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Q3249047
Inglês
Africa's Greatest Freedom Symbol
Son of a chief, Nelson Mandela studied law and became one of South Africa's first black lawyers. Early in the 1950s he was elected leader of the youth wing of the ANC (African National Congress) liberation movement. When the country's white minority government prohibited the ANC in 1960, Mandela became convinced that armed struggle was inevitable. Inspired by the guerrilla wars in Algeria and Cuba, he organized a military underground movement that engaged in sabotage. In 1962 he was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for high treason and conspiracy against the state.
From 1964 to 1982 he was confined to the notorious prison island Robben Island, together with several other resistance leaders. He was then moved to prison on the mainland until his release in 1990. During his imprisonment, Mandela became a rallying point for South Africa's oppressed, and the world's most famous political prisoner.
Nelson Mandela shared the Peace Prize with the man who had released him, President Frederik Willem de Klerk, because they had agreed on a peaceful transition to majority rule.
Disponible in: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1993/mandela/facts/. Access in: May, 24 2023 (adapted).
Choose the best translation for the statement.
I - Son of a chief, Nelson Mandela studied law and became one of south Africa’s first black lawyers.
II - In 1962 he was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for high treason and conspiracy against the state.
III - From 1964 to 1982 he was confined to the notorious prison island Robben Island, together with several other resistance leaders.
Son of a chief, Nelson Mandela studied law and became one of South Africa's first black lawyers. Early in the 1950s he was elected leader of the youth wing of the ANC (African National Congress) liberation movement. When the country's white minority government prohibited the ANC in 1960, Mandela became convinced that armed struggle was inevitable. Inspired by the guerrilla wars in Algeria and Cuba, he organized a military underground movement that engaged in sabotage. In 1962 he was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for high treason and conspiracy against the state.
From 1964 to 1982 he was confined to the notorious prison island Robben Island, together with several other resistance leaders. He was then moved to prison on the mainland until his release in 1990. During his imprisonment, Mandela became a rallying point for South Africa's oppressed, and the world's most famous political prisoner.
Nelson Mandela shared the Peace Prize with the man who had released him, President Frederik Willem de Klerk, because they had agreed on a peaceful transition to majority rule.
Disponible in: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1993/mandela/facts/. Access in: May, 24 2023 (adapted).
Choose the best translation for the statement.
I - Son of a chief, Nelson Mandela studied law and became one of south Africa’s first black lawyers.
II - In 1962 he was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for high treason and conspiracy against the state.
III - From 1964 to 1982 he was confined to the notorious prison island Robben Island, together with several other resistance leaders.
Q3249045
Inglês
The big idea: why we need a new definition of junk food
Ultra-processed products now make up 60% of our diet – and they’re killing us
Strange as it may seem, food has replaced tobacco as the leading cause of early death globally. Each year,more people die in America from illnesses caused by poor diet than were killed fighting in every war in US history combined. In the UK the situation is equally 1. dire. Officially, the health effects of food are entirely due to its nutritional content – the amount of fat, salt, sugar and fibre it contains. The current system leaves it up to you to read the detailed information on the pack and decide how much to eat based on recommended values, and if you have children, you’ll need to know the values for them too. This is nigh-on impossible for most people – but even if you were able to calculate exactly how much fat, salt and sugar you were consuming in each 2. mouthful, you would still be neglecting one vital determinant of health – how the food was processed. You might feel like you’ve heard all this before. People have expressed concern about “processed food” for a long time, but it’s not always been an easy concept to 3. pin down. After all, we have been processing food for hundreds of thousands of years. The human diet was invented by primarily female domestic scientists who modified plants and animals by milling, shaking, pounding and grinding them, or altering them via fermentation and heat, before salting, smoking and drying them for preservation. Food processing has shaped almost every aspect of our bodies: we have the shortest guts of any animal our size because part of their job is outsourced to our kitchens. We are the only animal that must process its food to survive. Processing is fine.
But just over a decade ago a team of scientists in Brazil noticed a 4. paradox in the data from their national nutrition surveys. Obesity had gone from being rare, to being the country’s dominant public health problem – even though people were buying less oil and sugar. What theywere eating more of was industrially processed food: biscuits, emulsified breads, confectionary and so on. The team developed a definition that distinguished between traditional food, whole or processed, and these items, which they termed ultra processed foods, or UPFs for short.
Disponible in: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/may/15/the-big-idea-why-we-need-a-new-definition-of-junk-food. Access in: May, 15 2023 (adapted).
Choose the alternative whose bold words have similar meanings in the sentences.
Ultra-processed products now make up 60% of our diet – and they’re killing us
Strange as it may seem, food has replaced tobacco as the leading cause of early death globally. Each year,more people die in America from illnesses caused by poor diet than were killed fighting in every war in US history combined. In the UK the situation is equally 1. dire. Officially, the health effects of food are entirely due to its nutritional content – the amount of fat, salt, sugar and fibre it contains. The current system leaves it up to you to read the detailed information on the pack and decide how much to eat based on recommended values, and if you have children, you’ll need to know the values for them too. This is nigh-on impossible for most people – but even if you were able to calculate exactly how much fat, salt and sugar you were consuming in each 2. mouthful, you would still be neglecting one vital determinant of health – how the food was processed. You might feel like you’ve heard all this before. People have expressed concern about “processed food” for a long time, but it’s not always been an easy concept to 3. pin down. After all, we have been processing food for hundreds of thousands of years. The human diet was invented by primarily female domestic scientists who modified plants and animals by milling, shaking, pounding and grinding them, or altering them via fermentation and heat, before salting, smoking and drying them for preservation. Food processing has shaped almost every aspect of our bodies: we have the shortest guts of any animal our size because part of their job is outsourced to our kitchens. We are the only animal that must process its food to survive. Processing is fine.
But just over a decade ago a team of scientists in Brazil noticed a 4. paradox in the data from their national nutrition surveys. Obesity had gone from being rare, to being the country’s dominant public health problem – even though people were buying less oil and sugar. What theywere eating more of was industrially processed food: biscuits, emulsified breads, confectionary and so on. The team developed a definition that distinguished between traditional food, whole or processed, and these items, which they termed ultra processed foods, or UPFs for short.
Disponible in: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/may/15/the-big-idea-why-we-need-a-new-definition-of-junk-food. Access in: May, 15 2023 (adapted).
Choose the alternative whose bold words have similar meanings in the sentences.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
UECE-CEV
Órgão:
UECE
Prova:
UECE-CEV - 2023 - UECE - Prova de Conhecimentos Gerais - 1ª Fase (1º Semestre de 2024) |
Q3248273
Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
The author argues that among all forms of phone
communication, the one that can be a frequent cause of
embarrassment to the individuals involved is
Ano: 2023
Banca:
UECE-CEV
Órgão:
UECE
Prova:
UECE-CEV - 2023 - UECE - Prova de Conhecimentos Gerais - 1ª Fase (1º Semestre de 2024) |
Q3248272
Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
As to the rapid changes in the implicit rules/norms of
phone communication, some people may feel bewildered
and misunderstood, and this frequently happens when there
is a
Ano: 2023
Banca:
UECE-CEV
Órgão:
UECE
Prova:
UECE-CEV - 2023 - UECE - Prova de Conhecimentos Gerais - 1ª Fase (1º Semestre de 2024) |
Q3248271
Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
Besides talking to an expert on etiquette, the author
mentions that other groups of individuals provided
information for the writing of the guiding tips presented in
the text, who were
Ano: 2023
Banca:
UECE-CEV
Órgão:
UECE
Prova:
UECE-CEV - 2023 - UECE - Prova de Conhecimentos Gerais - 1ª Fase (1º Semestre de 2024) |
Q3248270
Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
It is stated in the text that the way people make calls
has gone through great changes with the evolution of
technology. In relation to calls from one country to another,
one aspect that is highlighted is how different it has become
in terms of
Ano: 2023
Banca:
UECE-CEV
Órgão:
UECE
Prova:
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Q3248269
Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
As to the question of choosing the appropriate form to
communicate with someone, the author states that things
like arguments and personal matters, on one side, and plans
and facts, on the other side, require, respectively,
Ano: 2023
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Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
When calling a person who does not answer, the
suggestion presented in the text is that the caller
Ano: 2023
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Q3248267
Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
When considering the use of speakerphone amongst
other people, the author of the text makes the point against
it and argues that headphones, instead, could be used, but
that would be only a partial solution because
Ano: 2023
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Q3248266
Inglês
Texto associado
T E X T
The new phone call etiquette
Phone calls have been around for 147 years, the
iPhone 16 years and FaceTime video voice mails about a
week. Not surprisingly, how we make calls has changed
drastically alongside advances in technology. Now people
can have conversations in public on their smartwatches, see
voice mails transcribed in real time and dial internationally
midday without stressing about the cost.
The phone norms also change quickly, causing some
people to feel left behind or confused. The unwritten rules
of chatting on the phone differ wildly between generations,
leading to misunderstandings and frustration on all sides.
We spoke to an etiquette expert and people of all
ages about their own phone pet peeves to come up with the
following guidance to help everyone navigate phone calls in
2023. These will vary depending on your relationship, your
age and the context of the call. The closer you are to
someone, the less the rules apply. Go ahead, FaceTime your
mom with no warning while brushing your teeth.
Tips to help you be a better phone caller:
Voice mails are an artifact of the days before text
messages. If you have information that needs to be
communicated in an accurate, timely manner, you’re far
better off putting it into writing as a text or email.
The exceptions for the no-voice-mail rule are calling
people who would love to hear your voice no matter what
you’re saying, or sharing some kind of audio experience.
Think besties and immediate family members singing happy
birthday, a dispatch from friends at a Taylor Swift concert or
a simple “I love you.”
If you have a long juicy story you want to tell,
consider sending it in a voice memo instead. It’s the best
medium for a monologue.
Calling someone without warning can feel stressful to
the recipient. Instead, text them ahead of time to ask if
they’re free to talk now, if they can you call when they’re
free, or if they can pick a time they’d like to chat. If it’s
someone you call regularly, find out what their ideal times
are, like after work or only on Sunday afternoons.
Wording and context are key for these pre-call texts.
A simple “call me” text can feel urgent and make someone
think there’s an emergency. Clarify if it’s urgent or just to
catch-up. If it’s about a specific topic, mention it in the text
what it is you’d like to talk about so they can be prepared.
These steps are especially necessary for video calls.
Catching someone on video at an unexpected time can be
embarrassing for all involved. You should almost never start
a FaceTime or other video call without warning.
You don’t need to answer the phone. The
responsibility isn’t only on the person dialing. Just because
someone is calling you out of the blue does not mean you
have to pick up. If you’re in a restaurant, using the bathroom
or in a meeting, mute the call and get back to them at a
convenient time. “We all have control of our phones and can
decide if it’s the right time to answer it,” said Lizzie Post,
etiquette expert and co-president at the Emily Post Institute.
To be even more polite, send them a text.
Smartphones will let you send an automated text response
when you can’t answer.
Many things don’t need to be a phone call at all.
When you’re trying to decide on the best method of
communication, consider what it is you want to say.
Anything requiring nuance like opinions or emotional
matters are best done over the phone, including arguments,
catching up or connecting on a personal level. Factual
updates, coordinating plans or anything that is more cut and
dried often work best in writing. If something is complicated
and will drag on too long as a text chain, go ahead and ask if
they can talk.
“Nobody has a good fight via text message,” says
Post. “I get that sometimes it feels better to fight via text
because you’re not actually confronting the person, but you
get through it a lot faster on the phone.”
If someone doesn’t answer your call, do not hang up
and immediately call them again.
If they have not responded
to your text about the call they missed, do not send them an
email about it. If it is an emergency, clearly state that right
away in a text message.
Voice mails are dead. Long live the video voice mail.
Apple recently introduced a new feature in its iOS 17 update
that lets you leave a video message when someone doesn’t
answer your FaceTime call. It’s silly and fun and should be
used that way, but keep in mind not everyone will find them
delightful.
It’s generally considered bad form to use
speakerphone in public. Whether it’s a regular call, video call
or smartwatch call, use headphones or save it for later.
Headphones only solve half of the problem, however, as
people still have to hear your side of the conversation. If
you’re in a crowded area, like an office or store, be aware of
other people’s personal space and your own volume.
Video calls in public are also a sensitive issue. There
are strangers around you who did not consent to being on
camera, and they might also see something they’re not
supposed to on your screen. Frame your shots accordingly.
Phone calls aren’t dead! While hopping on the phone may
be less common or involve more planning than it used to,
it’s still a wonderful way to communicate. Talking to a
person in real time can strengthen relationships, improve
mental health and lessen loneliness.
Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/2023/09/25/
According to the text, conversations on the telephone
can, among other aspects,
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Sociologia
“A sociedade indiana começou a se organizar em castas
e subcastas há mais de 3 mil anos, adotando uma
hierarquização baseada em religião, etnia, cor,
hereditariedade e ocupação. Esses elementos definem a
organização do poder político e a distribuição da riqueza
gerada pela sociedade. Apesar de na índia haver hoje uma
estrutura de classes, o sistema de castas permanece
mesclado a ela, o que representa uma dificuldade a mais
para entender a questão. O sistema sobrevive ainda hoje
por força de tradição religiosa, pois legalmente foi abolido
em 1950. E, em resumo, o sistema de castas tradicional
caracteriza-se por relações sociais muito estanques, isto é,
quem nasce em uma casta não tem como sair dela e passar
para outra. Porém, a industrialização, a urbanização e a
introdução de padrões comportamentais ocidentais na Índia
têm promovido mais relaxamento a este rígido sistema de
castas, tendo levado pessoas de diferentes castas a se
relacionarem entre si e pessoas de castas inferiores a terem
ascensão social.”
(TOMAZI, Nelson D. Sociologia para o ensino médio. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2010.)
Considerando o texto acima, atente para as proposições a seguir e assinale com V o que for verdadeiro e com F o que for falso.
( ) As castas ainda possuem grande prestígio na sociedade indiana e impedem a mobilidade social.
( ) O único elemento em que se baseia a hierarquização de castas sociais indianas é o da religião.
( ) A mobilidade social na sociedade indiana tem sido ampliada pela influência de culturas estrangeiras.
( ) A tradição de castas reúne as tendências de repulsão entre grupos e da hierarquização social.
A sequência correta, de cima para baixo, é:
(TOMAZI, Nelson D. Sociologia para o ensino médio. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2010.)
Considerando o texto acima, atente para as proposições a seguir e assinale com V o que for verdadeiro e com F o que for falso.
( ) As castas ainda possuem grande prestígio na sociedade indiana e impedem a mobilidade social.
( ) O único elemento em que se baseia a hierarquização de castas sociais indianas é o da religião.
( ) A mobilidade social na sociedade indiana tem sido ampliada pela influência de culturas estrangeiras.
( ) A tradição de castas reúne as tendências de repulsão entre grupos e da hierarquização social.
A sequência correta, de cima para baixo, é:
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Q3248264
Sociologia
Atente para o seguinte excerto: “[...] O golpe de
estado, na grande maioria dos casos, é uma reação contra as
soluções revolucionárias ou reformistas, em andamento ou
projetadas. Por isso, envolve a restauração e o
endurecimento de estruturas arcaicas. Isto é, o golpe de
estado sempre inaugura um estilo de poder autoritário e
implica na cristalização da estrutura de apropriação”.
(IANNI, Octavio. O colapso do populismo no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 1968.)
Com base nesse texto de Ianni, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.
(IANNI, Octavio. O colapso do populismo no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 1968.)
Com base nesse texto de Ianni, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.
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Q3248263
Sociologia
De que maneira ocorrem as mudanças e as
transformações sociais em uma sociedade? A resposta para
esta indagação constitui, na verdade, um dos tema-dilemas
na sociologia e podem ter respostas bastante diferentes, de
acordo com a perspectiva teórico-metodológica em que se
refere. Entre os primeiros teóricos desta ciência social,
podemos destacar Auguste Comte, Karl Marx e Émile
Durkheim como os pensadores que possuem explicações
sobre como ocorrem as mudanças em sociedade. Em
síntese, para entender as mudanças sociais Comte partia da
perspectiva do positivismo, Marx do materialismo histórico
dialético e Durkheim do funcionalismo.
Considerando o enunciado acima, é correto afirmar que,
Considerando o enunciado acima, é correto afirmar que,
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Q3248262
Sociologia
Charles Wright Mills, sociólogo norte-americano que
produziu sua obra entre os anos 1940 e 1950, buscava
estudar, a partir dos conceitos de classe social e status, os
processos, estratégias e mecanismos de dominação em uma
sociedade. Mills em suas pesquisas demonstrava as lógicas
sociais das estruturas de poder e como estas eram mantidas
pelas elites norte-americanas para a manutenção da
sociedade que lhes favorecia.
Considerando essa perspectiva de Mills, avalie as seguintes proposições sociológicas:
I. As elites são compostas por pessoas cujas posições de classe social lhes permitem influenciar e tomar decisões que afetam toda a sociedade.
II. As elites do poder não são solitárias e necessitam de conselheiros, políticos e formadores de opinião para capitanearem seus interesses e escolhas.
III. O status social das elites tem uma íntima relação com a posição na estrutura social e com o reconhecimento de que são uma classe superior na sociedade.
IV. Os estratos sociais dominantes conseguem se manter como elite do poder porque buscam uniões matrimoniais com todas as outras classes sociais.
É correto o que se afirma em
Considerando essa perspectiva de Mills, avalie as seguintes proposições sociológicas:
I. As elites são compostas por pessoas cujas posições de classe social lhes permitem influenciar e tomar decisões que afetam toda a sociedade.
II. As elites do poder não são solitárias e necessitam de conselheiros, políticos e formadores de opinião para capitanearem seus interesses e escolhas.
III. O status social das elites tem uma íntima relação com a posição na estrutura social e com o reconhecimento de que são uma classe superior na sociedade.
IV. Os estratos sociais dominantes conseguem se manter como elite do poder porque buscam uniões matrimoniais com todas as outras classes sociais.
É correto o que se afirma em
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Q3248261
Sociologia
Émile Durkheim, Karl Marx e Max Weber são
considerados os principais formuladores das primeiras
matrizes teórico-metodológicas da sociologia que surgiram
no final do século XIX na Europa. Cada um deles tem
perspectivas sociológicas que divergem uma da outra sobre
a explicação e a compreensão da realidade social. Durkheim
procurou explicar, de modo geral, o funcionalismo orgânico e intricado da divisão social do trabalho, na modernidade,
que mantém as sociedades como estão e coesas; Marx é o
teórico da história do sistema capitalista de produção e das
contradições que o fundamentam como a luta de classes
sociais; Weber investigou as conexões de sentido entre
fenômenos sociais como a racionalização da vida econômica
e a ética calvinista-cristã sobre o trabalho disciplinado e
esforçado ou, de outro modo, possibilita uma compreensãointerpretativa entre esses fenômenos.
Partindo do exposto, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.
Partindo do exposto, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.
Ano: 2023
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Q3248260
Filosofia
“A ação é apenas o resultado da luta entre as vontades
de um corpo. O que vemos por fim é o resultado do
combate e que, por isto, nos aparenta uma unidade. Ao nos
identificarmos com a ação, acreditamos ser também os
responsáveis por tais ações. É muito comum o recurso
retórico aos motivos que impulsionariam ações, declarandose que uma ação foi tomada devido a um determinado
motivo. Mas esta própria luta dos motivos traduz apenas o
jogo impulsivo subterrâneo ao qual quase não se tem acesso
e, caso o motivo exista, seria ‘algo para nós completamente
invisível e inconsciente’ (Nietzsche, Aurora). O que se tem
sempre é o conhecimento do resultado da luta dos motivos,
mas ‘a luta mesma se acha oculta de mim, e igualmente a
vitória, como vitória; pois venho a saber o que faço – mas
não o motivo que propriamente venceu’ (Nietzsche,
Aurora)”.
(Gustavo Arantes Camargo. Liberdade e vontade de potência na filosofia de Nietzsche. Cadernos Nietzsche 42 (3), Setembro/Dezembro, 2021.)
No texto acima, o autor defende que, para Nietzsche,
(Gustavo Arantes Camargo. Liberdade e vontade de potência na filosofia de Nietzsche. Cadernos Nietzsche 42 (3), Setembro/Dezembro, 2021.)
No texto acima, o autor defende que, para Nietzsche,
Ano: 2023
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Q3248259
Filosofia
“Em Genebra, a porta-voz do Escritório de Direitos
Humanos, Ravina Shamdasani, ainda destacou as ‘noites
aterrorizantes e sem sono que as pessoas passam ao ar livre,
enquanto os ataques aéreos continuam’. Segundo ela, o uso
por Israel de armas explosivas com efeitos em áreas
extensas densamente povoadas causou grandes danos à
infraestrutura civil e perda de vidas civis e podem configurar
uma violação do direito internacional humanitário. A
representante da ONU ainda ressaltou que as pessoas são
forçadas a se abrigar em condições cada vez mais precárias;
superlotadas, com saneamento deficiente e água potável
insegura, trazendo o espectro de um surto de doenças. [...]
Ravina Shamdasani destacou que a punição coletiva é um
crime de guerra. A punição coletiva de Israel contra toda a
população de Gaza deve cessar imediatamente. O uso de
linguagem desumanizante contra os palestinos também
deve ser interrompido.”
(ONU News. Moradores de Gaza estão encurralados com bombardeios nas rotas de evacuação. Disponível em: https://news.un.org/pt/story/2023/10/1822532. Adaptado.)
Na passagem acima, está pressuposta uma concepção filosófica moderna da universalização da condição humana. Quanto à guerra, essa concepção se expressa da seguinte forma:
(ONU News. Moradores de Gaza estão encurralados com bombardeios nas rotas de evacuação. Disponível em: https://news.un.org/pt/story/2023/10/1822532. Adaptado.)
Na passagem acima, está pressuposta uma concepção filosófica moderna da universalização da condição humana. Quanto à guerra, essa concepção se expressa da seguinte forma:
Ano: 2023
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Q3248258
Filosofia
A Lógica aristotélica, cujo objeto é prévio a todo
conhecimento científico e filosófico, trata das regras do
discurso
Ano: 2023
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Q3248257
Filosofia
Leia com atenção o texto abaixo.
“[...] jamais acolher alguma coisa como verdadeira que eu não conhecesse evidentemente como tal; [...] evitar cuidadosamente a precipitação e a prevenção, e de nada incluir em meus juízos que não se apresentasse tão clara e tão distintamente a meu espírito, que eu não tivesse nenhuma ocasião de pô-lo em dúvida”.
René Descartes. Discurso do método, I. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1979, p. 37.
Defender a evidência, a clareza e a distinção ao próprio espírito (à própria razão) como primeiro critério do conhecimento verdadeiro expressam uma posição
“[...] jamais acolher alguma coisa como verdadeira que eu não conhecesse evidentemente como tal; [...] evitar cuidadosamente a precipitação e a prevenção, e de nada incluir em meus juízos que não se apresentasse tão clara e tão distintamente a meu espírito, que eu não tivesse nenhuma ocasião de pô-lo em dúvida”.
René Descartes. Discurso do método, I. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1979, p. 37.
Defender a evidência, a clareza e a distinção ao próprio espírito (à própria razão) como primeiro critério do conhecimento verdadeiro expressam uma posição
Ano: 2023
Banca:
UECE-CEV
Órgão:
UECE
Prova:
UECE-CEV - 2023 - UECE - Prova de Conhecimentos Gerais - 1ª Fase (1º Semestre de 2024) |
Q3248256
Filosofia
Em sua Suma Teológica (Questão 57, Art. 2º, citação
adaptada), Tomás de Aquino afirma:
“[...] o que é direito ou que é o justo implica uma obra adequada a outra por algum modo de igualdade. Ora, de dois modos pode uma coisa ser adequada a um homem:
- de um modo, pela natureza mesma da coisa; por exemplo, quando alguém dá tanto para receber tanto.
- de outro modo, uma coisa é adequada ou proporcionada a outra, em virtude de uma convenção ou de comum acordo; [...] por convenção pública, por exemplo, quando todo o povo consente que uma coisa seja tida como que adequada e proporcionada a outra; ou quando o príncipe, que governa o povo e o representa, assim o ordena”.
Esses dois modos de direito ou de justiça são, respectivamente, denominados
“[...] o que é direito ou que é o justo implica uma obra adequada a outra por algum modo de igualdade. Ora, de dois modos pode uma coisa ser adequada a um homem:
- de um modo, pela natureza mesma da coisa; por exemplo, quando alguém dá tanto para receber tanto.
- de outro modo, uma coisa é adequada ou proporcionada a outra, em virtude de uma convenção ou de comum acordo; [...] por convenção pública, por exemplo, quando todo o povo consente que uma coisa seja tida como que adequada e proporcionada a outra; ou quando o príncipe, que governa o povo e o representa, assim o ordena”.
Esses dois modos de direito ou de justiça são, respectivamente, denominados
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