What you do first thing in the morning could put you well on your way if you get it right, according to the mountains of advice and research into how our bodies wake up. Here’s a roundup of the best advice on how to spend your first few hours of every day:

               Don’t drink coffee
          Our bodies naturally produce a hormone called cortisol, which makes us feel more awake. But the caffeine in coffee can interfere with our body’s cortisol production, and over time this can lead us to become more dependent on caffeine and produce less cortisol naturally — so save it until after around 10 a.m.
            Don’t stay in bed       Exercise is always part of the answer when the question is about being healthier/happier/more productive. But more specifically, pre-breakfast exercise can have its own benefits. A study in Belgium found that exercising before breakfast can help you lose weight by burning more fat than you would later on in the day.
         ...but do eat cake
        Saving the best until last: eat cake: a study of 193 obese adults found that eating cookies or chocolate as part of breakfast stems craving sweet foods later on in the day. In other words, incorporating cake into your morning routine can actually make you healthier for the rest of the day. It’s science; don’t question it.

Disponível em: www.indy100.com. Acesso em: nov. 2016 (adaptado). 

No trecho “stems craving sweet foods”, o termo “stems” significa  

         When we think of deadly poisons, most of our minds will jump instantly to arsenic. George III of England, Napoleon Bonaparte and the Gaungxu Emperor of China are all thought to have died from its effects — either from a deliberate assassination or accidental exposure. Just 200 milligrams — around the weight of a raindrop — is enough to kill someone within two hours. The first sign is a metallic taste in your mouth, followed by vomiting and seizures, and death. It sounds horrific — but arsenic is positively innocuous compared to other substances.
         Consider tetrodotoxin (TTX), a poison found in puffer fish and blue-ringed octopuses that leaves you paralysed as your body goes through some agonising reactions. “Your lips and tongue will begin to burn, your mouth will erupt with saliva and you’ll get very sweaty,” Dominic Burgess from BritLab explains. “You’ll no longer be able to speak, swallow, seizures will begin and your body will slowly shut down — all while you are completely lucid but unable to move.” Death comes after six hours of symptoms and there is no antidote.
      Often these poisons are alarmingly close to home. One lethal chemical — cardiac glycoside digoxin — can be found in a common garden flower, while the deadliest can be seen in many hospitals; just 2 kg would be enough to wipe out the whole of the human race.

Disponível em: www.bbc.com. Acesso em: out. 2016 (adaptado).

O objetivo do texto apresentado é

The editor-in-chief of one of the world’s most prestigious medical journals has said doctors and medical professionals should engage in protests to address climate change. Richard Horton of The Lancet said that engaging in these protests is part of the duty of a doctor. He said that the General Medical Council (GMC) should be fully supportive of health professionals who engage in climate protests based on its own guidelines on the duties of a doctor. His statement comes after multiple health organizations have taken action on climate change in the United Kingdom. 

Disponível em: www.scientificamerican.com. Acesso em: out. 2019 (adaptado). 

O objetivo do texto anterior é  

      “Isn’t Nancy through in the kitchen yet?” Mother said. “It seems to me that she has had plenty of time to have finished the dishes.”
       “Let Quentin go and see,” Father said. “Go and see if Nancy is through, Quentin. Tell her she can go on home.”
        I went to the kitchen. Nancy was through. The dishes were put away and the fire was out. Nancy was sitting in a chair, close to the cold stove. She looked at me.
       “Mother wants to know if you are through,” I said.
      “Yes,” Nancy said. She looked at me. “I done finished.” She looked at me.
       “What is it?” I said. “What is it?”
      “I ain’t nothing but a nigger,” Nancy said. “It ain’t none of it my fault.”



FAULKNER, W. That evening sun. A rose for Emily and other stories. Nova York: Random House Inc., 1931 (adaptado).


As marcas linguísticas presentes nas falas ‘I done finished.’ e ‘It ain’t none of it my fault.’ da personagem Nancy revelam