Identify the nominal group in the sentence below, extracted from the Text:
"Social media companies have argued that the bans would be ineffective, difficult to implement and could isolate vulnerable teenagers."
I. The head of the phrase is "guidelines", which receives multiple levels of pre-modification, creating a high information density typical of Technical English (ESP).
II. The word "safety" functions as a noun adjunct, but it specifically modifies the compound unit "protocol guidelines", rather than just the word "protocol".
III. The adverbial-adjectival block "recently updated" establishes a temporal boundary that restricts the entire subsequent nominal chain.
Based on the principles of Nominal Groups, choose the correct option:
Select the alternative that presents the CORRECT verbal structure according to formal English grammar, specifically regarding the use of the subjunctive mood in a professional context.
Text for question
Students using A.I. over humans to learn English (23rd December 2024)
More and more students in Japan are using artificial intelligence (AI) to learn English and other languages. The language learning app Duolingo conducted a survey on how students study languages. More than 4,700 Japanese students answered questions about their language-learning habits. The survey found that the number of people using ChatGPT and other AI tools increased by more than 80 per cent in 2024. AI was particularly popular with younger people. The researchers said more young people used AI than took face-to-face lessons. However, some people in their 20s were not totally happy with AI lessons. They said AI lacked natural responses and was a little boring.
Duolingo said: "We're in the midst of an AI revolution.…Technology has long had an impact on language learning." It found that apps were the most popular method in Japan to learn languages. English was the most studied language, followed by Korean. People are studying Korean "to understand the language as spoken by…favourite artists and celebrities." Duolingo said around 58 per cent of people who took the survey used language-learning apps. This was followed by video streaming platforms like YouTube and Netflix (37%), textbooks (36%) and online lessons (16%). The number of people going to a language school is decreasing. Just 13.8 per cent of people went to classes with a teacher.
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/12/19/japan/chatgpt-english-lessons/
https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20241218/p2a/00m/0li/017000c
https://blog.duolingo.com/2024-duolingo-language-report/
Text 10A2-III
As the world keeps warming and electricity bills take center stage in national politics, the data center boom will drive up USA carbon emissions and electricity costs. But a few simple policies could help bring both emissions and prices back down. That‟s the message of a new analysis from the Union of Concerned Scientists released Wednesday, which models a variety of scenarios for how to fuel the coming artificial intelligence boom. The USA is poised to see a 60 to 80 percent increase in electricity demand through 2050, with data centers alone making up more than half of the increase by the end of this decade, the analysis finds. If policies stay the same as they currently are—with attacks on renewable energy being embedded into regulatory regimes and few significant national policies restricting carbon emissions from power plants—we could see between a 19 and 29 percent increase in CO emissions from USA power plants tied just to the energy needs of data centers over the next 10 years. There are answers, though: Bringing back tax credits for wind and solar energy, even if data centers eat up a significant chunk of new demand for electricity, would cut CO emissions by more than 30 percent over the next decade. They could also make wholesale electricity costs go down by about 4 percent by 2050, after a slight rise over the next decade. Power plants are the second-largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the USA, making up about a quarter of the country‟s overall emissions. Last year, emissions from the USA power sector rose slightly, marking the first increase since 2023; commercial buildings like data centers, a separate analysis released last week from the Rhodium Group found, were the main drivers of that demand.
Internet:http://www.wired.com/
Column A
1) a threat
2) present-day practices
3) their own specific communicative, cultural and pragmatic competencies
4) an open mindset
Column B
(__) Noun phrase with indefinite article + abstract noun
(__) Noun phrase expressing possession
(__) Noun phrase with adjective modifying a compound noun
(__) Noun phrase formed by adjective + noun
Choose the correct sequence.
“The realization that there are today more nonnative speakers than native speakers of English in the world […] has led to the rethinking of present-day practices in teaching…”
Mark the statements as True (T) or False (F).
(__) The structure there are is used to introduce the existence of a situation rather than to identify a specific agent.
(__) The expression there are today functions as a stylistic device to emphasize the current relevance of the situation described.
(__) Replacing there are with they are would preserve the same meaning and discourse function.
(__) The use of there to be is common in academic writing to present factual information impersonally.
Choose the correct alternative.
I.In questions, the auxiliary verb (do, does, did, have) or a modal verb must generally be placed before the subject, except when the "wh-word" is the subject itself.
II.Connectors such as "however" and "nevertheless" are used to introduce a result that logically follows from the previous sentence, acting as synonyms for "so."
III.The position of adverbs of frequency, such as "always" or "never," is typically before the main verb but after the verb "to be" in simple tenses.
Choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT statement(s):
I. A pós-modificação pode ser realizada por 'Relative Clauses' ou 'Prepositional Phrases'.
II. O núcleo do sintagma nominal concorda em número com o verbo da oração, independentemente dos modificadores.
III. Em uma sequência de substantivos (Noun + Noun), o primeiro substantivo atua como modificador do segundo.
IV. Artigos e demonstrativos funcionam como determinantes e precedem os adjetivos na estrutura do sintagma.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente a(s) proposição(ões) CORRETA(S):
(__) Advérbios de frequência definidos, como daily e weekly, são geralmente posicionados no final da oração, especialmente quando indicam periodicidade de ações.
(__) O advérbio 'enough' deve ser posicionado antes do adjetivo ou advérbio que ele modifica, como em 'enough good'.
(__) Advérbios de modo terminados em -ly podem ser posicionados na oração, inclusive na posição medial, entre o sujeito e o verbo principal, conforme a estrutura da frase.
(__) A posição inicial é vedada para advérbios de conexão (connecting adverbs) como 'however' e 'furthermore'.
Após análise, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência CORRETA dos itens acima, de cima para baixo:
(__) O núcleo adverbial pode ser pré-modificado por intensificadores como 'very', 'quite' e 'rather'.
(__) Sintagmas adverbiais funcionam primariamente como adjuntos adverbiais na oração.
(__) É impossível que um sintagma adverbial modifique outro advérbio dentro da mesma oração.
(__) A comparação de advérbios segue regras morfológicas similares às dos adjetivos (er/more).
Após análise, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência CORRETA dos itens acima, de cima para baixo:
Read the text below and answer the questions:
New beginnings in Wrocław: The refugee students building brighter futures
Eighteen-year-old Daria hopes to begin studying psychology at the university in Wroclaw, Poland in the autumn. She already knows what career she wants to pursue: working with formerly incarcerated individuals to support their reintegration into society.
“I want to help people start a new life after having made mistakes,” Daria says. “I believe everyone deserves a chance to change, and I want to support them.” Three years ago, it wasn’t clear that Daria would be able to study psychology at all – or even graduate from secondary school. In early 2022, with the escalation of the war in Ukraine, she was forced to leave her home of Kryvyi Rih in central Ukraine for Wroclaw, together with her mother and younger brother.
Daria was one of hundreds of Ukrainians who ended up at the same high school in Wroclaw. Wrocław’s multicultural identity has long been a source of pride, and the school is no different: out of its 1,500 students, 500 are from Ukraine. There are also students from Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Kenya, among other countries.
Still, the transition to life in a different country, while being separated from loved ones who remained in Ukraine, was not easy. In the first few months, Daria herself needed psychological support.
Eighteen-year-old Daria hopes to study psychology at university. If that doesn’t work out, she is also considering game design as a backup plan, inspired by her strong interest in video games.
Eighteen-year-old Daria hopes to study psychology at university. If that doesn’t work out, she is also considering game design as a backup plan, inspired by her strong interest in video games.
Fortunately, she found support from the educators and staff at her school. This included the school psychologist, who is Polish but speaks Ukrainian. Her teachers also helped. “They genuinely do everything they can to help us adapt,” Daria says.
“They show us that they are learning together with us – they’re not pretending to know everything. They make mistakes too, they apologize, and everything feels very natural and supportive.”
For 18-year-old Kamila, who graduated from the same high school this year, the language barrier was the greatest challenge. “You don’t immediately understand what the teachers are saying, and you have to ask several times,” she says. “They couldn’t really explain either, because they didn’t speak Ukrainian. That was very hard for me.”
Kamila recalls that during her first months at the new secondary school, she had little time for her hobbies – she spent nearly all her free time learning Polish and keeping up with school assignments. Kamila recalls that during her first months at the new secondary school, she had little time for her hobbies – she spent nearly all her free time learning Polish and keeping up with school assignments.
Subjects like physics and biology were especially difficult because of the complex technical vocabulary. “I had to learn every term from scratch,” says Kamila, who came from IvanoFrankivsk, western Ukraine, with her family in 2022.
Learning Polish wasn’t only key to succeeding in school, but to feeling connected. “Only after I overcame the language barrier I did start participating in extracurricular activities at school,” Kamila explains. “It was important for me to build friendships with Polish students too.”
Despite these difficulties, Kamila now dreams of becoming a translator and is currently learning English and German in addition to Polish.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia, another graduate of the high school, shares this love of language. She studies English, Polish and German. “Aside from languages, I also love history,” she says.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia, who graduated this year from a secondary school in Wrocław, dreams of a career as a translator. She has applied to several universities in Wrocław to pursue her studies.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia, who graduated this year from a secondary school in Wrocław, dreams of a career as a translator. She has applied to several universities in Wrocław to pursue her studies.
Sofia’s passion for history deepened her connection to Wrocław, one of Poland’s oldest and most culturally rich cities. “I really like Wrocław, and right now I think that if my future is in Poland, it will be in this city,” she says.
Like many of her peers, Sofia’s first steps in a new country were filled with fear and uncertainty.
“At the beginning, it was a bit scary – a different country, a different culture, a different language,” she recalls. “But there were actually many kind people who were ready to help. Thanks to them, I managed to adapt, and now I feel quite good living here.”
As well as graduating with honors from her school in Ukraine, in Wroclaw, Sofia received the red stripe distinction, a special recognition for outstanding academic results in Polish schools. She also earned a scholarship for being the top-performing student in the school last year.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia and her mother, Tetiana. The family plans to stay in Poland, as Sofia sees her future in this country.
Sofia and her mother, Tetiana. The family plans to stay in Poland, as Sofia sees her future in this country.
Her family has recently decided to stay in Poland.
“Our daughter sees her future here, and we are ready to support her decision,” her mother Tetiana says.
These stories are a powerful reminder of the resilience and potential of young people when they are given the right opportunities and support.
As we mark International Youth Day, UNICEF celebrates youth like Daria, Kamila and Sofia – who, despite the trauma of war and displacement, are building their futures through education, courage, and determination.
UNICEF, in partnership with local governments and civil society, remains committed to ensuring that every young person has access to quality education and support, no matter their background or circumstances.
This work for refugee children and caregivers from Ukraine in Poland is made possible thanks to the generous support of the Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration of the US Department of State (PRM) and the Government of the Republic of Korea and the Government of Japan.
Source: https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/new-beginnings-in-Wroclaw
The title "The refugee students building brighter futures" exemplifies common patterns in English nominal phrase construction. Accurate grammatical analysis requires identifying both lexical categories and syntactic functions of each constituent element.
Which analysis accurately identifies the grammatical categories and functional roles of the constituent elements?
Read the text below and answer the questions:
New beginnings in Wrocław: The refugee students building brighter futures
Eighteen-year-old Daria hopes to begin studying psychology at the university in Wroclaw, Poland in the autumn. She already knows what career she wants to pursue: working with formerly incarcerated individuals to support their reintegration into society.
“I want to help people start a new life after having made mistakes,” Daria says. “I believe everyone deserves a chance to change, and I want to support them.” Three years ago, it wasn’t clear that Daria would be able to study psychology at all – or even graduate from secondary school. In early 2022, with the escalation of the war in Ukraine, she was forced to leave her home of Kryvyi Rih in central Ukraine for Wroclaw, together with her mother and younger brother.
Daria was one of hundreds of Ukrainians who ended up at the same high school in Wroclaw. Wrocław’s multicultural identity has long been a source of pride, and the school is no different: out of its 1,500 students, 500 are from Ukraine. There are also students from Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Kenya, among other countries.
Still, the transition to life in a different country, while being separated from loved ones who remained in Ukraine, was not easy. In the first few months, Daria herself needed psychological support.
Eighteen-year-old Daria hopes to study psychology at university. If that doesn’t work out, she is also considering game design as a backup plan, inspired by her strong interest in video games.
Eighteen-year-old Daria hopes to study psychology at university. If that doesn’t work out, she is also considering game design as a backup plan, inspired by her strong interest in video games.
Fortunately, she found support from the educators and staff at her school. This included the school psychologist, who is Polish but speaks Ukrainian. Her teachers also helped. “They genuinely do everything they can to help us adapt,” Daria says.
“They show us that they are learning together with us – they’re not pretending to know everything. They make mistakes too, they apologize, and everything feels very natural and supportive.”
For 18-year-old Kamila, who graduated from the same high school this year, the language barrier was the greatest challenge. “You don’t immediately understand what the teachers are saying, and you have to ask several times,” she says. “They couldn’t really explain either, because they didn’t speak Ukrainian. That was very hard for me.”
Kamila recalls that during her first months at the new secondary school, she had little time for her hobbies – she spent nearly all her free time learning Polish and keeping up with school assignments. Kamila recalls that during her first months at the new secondary school, she had little time for her hobbies – she spent nearly all her free time learning Polish and keeping up with school assignments.
Subjects like physics and biology were especially difficult because of the complex technical vocabulary. “I had to learn every term from scratch,” says Kamila, who came from IvanoFrankivsk, western Ukraine, with her family in 2022.
Learning Polish wasn’t only key to succeeding in school, but to feeling connected. “Only after I overcame the language barrier I did start participating in extracurricular activities at school,” Kamila explains. “It was important for me to build friendships with Polish students too.”
Despite these difficulties, Kamila now dreams of becoming a translator and is currently learning English and German in addition to Polish.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia, another graduate of the high school, shares this love of language. She studies English, Polish and German. “Aside from languages, I also love history,” she says.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia, who graduated this year from a secondary school in Wrocław, dreams of a career as a translator. She has applied to several universities in Wrocław to pursue her studies.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia, who graduated this year from a secondary school in Wrocław, dreams of a career as a translator. She has applied to several universities in Wrocław to pursue her studies.
Sofia’s passion for history deepened her connection to Wrocław, one of Poland’s oldest and most culturally rich cities. “I really like Wrocław, and right now I think that if my future is in Poland, it will be in this city,” she says.
Like many of her peers, Sofia’s first steps in a new country were filled with fear and uncertainty.
“At the beginning, it was a bit scary – a different country, a different culture, a different language,” she recalls. “But there were actually many kind people who were ready to help. Thanks to them, I managed to adapt, and now I feel quite good living here.”
As well as graduating with honors from her school in Ukraine, in Wroclaw, Sofia received the red stripe distinction, a special recognition for outstanding academic results in Polish schools. She also earned a scholarship for being the top-performing student in the school last year.
Seventeen-year-old Sofia and her mother, Tetiana. The family plans to stay in Poland, as Sofia sees her future in this country.
Sofia and her mother, Tetiana. The family plans to stay in Poland, as Sofia sees her future in this country.
Her family has recently decided to stay in Poland.
“Our daughter sees her future here, and we are ready to support her decision,” her mother Tetiana says.
These stories are a powerful reminder of the resilience and potential of young people when they are given the right opportunities and support.
As we mark International Youth Day, UNICEF celebrates youth like Daria, Kamila and Sofia – who, despite the trauma of war and displacement, are building their futures through education, courage, and determination.
UNICEF, in partnership with local governments and civil society, remains committed to ensuring that every young person has access to quality education and support, no matter their background or circumstances.
This work for refugee children and caregivers from Ukraine in Poland is made possible thanks to the generous support of the Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration of the US Department of State (PRM) and the Government of the Republic of Korea and the Government of Japan.
Source: https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/new-beginnings-in-Wroclaw
The sentence "Their family plans to stay in Poland, as Sofia sees her future in this country" contains multiple pronominal forms that require grammatical analysis. Each pronoun performs specific syntactic and semantic functions within the sentence structure.
Examine the morphosyntactic functions and referential properties of the pronouns in this construction. Which alternative accurately characterizes the grammatical architecture?
Conheça nossos planos