Questões de Vestibular FPS 2017 para Vestibular
Foram encontradas 54 questões
Q1363369
Inglês
Texto associado
Read TEXT 2 below and answer question
TEXT 2
A daily half hour's exercise could prevent 1 in 12 early deaths, study shows
People who exercise five days a week for 30 minutes significantly reduce their risk of dying early and of developing heart
disease, even if a sports club or gym is not an option, according to a new international study.
Tracking 130,000 people in 17 countries, both rich and poor, the study found that whether it’s going to the gym, walking to work, or tackling household chores like laundry or gardening, being physically active extends life and reduces illness. The researchers, led by Scott Lear, a heart specialist at St Paul’s Hospital in Canada, also found a so-called dose response: The more people exercise, the greater the reductions are in their risks of getting heart disease or dying early. The study found “no ceiling effect”, the researchers said, and “no risks associated with extremely high levels of physical activity,” defined as more than 2,500 minutes, or more than 41 hours, per week.
Cardiovascular disease is the world’s leading cause of death and a major economic burden in treatment and care for those who develop it. It killed 9.48 million people globally in 2016.
“Walking for as little as 30 minutes most days of the week has a substantial benefit, and higher physical activity is associated with even lower risks,” Lear said in a comment about the findings, published on Friday in The Lancet medical journal. He also noted that some measures to prevent or treat heart disease, such as taking medicines or eating more fruit and vegetables, can be unaffordable for the world’s poorest people. Yet walking is free and brings substantial health gains.
The World Health Organization recommends that adults aged 18 to 64 do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity throughout each week, as well as muscle strengthening exercises at least two days a week. But experts estimate almost a quarter of the world’s people do not reach these guideline levels.
Lear’s team said their study findings suggest that if the entire population were to meet the guidelines, one in 12 of the world’s premature deaths would be averted and 4.6 percent of heart disease cases prevented.
Tracking 130,000 people in 17 countries, both rich and poor, the study found that whether it’s going to the gym, walking to work, or tackling household chores like laundry or gardening, being physically active extends life and reduces illness. The researchers, led by Scott Lear, a heart specialist at St Paul’s Hospital in Canada, also found a so-called dose response: The more people exercise, the greater the reductions are in their risks of getting heart disease or dying early. The study found “no ceiling effect”, the researchers said, and “no risks associated with extremely high levels of physical activity,” defined as more than 2,500 minutes, or more than 41 hours, per week.
Cardiovascular disease is the world’s leading cause of death and a major economic burden in treatment and care for those who develop it. It killed 9.48 million people globally in 2016.
“Walking for as little as 30 minutes most days of the week has a substantial benefit, and higher physical activity is associated with even lower risks,” Lear said in a comment about the findings, published on Friday in The Lancet medical journal. He also noted that some measures to prevent or treat heart disease, such as taking medicines or eating more fruit and vegetables, can be unaffordable for the world’s poorest people. Yet walking is free and brings substantial health gains.
The World Health Organization recommends that adults aged 18 to 64 do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity throughout each week, as well as muscle strengthening exercises at least two days a week. But experts estimate almost a quarter of the world’s people do not reach these guideline levels.
Lear’s team said their study findings suggest that if the entire population were to meet the guidelines, one in 12 of the world’s premature deaths would be averted and 4.6 percent of heart disease cases prevented.
KELLAND, Kate. Disponível em:<http://www.reuters.com/article/us-puretech-health-gelesis-study/puretechs-gelesis-says-obesity-drug-achieved-weight-loss-in-study-idUSKCN1C00PD> . Acesso em 25/09/2017. Texto Adaptado.
As stated by the researchers, a “dose response”(paragraph 2) stands for:
Q1363370
Matemática
O diagnóstico de diabetes pode ser obtido com um
exame de sangue realizado com jejum de oito horas.
Se a concentração de glicose no sangue for igual ou
superior a 60 mg/dl e inferior a 100 mg/dl, ela é
considerada normal; se for maior ou igual a 100 mg/dl,
e inferior a 125 mg/dl, então, o paciente é pré
diabético; se a concentração for de pelo menos 125
mg/dl, o paciente é diagnosticado como diabético. A
tabela a seguir contém os resultados de exames
realizados, certo dia, em uma clínica.
Estudos indicam que 70% dos pacientes pré-diabéticos que poderiam desenvolver a doença podem evitá-la com uma alimentação saudável e a prática regular de exercícios físicos. Admitindo que o resultado desse estudo se aplique à situação sintetizada na tabela, qual percentual de pacientes da clínica, nesse dia, é de pré-diabéticos que podem evitar a doença com alimentação saudável e prática de exercícios físicos? Indique o valor inteiro mais próximo do valor obtido.
Estudos indicam que 70% dos pacientes pré-diabéticos que poderiam desenvolver a doença podem evitá-la com uma alimentação saudável e a prática regular de exercícios físicos. Admitindo que o resultado desse estudo se aplique à situação sintetizada na tabela, qual percentual de pacientes da clínica, nesse dia, é de pré-diabéticos que podem evitar a doença com alimentação saudável e prática de exercícios físicos? Indique o valor inteiro mais próximo do valor obtido.
Q1363371
Matemática
O banco de sangue de certa cidade recebe uma média de 100 doadores por semana. O número de doadores de cada tipo sanguíneo, em uma determinada semana, está registrado na tabela a seguir.
Se uma das pessoas doadoras dessa semana é
selecionada ao acaso, qual a probabilidade percentual
de ela não ter sangue do tipo AB?
Q1363372
Matemática
. A nicotina é altamente tóxica e pode causar sérios
danos à saúde, tanto de fumantes quanto de fumantes
passivos. Após a nicotina ser absorvida pelo
organismo, a cada duas horas, a quantidade dessa
substância presente no organismo fica reduzida à
metade. Se, oito horas após absorver a nicotina de um
cigarro, a quantidade dessa substância presente no
organismo de um indivíduo é de 0,3125 mg, qual a
quantidade de nicotina absorvida ao fumar o cigarro?
Q1363373
Matemática
Segundo os nutricionistas, uma vida saudável é
consequência de uma série de fatores, como
alimentação balanceada e exercícios físicos. Suponha que um paciente precise consumir 3,5 mg de cálcio, 50
mg de ferro e 410 mg de magnésio. Os alimentos X, Y
e Z possuem, por porção, respectivamente: 0,5 mg,
0,4 mg e 0,3 mg de cálcio; 6 mg, 6 mg e 8 mg de ferro
e 50 mg, 60 mg e 30 mg de magnésio. A tabela a seguir apresenta as quantidades de cálcio, ferro e
magnésio, em uma porção dos alimentos X, Y e Z.
Se o paciente deve obter as quantidades exatas de cálcio, ferro e magnésio alimentando-se de porções dos alimentos X, Y e Z, quantas porções de X o paciente precisa consumir?
Se o paciente deve obter as quantidades exatas de cálcio, ferro e magnésio alimentando-se de porções dos alimentos X, Y e Z, quantas porções de X o paciente precisa consumir?
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