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Questões de Vestibular Comentadas sobre inglês

Questões Discursivas

Foram encontradas 2.786 questões

Q2182184 Inglês

The author presents a series of questions in the first paragraph.

These questions are used with the following purpose:

Alternativas
Q2092712 Inglês
INSTRUÇÃO: Responder à questão com base no texto 2. 

TEXTO 2

STATELESSNESS
NEWSLETTER
#IBELONG CAMPAIGN
Celebrating its 6th anniversary

2_-10.png (374×265)

UNHCR 2020 Youth With Refugees Art Contest.
©UNHCR/Faida
“Statelessness” and “awareness” are nouns formed from adjectives by adding a suffix.
The nouns below that are formed from adjectives are
Alternativas
Q2092711 Inglês
INSTRUÇÃO: Responder à questão com base no texto 2. 

TEXTO 2

STATELESSNESS
NEWSLETTER
#IBELONG CAMPAIGN
Celebrating its 6th anniversary

2_-10.png (374×265)

UNHCR 2020 Youth With Refugees Art Contest.
©UNHCR/Faida
The alternative that presents three verbs that can relate to the message of Text 2 is
Alternativas
Q2092709 Inglês
TEXTO 1

Asylum-seeker smuggling is a
symptom, not a root cause

Robert Falconer/Craig D. Smith - Jan 31, 2022

1_- 7.png (369×777)
1_- 40.png (371×212)

Source: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/
article-asylum-seeker-smuggling-is-a-symptom-not-a-root-cause/
Choose the alternative that best expresses the idea presented in this excerpt (lines 40 to 43).
“It can choose hard line policies to the benefit of the Canadian security establishment and create more smugglers, even as its politicians heap blame on them when tragedy strikes.” 
Alternativas
Q2092708 Inglês
TEXTO 1

Asylum-seeker smuggling is a
symptom, not a root cause

Robert Falconer/Craig D. Smith - Jan 31, 2022

1_- 7.png (369×777)
1_- 40.png (371×212)

Source: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/
article-asylum-seeker-smuggling-is-a-symptom-not-a-root-cause/
The verb forms “fosters” (line 24) and “cracking down” (line 25), and the adjective “small-time” (line 25), in the context, mean, respectively,
Alternativas
Q2092707 Inglês
TEXTO 1

Asylum-seeker smuggling is a
symptom, not a root cause

Robert Falconer/Craig D. Smith - Jan 31, 2022

1_- 7.png (369×777)
1_- 40.png (371×212)

Source: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/
article-asylum-seeker-smuggling-is-a-symptom-not-a-root-cause/
Consider the following sentences from text 1 and answer T (true) or F (false).
( ) The last sentence in Text 1 (lines 44 to 46) presents two examples of adjectives in the comparative degree. ( ) “avoid being returned” (line 36) is about an action that will/would happen while “remember being arrested” is about an action that has already happened. ( ) The two instances of the word “such” (lines 05 and 06) have the same idea as “such” in “I cannot imagine anyone living on such a small salary”.
The alternative that presents the correct top-down sequence of answers to the sentences above is
Alternativas
Q2092706 Inglês
TEXTO 1

Asylum-seeker smuggling is a
symptom, not a root cause

Robert Falconer/Craig D. Smith - Jan 31, 2022

1_- 7.png (369×777)
1_- 40.png (371×212)

Source: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/
article-asylum-seeker-smuggling-is-a-symptom-not-a-root-cause/
The question that does NOT find an answer in Text 1 is
Alternativas
Q2092705 Inglês
TEXTO 1

Asylum-seeker smuggling is a
symptom, not a root cause

Robert Falconer/Craig D. Smith - Jan 31, 2022

1_- 7.png (369×777)
1_- 40.png (371×212)

Source: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/
article-asylum-seeker-smuggling-is-a-symptom-not-a-root-cause/
The word “loophole” (line 31), in this context, denotes
Alternativas
Q2092704 Inglês
TEXTO 1

Asylum-seeker smuggling is a
symptom, not a root cause

Robert Falconer/Craig D. Smith - Jan 31, 2022

1_- 7.png (369×777)
1_- 40.png (371×212)

Source: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/
article-asylum-seeker-smuggling-is-a-symptom-not-a-root-cause/

The paragraph below was taken out of Text 1. 

“Just three months earlier, the U.K.’s Interior Minister blamed smugglers for the death of 31 people when a boat capsized, and vowed to pass laws to make it illegal to claim asylum.”

After which paragraph in the text can it be placed back?

Alternativas
Q2092703 Inglês
TEXTO 1

Asylum-seeker smuggling is a
symptom, not a root cause

Robert Falconer/Craig D. Smith - Jan 31, 2022

1_- 7.png (369×777)
1_- 40.png (371×212)

Source: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/
article-asylum-seeker-smuggling-is-a-symptom-not-a-root-cause/
Circle the alternative that brings the right prepositions to fill in the blanks in paragrah 5.
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2022 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q4146218 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


   Daters are astonished by the high prices of wining and dining a romantic interest with inflation at its highest rate in over 40 years. The consumer price index category for food away from home rose 7.7% in June 2022 from a year earlier, while full-service restaurants climbed 8.9%. For those testing the waters with a cocktail or two, prices for alcoholic beverages rose by 4%.

   Those searching for love say they’re feeling the pain. Among 3,000 users on the popular dating app Hinge, almost 41% said they were more concerned with the cost of dates now versus a year ago, with Generation Z respondents more likely to feel the pressure. Emily Derby, a 27-year-old in Tulsa, Oklahoma, said her dating costs have doubled from $200 to $400 a month.

   As costs escalate, some singles are scaling back and being more selective about the dates they’re going on, while others are pausing their search for “the one” entirely. On dating site OKCupid, 34% of 70,000 users reported that inflation was impacting their love life.

   “In the fall of 2020, I was going on dates left and right not really thinking about the costs,” said Seth Rosenberg, a 25-year-old in Philadelphia. “Now, it’s harder to be excited because if a date goes bad, you’re out anywhere from $50 to $100.”

   Those still in the dating game have both love and money on the mind. New York City-based dating coach Amy Nobile said even her wealthy clients, many of whom pay $15,000 for a four-month program, are trying to cut their dating costs in half. Clients who would typically spend as much as $150 on a date are seeing if they can get away with $75 or less.

   “People are feeling rising prices,” she said. “For those in the long game to find a partner, they feel like they really need to monitor their money flow in the dating world.” As a result, people are on the hunt for less expensive options, said Logan Ury, director of relationship science at Hinge.


(Paulina Cachero. www.bloomberg.com, 21.07.2022. Adaptado.)
No contexto em que se encontra, o trecho que expressa ideia de consequência é:
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2022 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q4146217 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


   Daters are astonished by the high prices of wining and dining a romantic interest with inflation at its highest rate in over 40 years. The consumer price index category for food away from home rose 7.7% in June 2022 from a year earlier, while full-service restaurants climbed 8.9%. For those testing the waters with a cocktail or two, prices for alcoholic beverages rose by 4%.

   Those searching for love say they’re feeling the pain. Among 3,000 users on the popular dating app Hinge, almost 41% said they were more concerned with the cost of dates now versus a year ago, with Generation Z respondents more likely to feel the pressure. Emily Derby, a 27-year-old in Tulsa, Oklahoma, said her dating costs have doubled from $200 to $400 a month.

   As costs escalate, some singles are scaling back and being more selective about the dates they’re going on, while others are pausing their search for “the one” entirely. On dating site OKCupid, 34% of 70,000 users reported that inflation was impacting their love life.

   “In the fall of 2020, I was going on dates left and right not really thinking about the costs,” said Seth Rosenberg, a 25-year-old in Philadelphia. “Now, it’s harder to be excited because if a date goes bad, you’re out anywhere from $50 to $100.”

   Those still in the dating game have both love and money on the mind. New York City-based dating coach Amy Nobile said even her wealthy clients, many of whom pay $15,000 for a four-month program, are trying to cut their dating costs in half. Clients who would typically spend as much as $150 on a date are seeing if they can get away with $75 or less.

   “People are feeling rising prices,” she said. “For those in the long game to find a partner, they feel like they really need to monitor their money flow in the dating world.” As a result, people are on the hunt for less expensive options, said Logan Ury, director of relationship science at Hinge.


(Paulina Cachero. www.bloomberg.com, 21.07.2022. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o quarto parágrafo, no outono de 2020, Seth Rosenberg
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2022 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q4146216 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


   Daters are astonished by the high prices of wining and dining a romantic interest with inflation at its highest rate in over 40 years. The consumer price index category for food away from home rose 7.7% in June 2022 from a year earlier, while full-service restaurants climbed 8.9%. For those testing the waters with a cocktail or two, prices for alcoholic beverages rose by 4%.

   Those searching for love say they’re feeling the pain. Among 3,000 users on the popular dating app Hinge, almost 41% said they were more concerned with the cost of dates now versus a year ago, with Generation Z respondents more likely to feel the pressure. Emily Derby, a 27-year-old in Tulsa, Oklahoma, said her dating costs have doubled from $200 to $400 a month.

   As costs escalate, some singles are scaling back and being more selective about the dates they’re going on, while others are pausing their search for “the one” entirely. On dating site OKCupid, 34% of 70,000 users reported that inflation was impacting their love life.

   “In the fall of 2020, I was going on dates left and right not really thinking about the costs,” said Seth Rosenberg, a 25-year-old in Philadelphia. “Now, it’s harder to be excited because if a date goes bad, you’re out anywhere from $50 to $100.”

   Those still in the dating game have both love and money on the mind. New York City-based dating coach Amy Nobile said even her wealthy clients, many of whom pay $15,000 for a four-month program, are trying to cut their dating costs in half. Clients who would typically spend as much as $150 on a date are seeing if they can get away with $75 or less.

   “People are feeling rising prices,” she said. “For those in the long game to find a partner, they feel like they really need to monitor their money flow in the dating world.” As a result, people are on the hunt for less expensive options, said Logan Ury, director of relationship science at Hinge.


(Paulina Cachero. www.bloomberg.com, 21.07.2022. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the third paragraph “while others are pausing their search”, the underlined word can be replaced, without meaning change, by
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2022 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q4146215 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


   Daters are astonished by the high prices of wining and dining a romantic interest with inflation at its highest rate in over 40 years. The consumer price index category for food away from home rose 7.7% in June 2022 from a year earlier, while full-service restaurants climbed 8.9%. For those testing the waters with a cocktail or two, prices for alcoholic beverages rose by 4%.

   Those searching for love say they’re feeling the pain. Among 3,000 users on the popular dating app Hinge, almost 41% said they were more concerned with the cost of dates now versus a year ago, with Generation Z respondents more likely to feel the pressure. Emily Derby, a 27-year-old in Tulsa, Oklahoma, said her dating costs have doubled from $200 to $400 a month.

   As costs escalate, some singles are scaling back and being more selective about the dates they’re going on, while others are pausing their search for “the one” entirely. On dating site OKCupid, 34% of 70,000 users reported that inflation was impacting their love life.

   “In the fall of 2020, I was going on dates left and right not really thinking about the costs,” said Seth Rosenberg, a 25-year-old in Philadelphia. “Now, it’s harder to be excited because if a date goes bad, you’re out anywhere from $50 to $100.”

   Those still in the dating game have both love and money on the mind. New York City-based dating coach Amy Nobile said even her wealthy clients, many of whom pay $15,000 for a four-month program, are trying to cut their dating costs in half. Clients who would typically spend as much as $150 on a date are seeing if they can get away with $75 or less.

   “People are feeling rising prices,” she said. “For those in the long game to find a partner, they feel like they really need to monitor their money flow in the dating world.” As a result, people are on the hunt for less expensive options, said Logan Ury, director of relationship science at Hinge.


(Paulina Cachero. www.bloomberg.com, 21.07.2022. Adaptado.)
According to the text, daters are reassessing their priorities due to
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2022 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q4146214 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


   Daters are astonished by the high prices of wining and dining a romantic interest with inflation at its highest rate in over 40 years. The consumer price index category for food away from home rose 7.7% in June 2022 from a year earlier, while full-service restaurants climbed 8.9%. For those testing the waters with a cocktail or two, prices for alcoholic beverages rose by 4%.

   Those searching for love say they’re feeling the pain. Among 3,000 users on the popular dating app Hinge, almost 41% said they were more concerned with the cost of dates now versus a year ago, with Generation Z respondents more likely to feel the pressure. Emily Derby, a 27-year-old in Tulsa, Oklahoma, said her dating costs have doubled from $200 to $400 a month.

   As costs escalate, some singles are scaling back and being more selective about the dates they’re going on, while others are pausing their search for “the one” entirely. On dating site OKCupid, 34% of 70,000 users reported that inflation was impacting their love life.

   “In the fall of 2020, I was going on dates left and right not really thinking about the costs,” said Seth Rosenberg, a 25-year-old in Philadelphia. “Now, it’s harder to be excited because if a date goes bad, you’re out anywhere from $50 to $100.”

   Those still in the dating game have both love and money on the mind. New York City-based dating coach Amy Nobile said even her wealthy clients, many of whom pay $15,000 for a four-month program, are trying to cut their dating costs in half. Clients who would typically spend as much as $150 on a date are seeing if they can get away with $75 or less.

   “People are feeling rising prices,” she said. “For those in the long game to find a partner, they feel like they really need to monitor their money flow in the dating world.” As a result, people are on the hunt for less expensive options, said Logan Ury, director of relationship science at Hinge.


(Paulina Cachero. www.bloomberg.com, 21.07.2022. Adaptado.)
No trecho do segundo parágrafo “with Generation Z respondents more likely to feel the pressure”, o termo sublinhado equivale, em português, a 
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: FAMERP Prova: VUNESP - 2022 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q4146213 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


   Daters are astonished by the high prices of wining and dining a romantic interest with inflation at its highest rate in over 40 years. The consumer price index category for food away from home rose 7.7% in June 2022 from a year earlier, while full-service restaurants climbed 8.9%. For those testing the waters with a cocktail or two, prices for alcoholic beverages rose by 4%.

   Those searching for love say they’re feeling the pain. Among 3,000 users on the popular dating app Hinge, almost 41% said they were more concerned with the cost of dates now versus a year ago, with Generation Z respondents more likely to feel the pressure. Emily Derby, a 27-year-old in Tulsa, Oklahoma, said her dating costs have doubled from $200 to $400 a month.

   As costs escalate, some singles are scaling back and being more selective about the dates they’re going on, while others are pausing their search for “the one” entirely. On dating site OKCupid, 34% of 70,000 users reported that inflation was impacting their love life.

   “In the fall of 2020, I was going on dates left and right not really thinking about the costs,” said Seth Rosenberg, a 25-year-old in Philadelphia. “Now, it’s harder to be excited because if a date goes bad, you’re out anywhere from $50 to $100.”

   Those still in the dating game have both love and money on the mind. New York City-based dating coach Amy Nobile said even her wealthy clients, many of whom pay $15,000 for a four-month program, are trying to cut their dating costs in half. Clients who would typically spend as much as $150 on a date are seeing if they can get away with $75 or less.

   “People are feeling rising prices,” she said. “For those in the long game to find a partner, they feel like they really need to monitor their money flow in the dating world.” As a result, people are on the hunt for less expensive options, said Logan Ury, director of relationship science at Hinge.


(Paulina Cachero. www.bloomberg.com, 21.07.2022. Adaptado.)
The main purpose of the text is to reveal why
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: FGV Órgão: FEMPAR Prova: FGV - 2022 - FEMPAR - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q4142178 Inglês

Read the text below and answer the question. 


Advancing gender equity in medicine


        […]


        The problem of gender inequity in medical leadership is not the result of too few candidates who are not men with the appropriate experience and training to fulfill leadership roles, nor can it be explained by merely suggesting that different genders do not have the same aspirations as men. Gender inequity is largely underpinned by socially constructed gender norms, roles and relations. For example, gender roles explain why female clinicians with children spend 100.2 minutes more per day on household activities and child care than their male counterparts. This makes it more challenging for female clinicians with children to get ahead. Gender norms explain why more men are given leadership opportunities and have stronger letters of reference than other genders. Furthermore, gender relations explain why men have fewer consequences for uncivil behaviour or for harassment in the workplace compared with other genders. A recent observational study of operating room culture evaluated the prevalence and predictors of exposure to disruptive behaviour in the operating room. Disruptive behaviour was described as a range of unacceptable workplace behaviours, including incivility, bullying and harassment. A further definition provided is “interpersonal behaviour (i.e., directed toward others or occurring in the presence of others) that results in a perceived threat to victims and/or witnesses and violates a reasonable person’s standard of respectful behaviour.” The study found that clinicians who are women report more exposure to disruptive behaviour and are substantially less confident or empowered to take action to address incivility in their hospital and university settings. Gender and sexual harassment may be associated with environments that exhibit gender inequity in pay, opportunity and promotion. Disruptive behaviour and overt harassment likely endure within our medical institutions because the offenders are often considered invaluable to the organization for their stature, leadership, productivity or reputation, and are largely not held unaccountable for their actions, which further amplifies gender inequities.


        Ensuring gender equity in medicine is an issue of justice and rights. Having more physicians who are women and more women in health policy leadership also appears to enhance the provision of high-quality patient care. Large, well-conducted observational studies have shown that patients of female clinicians experience better quality of care for diabetes, and significantly lower rates of mortality, hospital readmissions and emergency department visits than those treated by male clinicians. One study considered that reasons for this may include that women spend more time with their patients, are more patient-centred in their approach and provide more evidence-based care. Two recent opinion pieces discuss research showing that female representation on corporate boards, such as hospital boards, results in more socially thoughtful decisions and less corruption. Without gender equity, we risk extinguishing creative solutions to complex health problems and, most importantly, limiting patient access to the best care. 


From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8034331/ CMAJ. 2021 Feb 16; 193(7): E244–E250.

The opposite of “often” in “the offenders are often considered invaluable” (1st paragraph) is 
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: FGV Órgão: FEMPAR Prova: FGV - 2022 - FEMPAR - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q4142177 Inglês

Read the text below and answer the question. 


Advancing gender equity in medicine


        […]


        The problem of gender inequity in medical leadership is not the result of too few candidates who are not men with the appropriate experience and training to fulfill leadership roles, nor can it be explained by merely suggesting that different genders do not have the same aspirations as men. Gender inequity is largely underpinned by socially constructed gender norms, roles and relations. For example, gender roles explain why female clinicians with children spend 100.2 minutes more per day on household activities and child care than their male counterparts. This makes it more challenging for female clinicians with children to get ahead. Gender norms explain why more men are given leadership opportunities and have stronger letters of reference than other genders. Furthermore, gender relations explain why men have fewer consequences for uncivil behaviour or for harassment in the workplace compared with other genders. A recent observational study of operating room culture evaluated the prevalence and predictors of exposure to disruptive behaviour in the operating room. Disruptive behaviour was described as a range of unacceptable workplace behaviours, including incivility, bullying and harassment. A further definition provided is “interpersonal behaviour (i.e., directed toward others or occurring in the presence of others) that results in a perceived threat to victims and/or witnesses and violates a reasonable person’s standard of respectful behaviour.” The study found that clinicians who are women report more exposure to disruptive behaviour and are substantially less confident or empowered to take action to address incivility in their hospital and university settings. Gender and sexual harassment may be associated with environments that exhibit gender inequity in pay, opportunity and promotion. Disruptive behaviour and overt harassment likely endure within our medical institutions because the offenders are often considered invaluable to the organization for their stature, leadership, productivity or reputation, and are largely not held unaccountable for their actions, which further amplifies gender inequities.


        Ensuring gender equity in medicine is an issue of justice and rights. Having more physicians who are women and more women in health policy leadership also appears to enhance the provision of high-quality patient care. Large, well-conducted observational studies have shown that patients of female clinicians experience better quality of care for diabetes, and significantly lower rates of mortality, hospital readmissions and emergency department visits than those treated by male clinicians. One study considered that reasons for this may include that women spend more time with their patients, are more patient-centred in their approach and provide more evidence-based care. Two recent opinion pieces discuss research showing that female representation on corporate boards, such as hospital boards, results in more socially thoughtful decisions and less corruption. Without gender equity, we risk extinguishing creative solutions to complex health problems and, most importantly, limiting patient access to the best care. 


From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8034331/ CMAJ. 2021 Feb 16; 193(7): E244–E250.

The excerpt that contains a comparison is:
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: FGV Órgão: FEMPAR Prova: FGV - 2022 - FEMPAR - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q4142176 Inglês

Read the text below and answer the question. 


Advancing gender equity in medicine


        […]


        The problem of gender inequity in medical leadership is not the result of too few candidates who are not men with the appropriate experience and training to fulfill leadership roles, nor can it be explained by merely suggesting that different genders do not have the same aspirations as men. Gender inequity is largely underpinned by socially constructed gender norms, roles and relations. For example, gender roles explain why female clinicians with children spend 100.2 minutes more per day on household activities and child care than their male counterparts. This makes it more challenging for female clinicians with children to get ahead. Gender norms explain why more men are given leadership opportunities and have stronger letters of reference than other genders. Furthermore, gender relations explain why men have fewer consequences for uncivil behaviour or for harassment in the workplace compared with other genders. A recent observational study of operating room culture evaluated the prevalence and predictors of exposure to disruptive behaviour in the operating room. Disruptive behaviour was described as a range of unacceptable workplace behaviours, including incivility, bullying and harassment. A further definition provided is “interpersonal behaviour (i.e., directed toward others or occurring in the presence of others) that results in a perceived threat to victims and/or witnesses and violates a reasonable person’s standard of respectful behaviour.” The study found that clinicians who are women report more exposure to disruptive behaviour and are substantially less confident or empowered to take action to address incivility in their hospital and university settings. Gender and sexual harassment may be associated with environments that exhibit gender inequity in pay, opportunity and promotion. Disruptive behaviour and overt harassment likely endure within our medical institutions because the offenders are often considered invaluable to the organization for their stature, leadership, productivity or reputation, and are largely not held unaccountable for their actions, which further amplifies gender inequities.


        Ensuring gender equity in medicine is an issue of justice and rights. Having more physicians who are women and more women in health policy leadership also appears to enhance the provision of high-quality patient care. Large, well-conducted observational studies have shown that patients of female clinicians experience better quality of care for diabetes, and significantly lower rates of mortality, hospital readmissions and emergency department visits than those treated by male clinicians. One study considered that reasons for this may include that women spend more time with their patients, are more patient-centred in their approach and provide more evidence-based care. Two recent opinion pieces discuss research showing that female representation on corporate boards, such as hospital boards, results in more socially thoughtful decisions and less corruption. Without gender equity, we risk extinguishing creative solutions to complex health problems and, most importantly, limiting patient access to the best care. 


From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8034331/ CMAJ. 2021 Feb 16; 193(7): E244–E250.

“Nor” in “nor can it be explained” (1st paragraph) signals a(n)
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: FGV Órgão: FEMPAR Prova: FGV - 2022 - FEMPAR - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q4142175 Inglês

Read the text below and answer the question. 


Advancing gender equity in medicine


        […]


        The problem of gender inequity in medical leadership is not the result of too few candidates who are not men with the appropriate experience and training to fulfill leadership roles, nor can it be explained by merely suggesting that different genders do not have the same aspirations as men. Gender inequity is largely underpinned by socially constructed gender norms, roles and relations. For example, gender roles explain why female clinicians with children spend 100.2 minutes more per day on household activities and child care than their male counterparts. This makes it more challenging for female clinicians with children to get ahead. Gender norms explain why more men are given leadership opportunities and have stronger letters of reference than other genders. Furthermore, gender relations explain why men have fewer consequences for uncivil behaviour or for harassment in the workplace compared with other genders. A recent observational study of operating room culture evaluated the prevalence and predictors of exposure to disruptive behaviour in the operating room. Disruptive behaviour was described as a range of unacceptable workplace behaviours, including incivility, bullying and harassment. A further definition provided is “interpersonal behaviour (i.e., directed toward others or occurring in the presence of others) that results in a perceived threat to victims and/or witnesses and violates a reasonable person’s standard of respectful behaviour.” The study found that clinicians who are women report more exposure to disruptive behaviour and are substantially less confident or empowered to take action to address incivility in their hospital and university settings. Gender and sexual harassment may be associated with environments that exhibit gender inequity in pay, opportunity and promotion. Disruptive behaviour and overt harassment likely endure within our medical institutions because the offenders are often considered invaluable to the organization for their stature, leadership, productivity or reputation, and are largely not held unaccountable for their actions, which further amplifies gender inequities.


        Ensuring gender equity in medicine is an issue of justice and rights. Having more physicians who are women and more women in health policy leadership also appears to enhance the provision of high-quality patient care. Large, well-conducted observational studies have shown that patients of female clinicians experience better quality of care for diabetes, and significantly lower rates of mortality, hospital readmissions and emergency department visits than those treated by male clinicians. One study considered that reasons for this may include that women spend more time with their patients, are more patient-centred in their approach and provide more evidence-based care. Two recent opinion pieces discuss research showing that female representation on corporate boards, such as hospital boards, results in more socially thoughtful decisions and less corruption. Without gender equity, we risk extinguishing creative solutions to complex health problems and, most importantly, limiting patient access to the best care. 


From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8034331/ CMAJ. 2021 Feb 16; 193(7): E244–E250.

The last sentence carries a
Alternativas
Respostas
281: C
282: D
283: C
284: D
285: A
286: B
287: A
288: C
289: A
290: D
291: A
292: C
293: D
294: E
295: A
296: B
297: C
298: B
299: D
300: B