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Para um país como o Brasil, em que a diversidade cultural é imensa, pode parecer estranho quando se fala na história dos nossos antepassados. Ainda mais se pensarmos na forma como ocorreu a formação da nossa sociedade, a partir das influências recebidas dos diferentes ciclos migratórios. Saber a história de uma nação significa resgatar e preservar a tradição daqueles que contribuíram para que chegássemos ao ponto em que nos encontramos. Trata-se de uma oportunidade única para compreender, inclusive, a nossa própria identidade. A despeito da visão europeia, que ainda é predominante nos livros didáticos e paradidáticos, há outra corrente que defende que a história da humanidade seja contada com base em outros relatos e visões de mundo. Nesse sentido, existe uma legislação federal que torna obrigatório o ensino nas escolas da cultura afro-brasileira e indígena. Essa lei, que acaba de completar dez anos, infelizmente ainda é pouco conhecida. Compete a nós, militantes e especialistas da área de educação, colocarmos isso em prática. Como exemplo, podemos citar o que ocorre em Santo André, na região do ABC paulista. No final de 2013, teve início a capacitação sobre cultura indígena para os professores de Educação Física da rede municipal de ensino. O objetivo é fazer com que o docente passe a utilizar em suas aulas as danças, os jogos cooperativos e as brincadeiras oriundas dessa tradição. Trazer essa visão de mundo para os alunos é importante para se perceber como a influência desse povo se faz muito presente no nosso dia a dia. Para ficar em um só aspecto, vale mencionar o hábito do banho diário. Sem falar nas centenas de palavras e termos de origem indígena que usamos para nos expressar. Essa percepção, que por vezes passa despercebida face ao contexto globalizado em que vivemos, é fundamental para mostrar às nossas crianças e jovens a riqueza da cultura e da tradição dos primeiros habitantes do nosso país. Ao oferecer essa possibilidade aos alunos, estamos contribuindo para resgatar o papel dos índios na formação do Brasil. Serve, ainda, para evitar possíveis percepções preconceituosas em relação a esse povo, que deve ser reverenciado pelas inúmeras contribuições que, hoje, encontram-se naturalmente incorporadas ao nosso cotidiano. Significa também dar à cultura indígena o devido protagonismo que ela tanto merece. Gilmar Silvério. Disponível em: http://www.gazetadigital.com.br/editorias/opiniao/a-importancia-de-conhecer-a-nossa-historia/419455. Acesso em 07/04/2019. Adaptado.
Na abordagem que faz do tema selecionado, o autor do Texto defende principalmente que:
Analise as informações que se apresentam a seguir.
1) Em seu processo de formação, nossa sociedade sofreu influências de culturas diversas. 2) Conhecer bem a nossa história é uma das formas de compreender a nossa identidade. 3) Sempre que a história da humanidade é contada com base em outros relatos e visões de mundo, ela é falseada. 4) Ainda é pouco conhecida a lei que torna obrigatório, nas escolas, o ensino da cultura afro-brasileira e indígena.
Estão de acordo com o Texto:
1) Os bocais têm seus comprimentos compreendidos entre 1,5 e 3 vezes o diâmetro. 2) Os tubos curtos possuem comprimentos de 500 a 4000 vezes o diâmetro. 3) Com o bocal, novos pontos de perda de carga são criados, por isso há uma redução da vazão sempre que se adiciona um bocal onde antes havia apenas um orifício.
Está(ão) correta(s), apenas:
Today is the 10th annual World Toilet Day. Sponsored by the Singapore-based World Toilet Organization, the event is meant to build awareness about the risks that lack of sanitation present to the physical, emotional and psychological health of 2.6 billion people around the world. Fortunately, poor sanitation is receiving an increasing amount of attention from NGOs, academics and other problem-solvers around the world. But there isn’t time to waste, since lack of hygiene contributes to diarrheal diseases that claim the lives of 1.5 million poor children each year.
Earlier this year, The Gates Foundation awarded a total of $3 million to researchers at 8 universities as part of its Reinvent the Toilet competition. Unlike the innovations that are taking place with flush toilets, these grants are aimed at designing, developing and prototyping waterless, hygienic toilets that cost less than $0.05 per user per day. The foundation also awarded a $4.8 million grant to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) for a project called Sanitation Ventures. For it, researchers are developing ways to speed up the decomposition process in pit latrines. Organisms such as tiger worms, placed near the surface of the latrines, can effectively increase the speed of composting. Beneath that, in a filtration bed, liquid waste is further treated by aerobic bacteria. The end product is a treated sewage material that can later be used as a fertilizer.
And if that sounds gross, well, get over it. Human-waste-based fertilizer has been used in many parts of the world for centuries. The key is to process it correctly — at the right temperature and for enough time — to ensure that all pathogens are eliminated. In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world is creating an end product with value, such as fertilizer or biochar for energy.
(http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/design-architecture/ safe-sanitation-systems-close-the-loop-on-poop/2084-19/11/2011. Adaptado)
No terceiro parágrafo, a expressão aside from em – In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world… – equivale a
Today is the 10th annual World Toilet Day. Sponsored by the Singapore-based World Toilet Organization, the event is meant to build awareness about the risks that lack of sanitation present to the physical, emotional and psychological health of 2.6 billion people around the world. Fortunately, poor sanitation is receiving an increasing amount of attention from NGOs, academics and other problem-solvers around the world. But there isn’t time to waste, since lack of hygiene contributes to diarrheal diseases that claim the lives of 1.5 million poor children each year.
Earlier this year, The Gates Foundation awarded a total of $3 million to researchers at 8 universities as part of its Reinvent the Toilet competition. Unlike the innovations that are taking place with flush toilets, these grants are aimed at designing, developing and prototyping waterless, hygienic toilets that cost less than $0.05 per user per day. The foundation also awarded a $4.8 million grant to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) for a project called Sanitation Ventures. For it, researchers are developing ways to speed up the decomposition process in pit latrines. Organisms such as tiger worms, placed near the surface of the latrines, can effectively increase the speed of composting. Beneath that, in a filtration bed, liquid waste is further treated by aerobic bacteria. The end product is a treated sewage material that can later be used as a fertilizer.
And if that sounds gross, well, get over it. Human-waste-based fertilizer has been used in many parts of the world for centuries. The key is to process it correctly — at the right temperature and for enough time — to ensure that all pathogens are eliminated. In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world is creating an end product with value, such as fertilizer or biochar for energy.
(http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/design-architecture/ safe-sanitation-systems-close-the-loop-on-poop/2084-19/11/2011. Adaptado)
In the third paragraph, the extract – And if that sounds gross, well, get over it. – refers to
Today is the 10th annual World Toilet Day. Sponsored by the Singapore-based World Toilet Organization, the event is meant to build awareness about the risks that lack of sanitation present to the physical, emotional and psychological health of 2.6 billion people around the world. Fortunately, poor sanitation is receiving an increasing amount of attention from NGOs, academics and other problem-solvers around the world. But there isn’t time to waste, since lack of hygiene contributes to diarrheal diseases that claim the lives of 1.5 million poor children each year.
Earlier this year, The Gates Foundation awarded a total of $3 million to researchers at 8 universities as part of its Reinvent the Toilet competition. Unlike the innovations that are taking place with flush toilets, these grants are aimed at designing, developing and prototyping waterless, hygienic toilets that cost less than $0.05 per user per day. The foundation also awarded a $4.8 million grant to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) for a project called Sanitation Ventures. For it, researchers are developing ways to speed up the decomposition process in pit latrines. Organisms such as tiger worms, placed near the surface of the latrines, can effectively increase the speed of composting. Beneath that, in a filtration bed, liquid waste is further treated by aerobic bacteria. The end product is a treated sewage material that can later be used as a fertilizer.
And if that sounds gross, well, get over it. Human-waste-based fertilizer has been used in many parts of the world for centuries. The key is to process it correctly — at the right temperature and for enough time — to ensure that all pathogens are eliminated. In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world is creating an end product with value, such as fertilizer or biochar for energy.
(http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/design-architecture/ safe-sanitation-systems-close-the-loop-on-poop/2084-19/11/2011. Adaptado)
De acordo com o segundo parágrafo, os organismos conhecidos como tiger worms
Today is the 10th annual World Toilet Day. Sponsored by the Singapore-based World Toilet Organization, the event is meant to build awareness about the risks that lack of sanitation present to the physical, emotional and psychological health of 2.6 billion people around the world. Fortunately, poor sanitation is receiving an increasing amount of attention from NGOs, academics and other problem-solvers around the world. But there isn’t time to waste, since lack of hygiene contributes to diarrheal diseases that claim the lives of 1.5 million poor children each year.
Earlier this year, The Gates Foundation awarded a total of $3 million to researchers at 8 universities as part of its Reinvent the Toilet competition. Unlike the innovations that are taking place with flush toilets, these grants are aimed at designing, developing and prototyping waterless, hygienic toilets that cost less than $0.05 per user per day. The foundation also awarded a $4.8 million grant to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) for a project called Sanitation Ventures. For it, researchers are developing ways to speed up the decomposition process in pit latrines. Organisms such as tiger worms, placed near the surface of the latrines, can effectively increase the speed of composting. Beneath that, in a filtration bed, liquid waste is further treated by aerobic bacteria. The end product is a treated sewage material that can later be used as a fertilizer.
And if that sounds gross, well, get over it. Human-waste-based fertilizer has been used in many parts of the world for centuries. The key is to process it correctly — at the right temperature and for enough time — to ensure that all pathogens are eliminated. In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world is creating an end product with value, such as fertilizer or biochar for energy.
(http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/design-architecture/ safe-sanitation-systems-close-the-loop-on-poop/2084-19/11/2011. Adaptado)
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine’s researchers are working to
Today is the 10th annual World Toilet Day. Sponsored by the Singapore-based World Toilet Organization, the event is meant to build awareness about the risks that lack of sanitation present to the physical, emotional and psychological health of 2.6 billion people around the world. Fortunately, poor sanitation is receiving an increasing amount of attention from NGOs, academics and other problem-solvers around the world. But there isn’t time to waste, since lack of hygiene contributes to diarrheal diseases that claim the lives of 1.5 million poor children each year.
Earlier this year, The Gates Foundation awarded a total of $3 million to researchers at 8 universities as part of its Reinvent the Toilet competition. Unlike the innovations that are taking place with flush toilets, these grants are aimed at designing, developing and prototyping waterless, hygienic toilets that cost less than $0.05 per user per day. The foundation also awarded a $4.8 million grant to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) for a project called Sanitation Ventures. For it, researchers are developing ways to speed up the decomposition process in pit latrines. Organisms such as tiger worms, placed near the surface of the latrines, can effectively increase the speed of composting. Beneath that, in a filtration bed, liquid waste is further treated by aerobic bacteria. The end product is a treated sewage material that can later be used as a fertilizer.
And if that sounds gross, well, get over it. Human-waste-based fertilizer has been used in many parts of the world for centuries. The key is to process it correctly — at the right temperature and for enough time — to ensure that all pathogens are eliminated. In fact, aside from better public health, one of the major benefits of developing sanitation solutions for the developing world is creating an end product with value, such as fertilizer or biochar for energy.
(http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/design-architecture/ safe-sanitation-systems-close-the-loop-on-poop/2084-19/11/2011. Adaptado)
According to the text, poor sanitation
As atividades em ambientes sem ventilação natural, com aberturas e saídas limitadas e com pouco oxigênio, são classificadas na segurança do trabalho como sendo atividades em espaços confinados, exigindo a obrigatoriedade de uso pelo instalador hidráulico dos EPIs adicionais:
Para as tubulações e conexões em PVC, utilizadas nas instalações prediais de água fria, considerando as variações térmicas, a norma da ABNT determina uma pressão máxima de
As conexões hidráulicas, curvas e joelhos, têm por finalidade realizar desvios de acordo com o ângulo da peça utilizada, 90° ou 45°, na direção do fluxo de esgotos. A diferença básica entre uma curva e um joelho é o
Os registros hidráulicos são componentes empregados nas instalações de água fria e quente dos sistemas prediais. Esses registros são divididos em três tipos, são eles:
As válvulas hidráulicas, que contam com êmbolos que permitem a regulagem da vazão em sistemas hidráulicos, são capazes de fornecer um fluxo constante e preciso de líquidos e podem ser usadas para calibração ou aplicações de fluxo regular, são denominadas como válvulas de
O motor hidráulico desenvolve torque devido à pressão aplicada nas superfícies dos dentes das rodas. Essas rodas giram juntas, porém apenas uma está ligada ao eixo do motor, o que o classifica como um motor
Por uma questão de manutenção, antes de se colocar em funcionamento qualquer bomba hidráulica, deve-se encher toda canalização de sucção com o líquido a ser bombeado, facilitando a lubrificação e evitando que a bomba funcione a seco.
Esse processo é definido comoOs resultados de ensaio de uma bomba hidráulica centrífuga, funcionando com uma velocidade constante, podem ser representados em um diagrama, traçando-se as curvas características de carga, rendimento e potência absorvida, e também
Nas instalações prediais de água fria com maiores comprimentos de tubos, maior número de conexões, tubos mais rugosos e menores diâmetros, haverá, consequentemente,
Em uma rede predial de distribuição de água fria, foi verificado um vazamento de 2 litros de água em um intervalo de 50 segundos. O desperdício da vazão em litros por dia será de, aproximadamente,
Golpe de aríete é a sobre-pressão em qualquer ponto da instalação, quando do fechamento de qualquer peça de utilização. A máxima pressão admitida acima da pressão estática nesse mesmo ponto deverá ser de