Questões Militares

Texto 2

Brazil to replace oil rigs with ‘underwater cities’

Traditional oil rigs will be replaced with “underwater cities” within a decade under ambitious plans being drawn up by Petrobras, Brazil’s state-owned energy group.

A Petrobras oil platform at Guabanara bay in Rio de Janeiro.

Petrobras plans to turn science fiction into reality to extract oil from the vast pre-salt oil fields discovered off the south east coast of Brazil.
The plan is to construct ‘cities’ more than 2,000 metres under water, containing machines, giant pieces of equipment and robots that could inspect the systems being used to extract millions of barrels of oil. Many operations would be fully automated while others would be controlled by humans at a distance.
Petrobras already owns virtual reality laboratories where engineers can inspect 3D images of oil fields. But now they want to take a further technological leap by installing floating rig equipment on the sea bed.
The machinery under the sea would be capable of separating oil, gas, water and sand, compressing substances and generating enough energy to keep the operation functioning. 

                               TEXTO I

      Ecology and History of the Amazon Rain Forest

Biodiversity and Symbiosis of South America's Vulnerable Habitat 

No place on Earth is as full of diverse life and landscape as the Amazon Rainforest. It spreads its tall trees and rich biodiversity over 40% of the South American continent. The Amazon River shares its name with its host, and is 11 times the volume of the Mississippi river. The massive water system begins in the Andes Mountains and winds its way 4,080 miles eastward to the Atlantic Ocean, rushing through the forests with tremendous force. The annual outflow of the river is responsible for 1/5 of the entire world’s freshwater flow. Everything about this habitat is super-sized.

(http://www.suite101.com/content/lungs-of-the-earth-a55287)