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Questões de Vestibular Comentadas sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês

Foram encontradas 225 questões

Ano: 2015 Banca: PUC - GO Órgão: PUC-GO Prova: PUC - GO - 2015 - PUC-GO - Vestibular - 2º Semestre |
Q584545 Inglês

TEXTO 4

      A dúvida, continuou Laura, maldita dúvida. Essa é minha companheira, a sombra inconveniente que me segura pelos calcanhares, que há de seguir comigo até o túmulo. A morte de Tomázia, será que ela me convinha? Talvez me conviesse. Essa hipótese, eu não tenho como descartar. Seu desaparecimento anularia a prova de meu crime? Teria poder para apaziguar a culpa que continuava latejando mesmo depois de meu rompimento definitivo com Vítor? A dúvida acabou se revelando muito superior à certeza. Mil, um milhão de vezes mais forte. Talvez se eu tivesse sido obrigada a confessar meu crime aos pés de um juiz, se tivesse sido enjaulada entre mulheres que me odiavam, que me submetessem ao horror do estupro, que atentassem contra minha pessoa, a sensação de culpa tivesse sido atenuada. Juro que cheguei a sentir inveja do destino reservado às muçulmanas que cometem o pecado do adultério. Desejei, sim, ser publicamente difamada, arrastada pelos cabelos, enterrada até o pescoço, e, finalmente, ter a cabeça esfacelada a pedradas. Qualquer coisa, qualquer situação limite teria sido menos penosa do que seguir carregando a culpa, enquanto simulava a mais absoluta indiferença. Não tenho vocação para o disfarce, a simulação. Ah, como eu lamentei a perda de meu direito de exibir minha fraqueza como outras mulheres faziam! Mas não, eu tinha a permanente obrigação de ser forte, de estar preparada para o momento em que meu mundo viesse abaixo, como veio.

      A visão de mulheres com as cabeças esfaceladas, transformadas em um bolo de carne sangrento e disforme, partículas de cérebro espatifadas pra tudo que é lado, arrepiou meu corpo dolorido. Sentindo um princípio de náusea, comecei a fungar uma emoçãozinha desconfiada. Essa bruxa tá me embromando, penso, daqui a pouco eu entro na dela, caio em prantos e, alagada de piedade, abraço a velha, aliso seus cabelos grisalhos, cubro-lhe a face enrugada com beijinhos consoladores. Calma, tia, calma! Cuidado com a pressão. Tem aí algum tranquilizante que eu possa lhe dar?

                                   (BARROS, Adelice da Silveira. A mesa dos inocentes. Goiânia: Kelps, 2010. p. 23.)

      In Text 4, we note a number of terms in Portuguese relating to the human body and the field of medicine such as “pressão", “tranquilizante", “face", “cabelo", “cérebro" and “corpo".

      Read the following text on blood pressure, and choose the correct words from the options below to fill in the blanks in the text.

      “Blood ______________ is the force of your blood pushing against the ______________ of your arteries. Each time your heart ______________, it pumps blood into the arteries. Your blood pressure is highest when your heart beats, pumping the blood. This is called systolic pressure. When your ______________ is at rest, between beats, your blood pressure falls. This is called diastolic pressure. Your blood pressure reading uses these two ______________. Usually the systolic number comes before or above the diastolic number."

          (Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/highbloodpressure.html. Accessed on: 1 jan. 2014.)

Alternativas
Ano: 2015 Banca: PUC - GO Órgão: PUC-GO Prova: PUC - GO - 2015 - PUC-GO - Vestibular - 2º Semestre |
Q584536 Inglês

TEXTO 3

                              A dor do mundo

      Eu não queria sair do meu brinquedo. Eu escrevia versos na areia na clara areia sob a paineira frondosa ou pensava mundos com a mão enquanto mexia com a terra. Eram formas de nada que acabavam compondo seres estranhos, animais de outro mundo, fantasmas, tudo o que a areia podia fornecer às minhas mãos de oito anos. Mas mãos de oito anos já suportam a alça de um balde com água, ou um feixe de gravetos para ajudar a fazer fogo no fogão a lenha. Mãos de oito anos já podem fazer coisas concretas, como tirar água da cisterna se o balde não for muito grande. Elas não servem apenas para criar mundos com terra molhada ou escrever poemas na areia seca. Não se pode dizer que é feio ser pobre, mas não há como negar que a pobreza dói. E essa dor sentida pelo adulto é intuída pela criança das mais variadas formas. Todas elas repousam na intrincada natureza do não. Era tão simples o meu modo de brincar. Do que vivenciei na infância, ficaram os mais puros fios de tristeza. As alegrias ficaram nas intenções de ser. As mais puras veias de dor. As sensações de não compreensão por estar ali, fazendo o quê? O que fazia ali, um menino com dor de ter de ficar ali, no canto do mundo, mirando e mirando as coisas em si? Todas elas ali, do mesmo jeito do monte de lenha, ou das galinhas no terreiro que aprendi desde cedo a entender sua forma enigmática de olhar o mundo. Elas olhavam ao ar como se vissem algo que pudesse anunciar um estranhamento qualquer com que se devesse ter cuidado. O universo das galinhas é uma espécie de síntese crucial da humanidade. Uma de minhas obrigações era colher os ovos nos ninhos esparramados pelo quintal. Eu gostava e não gostava de fazer esse trabalho. De procurar eu gostava. Os ninhos ficavam bem escondidos e arquitetonicamente perfeitos. Eram construídos em espaços difíceis. Ao construírem seus ninhos, as galinhas optam pelo difícil, como os bons poetas. Suas escolhas se apresentam desde a topologia do lugar onde constroem até o detalhamento, a perfeição na elaboração do ninho. Havia ninhos que ficavam suspensos em filetes secos, ramos complexos, espaços abertos. Havia ninhos que ficavam suspensos e presos por poucos ramos. Mas ficavam muito bem protegidos. Encontrá-los era uma emoção, era uma quase de felicidade. Sempre era nova a sensação. Se acontecesse da galinha estar no ninho, eu me afastava rapidamente e da maneira mais delicada possível. Ela poderia se assustar e aquele era um momento mágico. Eu só me aproximava do ninho, na ausência da galinha. Daí, ao ver aquilo, como se fosse a primeira vez que eu via um ninho e ainda mais precioso, como se fosse a primeira vez que eu visse um ninho de galinha com ovos, então eu ficava a contemplar por um tempo, sem saber o que fazer a não ser olhar pro ninho e olhar pros ovos e olhar pro ninho com ovos e ficar olhando. A forma de composição era tão perfeita e tão bonita que minhas mãos não conseguiam tocar os ovos. Era a profunda sensação do proibido que me invadia. Na verdade, era uma espécie de crime o que a gente cometia. Imaginemos como a galinha se sentia ao ver o seu belo ninho quase completamente esvaziado. Eu deixava só um, o endez, para ela não abandonar o ninho. Era bom, por outro lado, encher de ovos o cestinho de vime e ir correndo mostrar pra minha mãe o meu grande feito. Algumas vezes, e isso era raro, surgia entre os ovos, uns dois ou três azuis. Era muito bonito e a gente mostrava pra todo o mundo. Esse universo de aves e ninhos é muito rico e muito próximo do processo de composição artístico. Guimarães Rosa mostrou isso de forma maravilhosa na sua narrativa Uns inhos engenheiros, criando uma analogia entre o processo de criação do ninho do pássaro e o poema lírico. Para mim, a relação era totalmente lúdica.

                                       (GONÇALVES, Aguinaldo. Das estampas. São Paulo: Nankin, 2013. p. 64-65.)

In Text 3 there is a careful reference to the chicken world. Select the alternative in which all the words are names of birds:
Alternativas
Ano: 2015 Banca: UERJ Órgão: UERJ Prova: UERJ - 2015 - UERJ - Vestibular -Segundo Exame |
Q583781 Inglês

In the text, there are euphemisms to refer to Maya Angelou’s death.

The words used by the author that represent euphemisms are:

Alternativas
Ano: 2015 Banca: PUC - Campinas Órgão: PUC - Campinas Prova: PUC - Campinas - 2015 - PUC - Campinas - Vestibular |
Q548458 Inglês

Machiavellianism" is a ...... used negative term to characterize unscrupulous politicians of the sort Machiavelli described in The Prince. The book itself gained enormous notoriety and wide readership because most readers assumed the author was teaching and endorsing evil and immoral behavior. Because of this, the term "Machiavellian" is often associated with deceit, deviousness, ambition, and brutality. However that was Machiavelli's stylistic device to gain the reader's attention for his close analysis of the actual techniques used by rulers.

(Adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3% B2_Machiavelli)

The word that correctly fills in the blank is

Alternativas
Ano: 2015 Banca: PUC - GO Órgão: PUC-GO Prova: PUC - GO - 2015 - PUC-GO - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q533987 Inglês
TEXTO 3  

                                       O outro

     Ele me olhou como se estivesse descobrindo o mundo. Me olhou e reolhou em fração de segundo. Só vi isso porque estava olhando-o na mesma sintonia. A singularização do olhar. Tentei disfarçar virando o pescoço para a direita e para a esquerda, como se estivesse fazendo um exercício, e numa dessas viradas olhei rapidamente para ele no volante. Ele me olhava e volveu rapidamente os olhos, fingindo estar tirando um cisco da camisa. Era um ser de meia idade, os cabelos com alguns fios grisalhos, postura de gente séria, camisa branca, um cidadão comum que jamais flertaria com outra pessoa no trânsito. E assim, enquanto o semáforo estava no vermelho para nós, ficou esse jogo de olhares que não queriam se fixar, mas observar o outro espécime que nada tinha de diferente e ao mesmo tempo tinha tudo de diferente. Ele era o outro e isso era tudo. É como se, na igualdade de milhares de humanos, de repente, o ser se redescobrisse num outro espécime. Quando o semáforo ficou verde, nós nos olhamos e acionamos os motores. 

                                              (GONÇALVES, Aguinaldo. Das estampas. São Paulo: Nankin, 2013. p. 130.)

In Text 3 the action of seeing is repeatedly used. Choose the alternative in which all the verbs are connected with the idea of seeing
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: FADBA Órgão: Fadba Prova: FADBA - 2014 - Fadba - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1388775 Inglês
Read the questions. Look at the return-and-refund policy. Circle the answers. Return-and-Refund Policy

Full refunds:

We will refund 100% of the price for all books and for other new,

Unopened merchandise that is returned within 30 days. Items should be returned in their original product packaging. You will receive your refund check in six weeks.

Partial refunds:

We will refund less than 100% of the price for:

  •  Any items that are returned after more than 30 days.
  •  Any CD, DVD, or video game that is not in its plastic wrapping.
  •  Any item not in perfect condition.
How to send your return:


1.Call 1-800-555-3132 and ask for a shipping label.
2.Pack the items along with the receipt in a box. You can use the box that the arrived in or another box.
3.Put the shipping label on the outside of the box.
4.Bring the package to the post office.


Leia o texto e responda a questão, apenas uma alternativa.

Circle the letter of the correct answer to complete each sentence.

1. Maria often goes to the movies by____________.

Alternativas
Q1357100 Inglês
Cycling


What's the furthest you have ever cycled?


Perhaps you cycle to school or to work, or maybe at most a short cycling trip with friends? How would you feel about spending months on the road travelling solo from the UK to China, by bike?
For British cyclist Pete Jones, camping rough and cycling long distances through inhospitable terrain are second nature. Mr Jones is currently undertaking a mammoth trip across the Eurasian continent from Britain to China.
Pete Jones is no stranger to China. But he says many people there are puzzled by his passion for cycling, asking why he would choose to cycle when he can afford a car. Indeed, while there are an estimated 400 million bicycles in China, where it has long been the preferred form of transport, rapid economic growth has fuelled an explosive expansion in car ownership.
Edward Genochio, another British cyclist who completed a 41,000km trip to China and back, said one of his aims was to "promote cycling as a safe, sustainable and environmentally benign means of getting about".
In the UK, the last few years have seen a rise in the number of people choosing two wheels over four, with some estimates saying the number of people cycling to work has almost doubled in the last five years.
Politicians also see cycling as a way to boost their eco-credentials, with people such as London mayor Boris Johnson often riding to work under his own steam. But we may have to wait some time before we see him emulating Pete Jones in attempting to cycle all the way to China!
Fonte: www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/... 
According to the text, the underlined word “rough” is:
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FASM Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - FASM - Vestibular Medicina |
Q1340965 Inglês

Leia o texto para responder à questão.


Do fat people stay warmer than thin people?

Pack on some extra pounds for winter

By Daniel Engber

01.02.2014

    At the yearly Rottnest Channel Swim in Western Australia, participants often smear their bodies with animal fat for insulation against the 70-degree water. But their own body fat also helps to keep them warm, like an extra layer of clothing beneath the skin. When scientists studied aspects of the event in 2006, they found that swimmers with a greater body mass index (BMI) appear to be at much lower risk of getting hypothermia.

    The same effect has been demonstrated in hospitals where patients who’ve suffered cardiac arrest are treated with “therapeutic hypothermia” to stave off brain injury and inflammation. Studies have shown that it takes longer to induce hypothermia in obese patients than in their leaner counterparts. The extra fat seems to insulate the body’s core.

    Under certain conditions, though, overweight people might feel colder than people of average weight. That’s because the brain combines two signals — the temperature inside the body and the temperature on the surface of the skin — to determine when it’s time to constrict blood vessels (which limits heat loss through the skin) and trigger shivering (which generates heat). And since subcutaneous fat traps heat, an obese person’s core will tend to remain warm while his or her skin cools down. According to Catherine O’Brien, a research physiologist with the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, it’s possible that the lower skin temperature would give fatter people the sense of being colder overall.

    But O’Brien points out that many other factors beyond subcutaneous fat help determine the rate at which we chill. Smaller people, who have more surface area compared to the total volume of their bodies, lose heat more quickly. (It’s often said that women feel colder than men; average body size may play a part.) A more muscular physique may also offer some protection against hypothermia, partly because muscle tissue generates lots of heat. “We have a joke around here that the person who’s best-suited for cold is fit and fat,” says O’Brien.

(www.popsci.com)

No trecho do segundo parágrafo – The same effect has been demonstrated in hospitals where patients who’ve suffered cardiac arrest are treated with “therapeutic hypothermia” to stave off brain injury and inflammation. –, a expressão em destaque pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - FAMERP - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q1335314 Inglês

Texto 1

Call to halve target for added sugar

People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.


    A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake. Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said “demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity epidemic”
    The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance, without factoring in sugar from any other source.
    Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity. By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those things, the challenge will be to get there.”
    The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g (seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average diet.
    Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits for life. This report will inform the important debate taking place about sugar.”

(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)


Texto 2

    Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight
    We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
    In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer calories to shed those pounds.
    Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health benefits.

(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)

No trecho do primeiro parágrafo do texto 2 “the chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these foods are slim.”, a palavra em destaque pode ser substituída, mantendo-se o mesmo sentido da frase, por
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - FAMERP - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q1335312 Inglês

Texto 1

Call to halve target for added sugar

People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.


    A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake. Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said “demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity epidemic”
    The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance, without factoring in sugar from any other source.
    Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity. By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those things, the challenge will be to get there.”
    The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g (seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average diet.
    Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits for life. This report will inform the important debate taking place about sugar.”

(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)


Texto 2

    Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight
    We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
    In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer calories to shed those pounds.
    Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health benefits.

(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)

No trecho do último parágrafo do texto 1 “We know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on health”, a expressão em destaque indica
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - FAMERP - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q1335310 Inglês

Texto 1

Call to halve target for added sugar

People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.


    A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake. Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said “demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity epidemic”
    The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance, without factoring in sugar from any other source.
    Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity. By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those things, the challenge will be to get there.”
    The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g (seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average diet.
    Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits for life. This report will inform the important debate taking place about sugar.”

(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)


Texto 2

    Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight
    We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
    In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer calories to shed those pounds.
    Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health benefits.

(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)

In the sentence from the last paragraph of text 2 “Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and veggies in your diet, though.”, the word in bold can be replaced, with no change in the sense of the sentence, by
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: Faculdade Cultura Inglesa Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - Faculdade Cultura Inglesa - Vestibular - Prova 01 |
Q1274510 Inglês
How climate change ended world’s first great civilisations
David Keys
Monday, 3 March 2014
    The world’s first great civilisations appear to have collapsed because of an ancient episode of climate change – according to new research carried out by scientists and archaeologists. Their investigation demonstrates that the Bronze Age ‘megacities’ of the Indus Valley region of Pakistan and north-west India declined during the 21st and 20th centuries BC and never recovered – because of a dramatic increase in drought conditions. The research, carried out by the University of Cambridge and India’s Banaras Hindu University, reveals that a series of droughts lasting some 200 years hit the Indus Valley zone – and was probably responsible for the rapid decline of the great Bronze Age urban civilisation of that region.
    It’s now thought likely that the droughts at around that time were partly responsible for the collapse not only of the Indus Valley Civilisation, but also of the ancient Akkadian Empire, Old Kingdom Egypt and possibly Early Bronze Age civilisations in Greece. “Our evidence suggests that it was the most intense period of drought – probably due to frequent monsoon failure – in the 5000 year-long period we have examined,” said University of Cambridge Palaeoclimate scientist Professor David Hodell. The scientists studying the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilisation obtained their new evidence from a dried-up lake bed near India’s capital New Delhi which is just 40 miles east of the eastern edge of the Indus Valley Civilisation.
    The Indus Valley ‘megacities’ – some with populations of up to 100,000 – rapidly declined. Populations shrank and the old urban civilisation, which had lasted 500 years, collapsed.
    “Archaeologists get an opportunity to investigate how ancient populations responded to climatic and environmental change,” said University of Cambridge archaeologist, Dr. Cameron Petrie. “For the Indus populations, it looks as though living in large groups became untenable, and it was much more sustainable to live in smaller groups. This is of course a huge simplification of a complex process, but this transformation is the underlying dynamicˮ.
(www.independent.co.uk. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the second paragraph –– It’s now thought likely that the droughts –, the word likely can be replaced, without changing the meaning of the sentence, by
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: Faculdade Cultura Inglesa Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - Faculdade Cultura Inglesa - Vestibular - Prova 01 |
Q1274509 Inglês
How climate change ended world’s first great civilisations
David Keys
Monday, 3 March 2014
    The world’s first great civilisations appear to have collapsed because of an ancient episode of climate change – according to new research carried out by scientists and archaeologists. Their investigation demonstrates that the Bronze Age ‘megacities’ of the Indus Valley region of Pakistan and north-west India declined during the 21st and 20th centuries BC and never recovered – because of a dramatic increase in drought conditions. The research, carried out by the University of Cambridge and India’s Banaras Hindu University, reveals that a series of droughts lasting some 200 years hit the Indus Valley zone – and was probably responsible for the rapid decline of the great Bronze Age urban civilisation of that region.
    It’s now thought likely that the droughts at around that time were partly responsible for the collapse not only of the Indus Valley Civilisation, but also of the ancient Akkadian Empire, Old Kingdom Egypt and possibly Early Bronze Age civilisations in Greece. “Our evidence suggests that it was the most intense period of drought – probably due to frequent monsoon failure – in the 5000 year-long period we have examined,” said University of Cambridge Palaeoclimate scientist Professor David Hodell. The scientists studying the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilisation obtained their new evidence from a dried-up lake bed near India’s capital New Delhi which is just 40 miles east of the eastern edge of the Indus Valley Civilisation.
    The Indus Valley ‘megacities’ – some with populations of up to 100,000 – rapidly declined. Populations shrank and the old urban civilisation, which had lasted 500 years, collapsed.
    “Archaeologists get an opportunity to investigate how ancient populations responded to climatic and environmental change,” said University of Cambridge archaeologist, Dr. Cameron Petrie. “For the Indus populations, it looks as though living in large groups became untenable, and it was much more sustainable to live in smaller groups. This is of course a huge simplification of a complex process, but this transformation is the underlying dynamicˮ.
(www.independent.co.uk. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo, grandes civilizações da Antiguidade
Alternativas
Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: Faculdade Cultura Inglesa Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - Faculdade Cultura Inglesa - Vestibular - Prova 01 |
Q1274506 Inglês

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50 indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.

    Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers said severe weather was impacting their business, “other comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in January, from December. Compared to the same month last year, construction spending was up 9.3%.

    However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’ sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop. Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases of 11% and 16% respectively.

    Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions improve, the discounts will reduce.

(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)

No trecho do segundo parágrafo – Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce –, a palavra em destaque tem, em português, sentido equivalente a
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Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: Faculdade Cultura Inglesa Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - Faculdade Cultura Inglesa - Vestibular - Prova 01 |
Q1274505 Inglês

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

    The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50 indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.

    Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers said severe weather was impacting their business, “other comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in January, from December. Compared to the same month last year, construction spending was up 9.3%.

    However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’ sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop. Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases of 11% and 16% respectively.

    Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions improve, the discounts will reduce.

(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)

No trecho do segundo parágrafo – demand and growth in the near term –, a expressão em destaque tem, em português, sentido equivalente a
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Ano: 2014 Banca: PUC-PR Órgão: PUC - RJ Prova: PUC-PR - 2014 - PUC - PR - Vestibular |
Q537085 Inglês
                                                    An Italian Holiday Home For One Euro.

Are you looking for a holiday home in Italy? Why not buy a home in the picturesque town of Gangi for one Euro? This offer may seem too good to be true, but there's a catch: you have to promise to renovate the property within three years and this could cost you €20,000. Gangi's mayor came up with the idea to put some life back into the Sicilian town. Poverty caused many inhabitants to leave after World War II. The idea is attracting interest from all over the world. Would you buy one of these homes?

Disponível em: <http://tinytexts.wordpress.com/>. Acesso em: setembro de 2014
These words from the text: picturesque, too good to be true, catch, came up, poverty could be replaced with no change in their meanings for the following words respectively.
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Ano: 2014 Banca: PUC-PR Órgão: PUC - RJ Prova: PUC-PR - 2014 - PUC - PR - Vestibular |
Q537084 Inglês
                                                 Read the text and answer the following question.

The master's program “British and American Cultures: Texts and Media" deals with the cultural productions of Great Britain and the United States of America in all their forms and variations. In addition to the research-oriented examination of English and American literature from their beginnings to the present day, the program also focuses on contemporary theoretical and critical discourses such as postcolonial studies, cultural studies, gender studies, performance studies, and media studies. From the dramas of Shakespeare to the representation of gender in American and British television, from Hamlet to the narrative forms of new media, a broad spectrum of texts will be discussed from multiple theoretical and methodological perspectives. Students will learn advanced analytical skills in dealing with fiction, poetry, drama, photography, movies, paintings, comics, and music. The course puts a special emphasis on innovative didactic methods of communication and on independent research work conducted by students. These approaches include, for example, the guided organization of a conference, symposium, or publication during which the students will be showcasing their own projects or research papers. Students will attend seminars and lectures in both English and American Studies with the option to specialize in one of these disciplines in the later part of the program.

Disponível em:
<http://www.uni hamburg.de/iaa/Master_British_and_American_Cultures.html>. Acesso em: setembro 2014.
The words highlighted in the text: deals, examination, broad, research and option could be replaced by the following with no change in their meanings:
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Ano: 2014 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNESP Prova: VUNESP - 2014 - UNESP - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q491451 Inglês
                              Pediatric group advises parents to read to kids

June 26, 2014
By Amy Graff

                        imagem-005.jpg

            Reading Go Dog Go to your 6 month old might seem like wasted time because she’s more likely to eat the book than help you turn the pages, but a statement released by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) this week says reading in the early years is essential. Reading out loud gets parents talking to their babies and the sound of an adult’s voice stimulates that tiny yet rapidly growing brain. In the statement, the academy advises pediatricians to tell parents to read books to their children from birth.
            Reading regularly with young children stimulates optimal patterns of brain development and strengthens parent-child relationships at a critical time in child development, which, in turn, builds language, literacy, and social-emotional skills that last a lifetime. Research shows that a child’s brain develops faster between 0 and 3 than at any other time in life, making the early years a critical time for babies to hear rich oral language. The more words children hear directed at them by parents and caregivers, the more they learn.
            While many babies are read Goodnight Moon and The Very Hungry Caterpillar every night before bed, others never get a chance to “pat the bunny.” Studies reveal that children from low-income, less-educated families have significantly fewer books than their more affluent peers. By age 4, children in poverty hear 30 million fewer words than those in higher-income households. These dramatic gaps result in significant learning disadvantages that persist into adulthood. The AAP hopes the new guidelines will encourage all parents to start reading from day one.
            Research shows that when pediatricians talk with parents about reading, moms and dads are more likely to fill their home with books and read. Also, to help get more parents reading, the AAP is partnering with organizations such as Scholastic and Too Small to Fail to help get reading materials to new families who need books the most.
            This is the first time the AAP has made a recommendation on children’s literary education and it seems the timing might be just right as more and more parents are leaning on screens and electronic gadget to occupy their babies. “The reality of today’s world is that we’re competing with portable digital media,” Dr. Alanna Levine, a pediatrician in Orangeburg, N.Y., told The New York Times. “So you really want to arm parents with tools and rationale behind it about why it’s important to stick to the basics of things like books.”

                                                                                                                        (http://blog.seattlepi.com. Adaptado.)
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “that tiny yet rapidly growing brain”, o termo em destaque indica
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Ano: 2013 Banca: FAG Órgão: FAG Prova: FAG - 2013 - FAG - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre - Medicina |
Q1357884 Inglês
Read the following text and Choose the alternative which provides the correct words that complete the text above, respectively:

Language instructors are often frustrated by the fact that students do not automatically ____ (1) the strategies they use when reading in their native language to reading in a language they are learning. Instead, they seem to think reading means starting at the beginning and going word by word, stopping to ____ (2) every unknown vocabulary item, until they reach the end. When they do this, students are relying exclusively on their linguistic knowledge, a ____ (3) strategy. One of the most importante functions of the language instructor, then, is to help students move past this idea and use ____ (4) strategies as they do in their native language. Effective language instructors show students how they can adjust their reading behavior to deal with a variety of situations, types of input, and reading purposes. They help students develop a set of reading ____ (5) and match appropriate strategies to each reading situation.
Alternativas
Ano: 2013 Banca: FAG Órgão: FAG Prova: FAG - 2013 - FAG - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1355799 Inglês
Call for more help for poorest farmers


The founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates has said that the international community's efforts to fight hunger and poverty are inefficient and outdated. He said advances made by the digital revolution needed to be harnessed to help the world's poorest farmers more effectively.
Mr Gates said more needs to be done to support poor farmers in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere. He said there was a lack of coordination between governments, aid donors and the UN's agencies, like the World Food Programme. Mr Gates called for the setting up of what he called a “public score card” system.
This would make it easier to tell how well, or how badly, different countries and agencies were performing in the fight to reduce poverty.
He said the effort to help small farmers also needs to harness the power of advances made in digital technology. In an age when satellites can tell instantly exactly how much wheat is in a field, he said, it was a shame that people were still being sent out with pen, paper and tape measures to try to do the same job.
Mr Gates said that the stakes couldn't be higher for the families of poor farmers. If they don't benefit from the fruits of the digital revolution they will fall far behind. But Mr Gates believes that if they can be connected to some of the latest breakthroughs in science they will have a chance to leapfrog foward.
(Adapted from:www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews) 27th February 2012
According to Bill Gates, the international community's efforts to fight hunger and poverty are inefficient and outdated. (first paragraph) The word OUTDATED means:
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Respostas
161: B
162: A
163: A
164: B
165: B
166: D
167: B
168: B
169: D
170: E
171: D
172: B
173: D
174: D
175: B
176: B
177: C
178: A
179: A
180: C