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Q4381300 Não definido
Read the text to answer.

Mini Tale


    A fisherman had a nice family and lived happily near the beach, fishing only for their daily needs. One day he met a businessman who said “catch more fish, buy more boats and run a successful business”. The fisherman answered “Then what?” “Start a family and live by the beach”.


(Available at: https://users.aber.ac.uk/jpm/minisagas.)
Analyse the usage of “WHO” in the Mini Tale. Choose the assertion that describes it.
Alternativas
Q4381299 Não definido
Read the text to answer.

Mini Tale


    A fisherman had a nice family and lived happily near the beach, fishing only for their daily needs. One day he met a businessman who said “catch more fish, buy more boats and run a successful business”. The fisherman answered “Then what?” “Start a family and live by the beach”.


(Available at: https://users.aber.ac.uk/jpm/minisagas.)
Sayings and quotes are sentences people often create giving advice or information about human life and experiences. They are concisely written and memorable because of their style. Mark the option that does NOT apply to insights into practical life situations related to the Mini Tale. 
Alternativas
Q4381298 Não definido
Read the text to answer.

Mini Tale


    A fisherman had a nice family and lived happily near the beach, fishing only for their daily needs. One day he met a businessman who said “catch more fish, buy more boats and run a successful business”. The fisherman answered “Then what?” “Start a family and live by the beach”.


(Available at: https://users.aber.ac.uk/jpm/minisagas.)
Among the several cohesive resources that a language has punctuation is one of the elements contributing to build thematic progression. In the Mini Tale above, the quotation marks perform the function of:
Alternativas
Q4381297 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


What is the purpose of education?


The one continuing purpose of education, since ancient times, has been to bring people to as full a realization as possible of what it is to be a human being. Other statements of educational purpose have also been widely accepted: to develop the intellect, to serve social needs, to contribute to the economy, to create an effective work force, to prepare students for a job or career, to promote a particular social or political system. These purposes offered are undesirably curbed in scope, and in some instances they conflict with the comprehensive purpose I have indicated; they imply a distorted human existence. The wideranging purpose includes all of them, and goes beyond them, for it seeks to encompass all the dimensions of human experience. —Arthur W. Foshay, “The Curriculum Matrix: Transcendence and Mathematics,” Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 1991.


(Available at: https://files.ascd.org/staticfiles/ascd/pdf/journal) 
Check the option matching the perspective of education purpose defended in the text. 
Alternativas
Q4381296 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


What is the purpose of education?


The one continuing purpose of education, since ancient times, has been to bring people to as full a realization as possible of what it is to be a human being. Other statements of educational purpose have also been widely accepted: to develop the intellect, to serve social needs, to contribute to the economy, to create an effective work force, to prepare students for a job or career, to promote a particular social or political system. These purposes offered are undesirably curbed in scope, and in some instances they conflict with the comprehensive purpose I have indicated; they imply a distorted human existence. The wideranging purpose includes all of them, and goes beyond them, for it seeks to encompass all the dimensions of human experience. —Arthur W. Foshay, “The Curriculum Matrix: Transcendence and Mathematics,” Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 1991.


(Available at: https://files.ascd.org/staticfiles/ascd/pdf/journal) 
Concerning text content, the broader goal of education will be:
Alternativas
Q4381295 Não definido
Analyse image and text to answer.

Q27.png (302×225)
(Available at: https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/head-teacherplacard.html.)

The argumentative scheme employed in the building of an image follows precise objectives developed around a theme. The segment “If you value it” displays the placard’s general theme which is education and the segment “fund it” refers specifically to the: 
Alternativas
Q4381294 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


    Media and Education in the digital age The idea that education is a fundamentally political process construes education as a process in which a number of participants compete for a variety of goals, depending on the nature of the issues at stake. A classical tradition in political science defines the core aspect of this process as a competition for control over the distribution of values in society. In this perspective, the study of politics is, in practice, the study of ‘who gets what, when and how’ (Lasswell, 1950). Seen as political process, the study of education is the study of who gets what, when and how in the competition for control over the future of society. This includes the study of the main cleavages, or the fault lines defined by relevant issues at the core of the competition between the main actors, the strategies, or the moves through which main actors try to gain political influence and the nature of the stake. While shared in political studies and also in critical contributions to the analysis of education (Youdell, 2011) this position seems nevertheless far from mainstream in much of the current discussion on media and education. For too many, education is a technical problem: one which has to do primarily with the effective management of available resources, with the identification and implementation of costefficient educational models, curricula and technologies.


(Available at: https://library.oapen.org. Adapted.)
The text supports the belief that discussions on media and education ought to: 
Alternativas
Q4381293 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


    Media and Education in the digital age The idea that education is a fundamentally political process construes education as a process in which a number of participants compete for a variety of goals, depending on the nature of the issues at stake. A classical tradition in political science defines the core aspect of this process as a competition for control over the distribution of values in society. In this perspective, the study of politics is, in practice, the study of ‘who gets what, when and how’ (Lasswell, 1950). Seen as political process, the study of education is the study of who gets what, when and how in the competition for control over the future of society. This includes the study of the main cleavages, or the fault lines defined by relevant issues at the core of the competition between the main actors, the strategies, or the moves through which main actors try to gain political influence and the nature of the stake. While shared in political studies and also in critical contributions to the analysis of education (Youdell, 2011) this position seems nevertheless far from mainstream in much of the current discussion on media and education. For too many, education is a technical problem: one which has to do primarily with the effective management of available resources, with the identification and implementation of costefficient educational models, curricula and technologies.


(Available at: https://library.oapen.org. Adapted.)
While establishing links among text segments, we construct text cohesion. After analysing the use of NEVERTHELESS, highlighted in the text, point out the item which does NOT mean the same as it does.
Alternativas
Q4381292 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


     Language use is one of the last places where prejudice remains socially acceptable. It can even have official approval, as we see in attempts to suppressslang and dialects at school. Banning words is not a sound educational strategy. As Michael Rosen points out, schools have been trying this for more than 100 years to no avail. Research shows that gradual transition towards standard English works better. But because dialect prejudice is so prevalent, this must be done in such a way that children understand there’s nothing inherently wrong with their natural expression. Language prejudices seem more resistant to change than other kinds of prejudice. Members of the majority culture, the most powerful group, who would be quite willing to accept and champion equality in other social and educational domains, may continue toreject the legitimacy of a dialect other than their own. The high level of dialect prejudice found toward vernacular dialects by both mainstream and vernacular speakers is a fact that must be confronted honestly and openly by those involved in education about language and dialects. The key to attitudinal changes lies in developing a genuine respect for the integrity of the diverse varieties of English. Knowledge about dialects can reduce misconceptions about language in general and the accompanying negative attitudes about some dialects.


(Available at: Carolyn Temple Adger, Walt Wolfram, and Donna Christian, Dialectsin Schools and Communities, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2007. Julia Snell, “SayingNo to 'Gizit' Is Plain Prejudice”. The Independent. February 09, 2013. Adapted.)
Text progression denotes the strategies writers employ to link elements in a clause to those of surrounding clauses, being a key factor in the structuring of information because it acts as a bridge between sentence level and discourse level, coordinating cohesion and coherence. In the segment “It can even have official approval, (...)” IT refers back to: 
Alternativas
Q4381291 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


     Language use is one of the last places where prejudice remains socially acceptable. It can even have official approval, as we see in attempts to suppressslang and dialects at school. Banning words is not a sound educational strategy. As Michael Rosen points out, schools have been trying this for more than 100 years to no avail. Research shows that gradual transition towards standard English works better. But because dialect prejudice is so prevalent, this must be done in such a way that children understand there’s nothing inherently wrong with their natural expression. Language prejudices seem more resistant to change than other kinds of prejudice. Members of the majority culture, the most powerful group, who would be quite willing to accept and champion equality in other social and educational domains, may continue toreject the legitimacy of a dialect other than their own. The high level of dialect prejudice found toward vernacular dialects by both mainstream and vernacular speakers is a fact that must be confronted honestly and openly by those involved in education about language and dialects. The key to attitudinal changes lies in developing a genuine respect for the integrity of the diverse varieties of English. Knowledge about dialects can reduce misconceptions about language in general and the accompanying negative attitudes about some dialects.


(Available at: Carolyn Temple Adger, Walt Wolfram, and Donna Christian, Dialectsin Schools and Communities, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2007. Julia Snell, “SayingNo to 'Gizit' Is Plain Prejudice”. The Independent. February 09, 2013. Adapted.)
In line with the text, it is true to assert that:
Alternativas
Q4381290 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


     Language use is one of the last places where prejudice remains socially acceptable. It can even have official approval, as we see in attempts to suppressslang and dialects at school. Banning words is not a sound educational strategy. As Michael Rosen points out, schools have been trying this for more than 100 years to no avail. Research shows that gradual transition towards standard English works better. But because dialect prejudice is so prevalent, this must be done in such a way that children understand there’s nothing inherently wrong with their natural expression. Language prejudices seem more resistant to change than other kinds of prejudice. Members of the majority culture, the most powerful group, who would be quite willing to accept and champion equality in other social and educational domains, may continue toreject the legitimacy of a dialect other than their own. The high level of dialect prejudice found toward vernacular dialects by both mainstream and vernacular speakers is a fact that must be confronted honestly and openly by those involved in education about language and dialects. The key to attitudinal changes lies in developing a genuine respect for the integrity of the diverse varieties of English. Knowledge about dialects can reduce misconceptions about language in general and the accompanying negative attitudes about some dialects.


(Available at: Carolyn Temple Adger, Walt Wolfram, and Donna Christian, Dialectsin Schools and Communities, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2007. Julia Snell, “SayingNo to 'Gizit' Is Plain Prejudice”. The Independent. February 09, 2013. Adapted.)
Choose the statement that introduces a prejudicial conception regarding the English language and its varieties:
Alternativas
Q4381289 Não definido
Analyse the image to answer.

Q21.png (335×160)
(Available at: https://screenrant.com.)

Images may caricature, symbolize, pay tribute or discuss subjects of popular interest. The image’s communicative intent aims at:
Alternativas
Q4381288 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


What is education beyond borders all about?


The concept of education in the twenty-first century has outgrown its twentieth-century meaning. It is time to move beyond measures of disparity by race, ethnicity, and gender to education beyond borders. Education takes place in conditions ranging from a one room, rural classroom with one teacher instructing students in many grades to individual students tapping into distance learning all over the world beyond physical borders. Degrees, credentials, and certifications connote a measure of formal education and organizations. For the twenty- -first century, however, education is not necessarily synonymous with credits earned toward some finite degree or credential. Rather, ongoing learning and the sharing/creation of knowledge are lifelong processes for individuals and organizations. Increasingly innovation, and creative productive capital demand a multidisciplinary approach. This is not to say that there is no longer a role for formal education but to acknowledge the value of ongoing informal education and shared knowledge, especially performance-based knowledge and team work.


(Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/ concept-of-education. Adapted.)
Word choices help to communicate not just in a functional way. They also construct options for readers/listeners to consider the polysemic aspects which determine meaning in context. The word RATHER, highlighted in the text, signifies: 
Alternativas
Q4381287 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


What is education beyond borders all about?


The concept of education in the twenty-first century has outgrown its twentieth-century meaning. It is time to move beyond measures of disparity by race, ethnicity, and gender to education beyond borders. Education takes place in conditions ranging from a one room, rural classroom with one teacher instructing students in many grades to individual students tapping into distance learning all over the world beyond physical borders. Degrees, credentials, and certifications connote a measure of formal education and organizations. For the twenty- -first century, however, education is not necessarily synonymous with credits earned toward some finite degree or credential. Rather, ongoing learning and the sharing/creation of knowledge are lifelong processes for individuals and organizations. Increasingly innovation, and creative productive capital demand a multidisciplinary approach. This is not to say that there is no longer a role for formal education but to acknowledge the value of ongoing informal education and shared knowledge, especially performance-based knowledge and team work.


(Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/ concept-of-education. Adapted.)
In the text, education beyond borders is typified by
Alternativas
Q4381286 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


What is education beyond borders all about?


The concept of education in the twenty-first century has outgrown its twentieth-century meaning. It is time to move beyond measures of disparity by race, ethnicity, and gender to education beyond borders. Education takes place in conditions ranging from a one room, rural classroom with one teacher instructing students in many grades to individual students tapping into distance learning all over the world beyond physical borders. Degrees, credentials, and certifications connote a measure of formal education and organizations. For the twenty- -first century, however, education is not necessarily synonymous with credits earned toward some finite degree or credential. Rather, ongoing learning and the sharing/creation of knowledge are lifelong processes for individuals and organizations. Increasingly innovation, and creative productive capital demand a multidisciplinary approach. This is not to say that there is no longer a role for formal education but to acknowledge the value of ongoing informal education and shared knowledge, especially performance-based knowledge and team work.


(Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/ concept-of-education. Adapted.)
While producing a text, the author introduces strategies which will lead the reader to infer the text’s purpose. The segment “What is education beyond borders all about?” makes it possible for the reader to realize that the text’s intended to:
Alternativas
Q4381285 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


Public policies for English teaching, an overview of Brazilian public network experience


    Next year, 2020, English teaching will become compulsory in public schools in Brazil. The government has recognised that, if it wants to have a world class economy that can negotiate internationally, having a greater percentage of people who can operate in English is an essential requirement, not a luxury. A study carried out by Move Social exclusively for the British Council, the first comprehensive analysis of how Brazilian states are creating a basis for compulsory teaching and learning of English has been issued. The study is supplemented by analyses and reflections by professionals from the area of education and English language teaching, and also describes some inspirational practices. As was to be expected, the results show great variations in the states’ level of preparation, even though a considerable amount of work has been done in developing curricula to comply with the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) [Commom National Curricular Base]. There is also an important analysis of the positioning in state documents about a focus on traditional grammar versus essential communication skills for the 21st century listed in the BNCC.

    According to the survey Demandas de Aprendizagem de Inglês no Brasil [Demand for English Learning in Brazil, British Council, 2013], only 5.1 per cent of the population aged 16 or more claim to have some knowledge of English. This claim, however, is more a question of perception and does not necessarily translate into actual knowledge of the language. Among the younger people, aged from 18 to 24 — who have completed or are about to complete their secondary education — the number claiming to speak English doubles to 10.3 per cent. Even so, this is a low percentage if we consider that most Brazilian students spend at least seven years studying English at school – more specifically, from the sixth grade of lower secondary education to the third grade of upper secondary education, for an average of two hours a week. There are also students who take English lessons at private language institutions or on courses offered before or after class by the public networks themselves. If we want to disrupt this conflicting situation and offer quality English teaching for all as part of the basic curriculum, we have to understand what it is during their time at school that determines whether or not they learn the language properly.


(Available at https://www.britishcouncil.org.br. Adapted.)
Gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as nouns. Present participles do not act as nouns. Instead, they act as modifiers or verbs. Analyse the use of the underlined ING forms in the text and mark the one that is a modifier.
Alternativas
Q4381284 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


Public policies for English teaching, an overview of Brazilian public network experience


    Next year, 2020, English teaching will become compulsory in public schools in Brazil. The government has recognised that, if it wants to have a world class economy that can negotiate internationally, having a greater percentage of people who can operate in English is an essential requirement, not a luxury. A study carried out by Move Social exclusively for the British Council, the first comprehensive analysis of how Brazilian states are creating a basis for compulsory teaching and learning of English has been issued. The study is supplemented by analyses and reflections by professionals from the area of education and English language teaching, and also describes some inspirational practices. As was to be expected, the results show great variations in the states’ level of preparation, even though a considerable amount of work has been done in developing curricula to comply with the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) [Commom National Curricular Base]. There is also an important analysis of the positioning in state documents about a focus on traditional grammar versus essential communication skills for the 21st century listed in the BNCC.

    According to the survey Demandas de Aprendizagem de Inglês no Brasil [Demand for English Learning in Brazil, British Council, 2013], only 5.1 per cent of the population aged 16 or more claim to have some knowledge of English. This claim, however, is more a question of perception and does not necessarily translate into actual knowledge of the language. Among the younger people, aged from 18 to 24 — who have completed or are about to complete their secondary education — the number claiming to speak English doubles to 10.3 per cent. Even so, this is a low percentage if we consider that most Brazilian students spend at least seven years studying English at school – more specifically, from the sixth grade of lower secondary education to the third grade of upper secondary education, for an average of two hours a week. There are also students who take English lessons at private language institutions or on courses offered before or after class by the public networks themselves. If we want to disrupt this conflicting situation and offer quality English teaching for all as part of the basic curriculum, we have to understand what it is during their time at school that determines whether or not they learn the language properly.


(Available at https://www.britishcouncil.org.br. Adapted.)
Mark the option that is consistent with the text.
Alternativas
Q4381283 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


America could soon face a wave of single moms being evicted


(By Lauren Sandler; may 28/2021.)


    Itwill be the true measure of our society and the predictor of our future: Whenever the CDC moratorium on evictions expires – which it’s set to do next month — millions of people could find themselves homeless. And perhaps most heavily represented among those millions are single mothers and their kids. These mothers are not numbers, they are people. People with names and narratives, with passions and ambitions. Data can tell us who is unemployed, who is on welfare, who is at risk for eviction, who is homeless. Data is an aggregate of lives distilled into cold figures, devoid of humanity. And yet the statistics of this pandemic year tell a staggering story. Women’s labor force participation has dropped to 57% since the pandemic began, and of all groups of parents, single moms have seen the biggest drop in the proportion who are employed. The service industry, a sector largely made up of women of color, shed more jobs than any other sector. Pandemic life – with massive unemployment, zoom schooling and social isolation — has brutalized no group as direly as the single mothers raising 15.76 million children. Lost jobs mean no money for rent, at least with our miserly welfare system. It didn’t have to be this way. It still doesn’t. For decades, researchers from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to Harvard have shown that vouchers providing rent payment are the most effective form of homelessness-prevention intervention. Families who receive vouchers are not only less likely to experience housing instability, they’re also less likely to need foster care. And they’re considerably less likely to experience domestic violence: four times as many housing-insecure women report abuse compared to those with greater stability. Despite all this, Section 8 program, which provides housing assistance to families, is severely underfunded. We are defined by who we deem worthy of investment, as an economy as well as an ethical society. Today we are failing ourselves on both counts.


(Available at https://time.com. Adapted.)
The word LIKELY, highlighted in the text, can be an adverb but it also has the distinguishing aspect of acting as an adjective. As for its usage in the text, LIKELY conveys the concept of: 
Alternativas
Q4381282 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


America could soon face a wave of single moms being evicted


(By Lauren Sandler; may 28/2021.)


    Itwill be the true measure of our society and the predictor of our future: Whenever the CDC moratorium on evictions expires – which it’s set to do next month — millions of people could find themselves homeless. And perhaps most heavily represented among those millions are single mothers and their kids. These mothers are not numbers, they are people. People with names and narratives, with passions and ambitions. Data can tell us who is unemployed, who is on welfare, who is at risk for eviction, who is homeless. Data is an aggregate of lives distilled into cold figures, devoid of humanity. And yet the statistics of this pandemic year tell a staggering story. Women’s labor force participation has dropped to 57% since the pandemic began, and of all groups of parents, single moms have seen the biggest drop in the proportion who are employed. The service industry, a sector largely made up of women of color, shed more jobs than any other sector. Pandemic life – with massive unemployment, zoom schooling and social isolation — has brutalized no group as direly as the single mothers raising 15.76 million children. Lost jobs mean no money for rent, at least with our miserly welfare system. It didn’t have to be this way. It still doesn’t. For decades, researchers from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to Harvard have shown that vouchers providing rent payment are the most effective form of homelessness-prevention intervention. Families who receive vouchers are not only less likely to experience housing instability, they’re also less likely to need foster care. And they’re considerably less likely to experience domestic violence: four times as many housing-insecure women report abuse compared to those with greater stability. Despite all this, Section 8 program, which provides housing assistance to families, is severely underfunded. We are defined by who we deem worthy of investment, as an economy as well as an ethical society. Today we are failing ourselves on both counts.


(Available at https://time.com. Adapted.)
According to text content, fair governmental expenditure should comprise:
Alternativas
Q4381281 Não definido
Read the text to answer.


America could soon face a wave of single moms being evicted


(By Lauren Sandler; may 28/2021.)


    Itwill be the true measure of our society and the predictor of our future: Whenever the CDC moratorium on evictions expires – which it’s set to do next month — millions of people could find themselves homeless. And perhaps most heavily represented among those millions are single mothers and their kids. These mothers are not numbers, they are people. People with names and narratives, with passions and ambitions. Data can tell us who is unemployed, who is on welfare, who is at risk for eviction, who is homeless. Data is an aggregate of lives distilled into cold figures, devoid of humanity. And yet the statistics of this pandemic year tell a staggering story. Women’s labor force participation has dropped to 57% since the pandemic began, and of all groups of parents, single moms have seen the biggest drop in the proportion who are employed. The service industry, a sector largely made up of women of color, shed more jobs than any other sector. Pandemic life – with massive unemployment, zoom schooling and social isolation — has brutalized no group as direly as the single mothers raising 15.76 million children. Lost jobs mean no money for rent, at least with our miserly welfare system. It didn’t have to be this way. It still doesn’t. For decades, researchers from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to Harvard have shown that vouchers providing rent payment are the most effective form of homelessness-prevention intervention. Families who receive vouchers are not only less likely to experience housing instability, they’re also less likely to need foster care. And they’re considerably less likely to experience domestic violence: four times as many housing-insecure women report abuse compared to those with greater stability. Despite all this, Section 8 program, which provides housing assistance to families, is severely underfunded. We are defined by who we deem worthy of investment, as an economy as well as an ethical society. Today we are failing ourselves on both counts.


(Available at https://time.com. Adapted.)
Considering that the genre “opinion piece” is an article, usually published in a newspaper or magazine, which is argumentative and features subjective positions with some social or political purpose including texts such as editorials, columns, editorial cartoons, and punditry, mark the item that describes one of the text’s main characteristic. 
Alternativas
Respostas
3561: B
3562: C
3563: C
3564: B
3565: B
3566: C
3567: A
3568: B
3569: D
3570: C
3571: D
3572: C
3573: D
3574: A
3575: D
3576: C
3577: D
3578: C
3579: D
3580: A