Questões de Vestibular Comentadas sobre inglês

Foram encontradas 2.761 questões

Ano: 2019 Banca: FUVEST Órgão: FUVEST Prova: FUVEST - 2019 - FUVEST - Vestibular - Primeira Fase |
Q1397972 Inglês

    Assigning female genders to digital assistants such as Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa is helping entrench harmful gender biases, according to a UN agency.

    Research released by Unesco claims that the often submissive and flirty responses offered by the systemsto many queries – including outright abusive ones – reinforce ideas of women as subservient.

    “Because the speech of most voice assistants is female, it sends a signal that women are obliging, docile and eager‐to‐ please helpers, available at the touch of a button or with a blunt voice command like ‘hey’ or ‘OK’”, the report said.

    “The assistant holds no power of agency beyond what the commander asks of it. It honours commands and responds to queries regardless of their tone or hostility. In many communities, this reinforces commonly held gender biases that women are subservient and tolerant of poor treatment.”

    The Unesco publication was entitled “I’d Blush if I Could”; a reference to the response Apple’s Siri assistant offers to the phrase: “You’re a slut.” Amazon’s Alexa will respond: “Well, thanks for the feedback.”

    The papersaid such firms were “staffed by overwhelmingly male engineering teams” and have built AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems that “cause their feminised digital assistants to greet verbal abuse with catch‐me‐if‐you‐can flirtation”.

    Saniye Gülser Corat, Unesco’s director for gender equality, said: “The world needs to pay much closer attention to how, when and whether AI technologies are gendered and, crucially, who is gendering them.”

The Guardian, May, 2019. Adaptado.

Segundo o texto, o título do relatório publicado pela Unesco ‐ “I´d Blush if I Could” ‐, no que diz respeito aos assistentes digitais, indica
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Ano: 2019 Banca: FUNTEF - PR Órgão: IF-PR Prova: FUNTEF-PR - 2019 - IF-PR - Vestibular - Cursos Superiores |
Q1396738 Inglês

TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO. 


Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire

By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET


        An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.

        Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.

        But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.

        The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.

         "This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.

(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)

According to the text, it is correct to say:
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Ano: 2019 Banca: FUNTEF - PR Órgão: IF-PR Prova: FUNTEF-PR - 2019 - IF-PR - Vestibular - Cursos Superiores |
Q1396737 Inglês

TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO. 


Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire

By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET


        An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.

        Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.

        But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.

        The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.

         "This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.

(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)

Who discovered the shipwreck?
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Ano: 2019 Banca: FUNTEF - PR Órgão: IF-PR Prova: FUNTEF-PR - 2019 - IF-PR - Vestibular - Cursos Superiores |
Q1396736 Inglês

TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO. 


Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire

By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET


        An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.

        Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.

        But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.

        The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.

         "This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.

(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)

Why is the ship still largely intact?
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Ano: 2019 Banca: FUNTEF - PR Órgão: IF-PR Prova: FUNTEF-PR - 2019 - IF-PR - Vestibular - Cursos Superiores |
Q1396735 Inglês

TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO. 


Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire

By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET


        An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.

        Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.

        But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.

        The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.

         "This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.

(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)

When was the shipwreck first discovered?
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Ano: 2019 Banca: FUNTEF - PR Órgão: IF-PR Prova: FUNTEF-PR - 2019 - IF-PR - Vestibular - Cursos Superiores |
Q1396734 Inglês

TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO. 


Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire

By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET


        An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.

        Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.

        But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.

        The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.

         "This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.

(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)

The word "shipwreck" appears in the title and in the first paragraph of the text. What is the best definition of "shipwreck"?
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Ano: 2019 Banca: Cepros Órgão: CESMAC Prova: Cepros - 2019 - CESMAC - Prova de Medicina-2020.1- 1° DIA |
Q1391679 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

How we learn things shapes our memory

Humans are constantly learning new things. This ability helps us to grow and adapt to new situations daily. But a new study suggests that different learning mechanisms actually shape how the brain stores memories.

As humans, we have not only survived, but thrived throughout time thanks to our ability to learn and adapt to new situations.

Learning itself is a complex process, and there are different types of learning mechanisms through which the brain stores new information and updates old information.

In general terms, there are two ways of learning that humans use to acquire new information in the long term.

One is by association, or through experience. This is when we learn new things incidentally, just because we happened to come across them, or because we are in a new environment that we are learning to navigate little by little.

The other one is learning by reinforcement. This is when we purposefully set out to learn new information — when we take a language course, for example.

A new study conducted by researchers from the Department of Experimental Psychology, the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, and the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences — all in Oxford, United Kingdom — indicates that different learning mechanisms have links to memories stored in different parts of the brain.

The researchers add that not only do we store information differently depending on how we acquire it, but that it may be more or less easy for us to lose or change this information for the same reason.

The researchers also explain that the findings indicate that the brain can store information learned through reinforcement for a long time, while other types of information remain more available for updates.

"We also learned that some of this knowledge is very persistent, and the brain does not forget about it even when it becomes irrelevant, while knowledge acquired through an alternative learning mechanism is more flexible and can more easily be changed to new knowledge," notes KleinFlügge.

When it comes to unlearning or forgetting information, the researchers also note that information acquired incidentally through associations is easier to discard than information acquired through goal-oriented learning.

Adaptado de: < https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326826.php> Acessado em 29 de outubro de 2019.
When it comes to storing, retrieving and forgetting information
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Ano: 2019 Banca: Cepros Órgão: CESMAC Prova: Cepros - 2019 - CESMAC - Prova de Medicina-2020.1- 1° DIA |
Q1391678 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

How we learn things shapes our memory

Humans are constantly learning new things. This ability helps us to grow and adapt to new situations daily. But a new study suggests that different learning mechanisms actually shape how the brain stores memories.

As humans, we have not only survived, but thrived throughout time thanks to our ability to learn and adapt to new situations.

Learning itself is a complex process, and there are different types of learning mechanisms through which the brain stores new information and updates old information.

In general terms, there are two ways of learning that humans use to acquire new information in the long term.

One is by association, or through experience. This is when we learn new things incidentally, just because we happened to come across them, or because we are in a new environment that we are learning to navigate little by little.

The other one is learning by reinforcement. This is when we purposefully set out to learn new information — when we take a language course, for example.

A new study conducted by researchers from the Department of Experimental Psychology, the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, and the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences — all in Oxford, United Kingdom — indicates that different learning mechanisms have links to memories stored in different parts of the brain.

The researchers add that not only do we store information differently depending on how we acquire it, but that it may be more or less easy for us to lose or change this information for the same reason.

The researchers also explain that the findings indicate that the brain can store information learned through reinforcement for a long time, while other types of information remain more available for updates.

"We also learned that some of this knowledge is very persistent, and the brain does not forget about it even when it becomes irrelevant, while knowledge acquired through an alternative learning mechanism is more flexible and can more easily be changed to new knowledge," notes KleinFlügge.

When it comes to unlearning or forgetting information, the researchers also note that information acquired incidentally through associations is easier to discard than information acquired through goal-oriented learning.

Adaptado de: < https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326826.php> Acessado em 29 de outubro de 2019.
Generally speaking
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Ano: 2019 Banca: Cepros Órgão: CESMAC Prova: Cepros - 2019 - CESMAC - Prova de Medicina-2020.1- 1° DIA |
Q1391677 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

How we learn things shapes our memory

Humans are constantly learning new things. This ability helps us to grow and adapt to new situations daily. But a new study suggests that different learning mechanisms actually shape how the brain stores memories.

As humans, we have not only survived, but thrived throughout time thanks to our ability to learn and adapt to new situations.

Learning itself is a complex process, and there are different types of learning mechanisms through which the brain stores new information and updates old information.

In general terms, there are two ways of learning that humans use to acquire new information in the long term.

One is by association, or through experience. This is when we learn new things incidentally, just because we happened to come across them, or because we are in a new environment that we are learning to navigate little by little.

The other one is learning by reinforcement. This is when we purposefully set out to learn new information — when we take a language course, for example.

A new study conducted by researchers from the Department of Experimental Psychology, the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, and the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences — all in Oxford, United Kingdom — indicates that different learning mechanisms have links to memories stored in different parts of the brain.

The researchers add that not only do we store information differently depending on how we acquire it, but that it may be more or less easy for us to lose or change this information for the same reason.

The researchers also explain that the findings indicate that the brain can store information learned through reinforcement for a long time, while other types of information remain more available for updates.

"We also learned that some of this knowledge is very persistent, and the brain does not forget about it even when it becomes irrelevant, while knowledge acquired through an alternative learning mechanism is more flexible and can more easily be changed to new knowledge," notes KleinFlügge.

When it comes to unlearning or forgetting information, the researchers also note that information acquired incidentally through associations is easier to discard than information acquired through goal-oriented learning.

Adaptado de: < https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326826.php> Acessado em 29 de outubro de 2019.
According to the text
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Ano: 2019 Banca: Cepros Órgão: CESMAC Prova: Cepros - 2019 - CESMAC - Prova de Medicina-2020.1- 1° DIA |
Q1391676 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the following  question based on it.

Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial.

Abstract

In a prospective, randomised, controlled trial to determine whether comprehensive lifestyle changes affect coronary atherosclerosis after 1 year, 28 patients were assigned to an experimental group (low-fat vegetarian diet, stopping smoking, stress management training, and moderate exercise) and 20 to a usual-care control group. 195 coronary artery lesions were analysed by quantitative coronary angiography. The average percentage diameter stenosis regressed from 40.0 (SD 16.9)% to 37.8 (16.5)% in the experimental group yet progressed from 42.7 (15.5)% to 46.1 (18.5)% in the control group. When only lesions greater than 50% stenosed were analysed, the average percentage diameter stenosis regressed from 61.1 (8.8)% to 55.8 (11.0)% in the experimental group and progressed from 61.7 (9.5)% to 64.4 (16.3)% in the control group. Overall, 82% of experimental-group patients had an average change towards regression. Comprehensive lifestyle changes may be able to bring about regression of even severe coronary atherosclerosis after only 1 year, without use of lipidlowering drugs

Adaptado de:
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1973470> Acessado
em 27 de outubro de 2017.
In “Comprehensive lifestyle changes may be able to bring about regression…” may expresses:
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Ano: 2019 Banca: Cepros Órgão: CESMAC Prova: Cepros - 2019 - CESMAC - Prova de Medicina-2020.1- 1° DIA |
Q1391675 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the following  question based on it.

Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial.

Abstract

In a prospective, randomised, controlled trial to determine whether comprehensive lifestyle changes affect coronary atherosclerosis after 1 year, 28 patients were assigned to an experimental group (low-fat vegetarian diet, stopping smoking, stress management training, and moderate exercise) and 20 to a usual-care control group. 195 coronary artery lesions were analysed by quantitative coronary angiography. The average percentage diameter stenosis regressed from 40.0 (SD 16.9)% to 37.8 (16.5)% in the experimental group yet progressed from 42.7 (15.5)% to 46.1 (18.5)% in the control group. When only lesions greater than 50% stenosed were analysed, the average percentage diameter stenosis regressed from 61.1 (8.8)% to 55.8 (11.0)% in the experimental group and progressed from 61.7 (9.5)% to 64.4 (16.3)% in the control group. Overall, 82% of experimental-group patients had an average change towards regression. Comprehensive lifestyle changes may be able to bring about regression of even severe coronary atherosclerosis after only 1 year, without use of lipidlowering drugs

Adaptado de:
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1973470> Acessado
em 27 de outubro de 2017.
The research conducted showed that
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Ano: 2019 Banca: UEG Órgão: UEG Prova: UEG - 2019 - UEG - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q1391458 Inglês

Observe o infográfico a seguir para responder à questão .


Imagem associada para resolução da questão


According to the information expressed in the image and the data, The Global Goals, we verify that the 

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Ano: 2019 Banca: UEG Órgão: UEG Prova: UEG - 2019 - UEG - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q1391457 Inglês
This is how UN scientists are preparing for the end of capitalism


           Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests a new report commissioned by a group of scientists appointed by the UN secretary general. The main reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically different global economy, due to our increasingly unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s environmental resources and the shift to less efficient energy sources .
    Climate change and species extinctions are accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary to the way policymakers usually think about these problems these are not really separate crises at all.
        These crises are part of the same fundamental transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the global economy in this new age.

Energy shift

       Those are the implications of a new background paper prepared by a team of Finnish biophysicists who were asked to provide research that would feed into the drafting of the UN Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be released in 2019.
          For the “first time in human history”, the paper says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation “will require more, not less, effort”.
        At the same time, our hunger for energy is driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The greater our energy and material use, the more waste we generate, and so the greater the environmental costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, eventually those environmental costs translate directly into economic costs as it becomes more and more difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies.
         Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables return less energy in generation than conventional oils, whose production has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil fuels because of their impact on the climate.
         Whether or not this system still comprises a form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It depends on how you define capitalism.
          Economic activity is driven by meaning – maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen without considerable reframing of economic-political thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is nowadays.



Disponível em: <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/capitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019. (Adaptado).

Considerando os aspectos linguísticos e estruturais presentes no texto, constata-se que
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Ano: 2019 Banca: UEG Órgão: UEG Prova: UEG - 2019 - UEG - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q1391455 Inglês
This is how UN scientists are preparing for the end of capitalism


           Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests a new report commissioned by a group of scientists appointed by the UN secretary general. The main reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically different global economy, due to our increasingly unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s environmental resources and the shift to less efficient energy sources .
    Climate change and species extinctions are accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary to the way policymakers usually think about these problems these are not really separate crises at all.
        These crises are part of the same fundamental transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the global economy in this new age.

Energy shift

       Those are the implications of a new background paper prepared by a team of Finnish biophysicists who were asked to provide research that would feed into the drafting of the UN Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be released in 2019.
          For the “first time in human history”, the paper says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation “will require more, not less, effort”.
        At the same time, our hunger for energy is driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The greater our energy and material use, the more waste we generate, and so the greater the environmental costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, eventually those environmental costs translate directly into economic costs as it becomes more and more difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies.
         Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables return less energy in generation than conventional oils, whose production has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil fuels because of their impact on the climate.
         Whether or not this system still comprises a form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It depends on how you define capitalism.
          Economic activity is driven by meaning – maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen without considerable reframing of economic-political thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is nowadays.



Disponível em: <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/capitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019. (Adaptado).

Considerando as ideias apresentadas no texto, constata-se que
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Ano: 2019 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2019 - Esamc - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q1387241 Inglês
Considere o texto a seguir para a questão.

Why Orwell’s 1984 could be about now
By Jean Seaton - 7 May 2018

    The book, with its disorientating first sentence, “It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen”, defines the peculiar characteristics of modern tyranny. In 1984 television screens watch you, and everyone spies on everyone else. Today it is social media that collects every gesture, purchase, comment we make online, and feeds an omniscient presence in our lives that can predict our every preference. Modelled on consumer choices, where the user is the commodity that is being marketed, the harvesting of those preferences for political campaigns is now distorting democracy.

    But the greatest horror in Orwell’s dystopia is the systematic stripping of meaning out of language. The regime aims to eradicate words and the ideas and feelings they embody. Its real enemy is reality. Tyrannies attempt to make understanding the real world impossible: seeking to replace it with phantoms and lies.

(Adaptado de: http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/ 20180507-why-orwells-1984-could-be-about-now - Acessado em: 11/03/2019.
. A partir da leitura do segundo parágrafo do texto, pode-se concluir que
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Q1387240 Inglês
Considere o texto a seguir para a questão.

Why Orwell’s 1984 could be about now
By Jean Seaton - 7 May 2018

    The book, with its disorientating first sentence, “It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen”, defines the peculiar characteristics of modern tyranny. In 1984 television screens watch you, and everyone spies on everyone else. Today it is social media that collects every gesture, purchase, comment we make online, and feeds an omniscient presence in our lives that can predict our every preference. Modelled on consumer choices, where the user is the commodity that is being marketed, the harvesting of those preferences for political campaigns is now distorting democracy.

    But the greatest horror in Orwell’s dystopia is the systematic stripping of meaning out of language. The regime aims to eradicate words and the ideas and feelings they embody. Its real enemy is reality. Tyrannies attempt to make understanding the real world impossible: seeking to replace it with phantoms and lies.

(Adaptado de: http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/ 20180507-why-orwells-1984-could-be-about-now - Acessado em: 11/03/2019.
De acordo com o texto, os mecanismos por trás das mídias sociais
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Q1387239 Inglês
Considere a notícia a seguir para responder à questão.
Poetry for a surveillance society
Joseph McAllister combines technologies with media to produce unique art Thu, Jun 14, 2018, 06:35 - Marie Boran

    I think that I shall never see a poem as lovely as a …webcam? Joseph McAllister describes himself as “a computational artist and privacy advocate”. He combines technologies like machine learning and programming with media including sculpture and interactive theatre to produce unique art for the increasingly technocratic age we live in.

    His latest work is Webcam Poetry, which uses a machine learning method known as “dense captioning”, a method that detects objects in video footage and produces descriptions in natural language. Combined with his own programming (he calls it his poetry engine), it takes live streaming webcam footage and “writes” poems based on what it sees. 

(Adaptado de: https://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/ poetry-for-a-surveillance-society-1.3528084 - Acessado em 07/03/2019.) 

Segundo o texto, o trabalho “Webcam Poetry”
Alternativas
Ano: 2019 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2019 - Esamc - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q1387236 Inglês
Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
How INTERPOL supports Brazil to tackle international crime

    Brazil is the largest South American country, with 16,000 km of land border and 8,000 km of coastline to protect against incoming crime. Its geographic location at the heart of the Americas, and its numerous maritime ports sitting on transshipment routes to global markets, make it attractive to organized crime.

    The capacity to take investigations beyond this vast expanse of territory to work with police forces the world over is crucial to safeguarding Brazilian national security.

    The INTERPOL National Central Bureau (NCB) in Brasilia plays a fundamental role in protecting the country’s economy, institutions and businesses against global crime.

(Adaptado de: https://www.interpol.int/Who-we-are/ Member-countries/Americas/BRAZIL - Acessado em: 05/03/2019.)
O texto afirma que o Brasil é “atraente para o crime organizado”. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a melhor justificativa para essa afirmação, segundo as informações do texto.
Alternativas
Ano: 2019 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2019 - Esamc - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q1387235 Inglês
Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
How INTERPOL supports Brazil to tackle international crime

    Brazil is the largest South American country, with 16,000 km of land border and 8,000 km of coastline to protect against incoming crime. Its geographic location at the heart of the Americas, and its numerous maritime ports sitting on transshipment routes to global markets, make it attractive to organized crime.

    The capacity to take investigations beyond this vast expanse of territory to work with police forces the world over is crucial to safeguarding Brazilian national security.

    The INTERPOL National Central Bureau (NCB) in Brasilia plays a fundamental role in protecting the country’s economy, institutions and businesses against global crime.

(Adaptado de: https://www.interpol.int/Who-we-are/ Member-countries/Americas/BRAZIL - Acessado em: 05/03/2019.)
As medidas de 16 mil quilômetros e 8 mil quilômetros, no texto, referem-se
Alternativas
Ano: 2019 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2019 - Esamc - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q1387234 Inglês
Considere o trecho do resumo de um artigo relacionado ao uso de agrotóxicos na agricultura brasileira para responder à questão.

     The intensive use of pesticides in Brazilian agriculture is a public health issue due to contamination of the environment, food and human health poisoning. The study aimed to show the spatial distribution of the planted area of agricultural crops, the use of pesticides and related health problems, as a Health Surveillance strategy. We obtained data from the planted area of 21 predominant crops, indicators of the consumption of pesticides per hectare for each crop and health problems. The amount of pesticides used in the Brazilian municipalities was spatially distributed and correlated with the incidence of pesticides poisoning: acute, sub-acute and chronic. The health problems showed positive and significant correlations with pesticide use.

(Adaptado de: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid= S1413-81232017021003281&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en - Acessado em: 07/03/2019.)
O objetivo do estudo apresentado era
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601: A
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603: D
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620: D