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Q3517874 Relações Internacionais

Considerando as instabilidades regionais e globais ocasionadas por conflitos armados e os consequentes desafios para a política externa e para os mecanismos internacionais existentes, julgue o item que se segue.  


O desejo de reforma do Conselho de Segurança da ONU é compartilhado por diversos grupos de países com os quais o Brasil tem significativo relacionamento, a exemplo da União Africana, que já se posicionou sobre essa reforma e a necessidade de representação africana permanente no referido conselho, conforme o Consenso de Ezulwini. 

Alternativas
Q3517873 Relações Internacionais

Considerando as instabilidades regionais e globais ocasionadas por conflitos armados e os consequentes desafios para a política externa e para os mecanismos internacionais existentes, julgue o item que se segue.  


No contexto das relações conflituosas entre Israel e Palestina, o Brasil tem compromisso com uma solução de dois Estados: um Estado da Palestina independente e viável, convivendo lado a lado com Israel, em paz e segurança dentro das fronteiras de 1967. 

Alternativas
Q3517872 Relações Internacionais

Considerando as instabilidades regionais e globais ocasionadas por conflitos armados e os consequentes desafios para a política externa e para os mecanismos internacionais existentes, julgue o item que se segue.  


O Brasil adota historicamente posição em favor do uso exclusivo da energia nuclear para fins pacíficos e rejeita qualquer forma de proliferação de armas nucleares; nesse contexto, tem expressado oficialmente sua preocupação com ações militares recentes que possam resultar em uso desse tipo de armamento. 

Alternativas
Q3517871 Relações Internacionais

No que se refere às relações entre Brasil e Estados Unidos da América (EUA), julgue o próximo item.  


As tarifas de importação denominadas recíprocas anunciadas originalmente pelos EUA em abril de 2025 foram baseadas em cálculo que induziria à eliminação do déficit comercial dos EUA com cada território, tendo sido anunciada, também à época, para cada produto, salvo algumas exceções, a aplicação de tarifa mínima de 10% que se somaria àquela recíproca, mesmo em face de superávit bilateral em favor dos EUA, como é o caso da relação com o Brasil, deficitária com os EUA há mais de uma década. 

Alternativas
Q3517870 Relações Internacionais

No que se refere às relações entre Brasil e Estados Unidos da América (EUA), julgue o próximo item.  


O Acordo entre Brasil e EUA sobre Salvaguardas Tecnológicas Relacionadas ao Centro Espacial de Alcântara prevê que o Brasil poderá utilizar os recursos financeiros obtidos por intermédio das atividades de lançamento para o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento do Programa Espacial Brasileiro, mas não poderá usá-los para a aquisição, o desenvolvimento, a produção, o teste, o emprego ou a utilização de sistemas da Categoria I do MTCR (no Brasil ou em outros territórios), ou seja, relativos a uma carga útil de pelo menos 500 kg por uma distância de ao menos de 300 km. 

Alternativas
Q3517869 Relações Internacionais

No que se refere às relações entre Brasil e Estados Unidos da América (EUA), julgue o próximo item.  


Com o Acordo entre Brasil e EUA sobre Salvaguardas Tecnológicas Relacionadas ao Centro Espacial de Alcântara, ambos os países se obrigam a autorizar licenças de exportação e importação necessárias à execução de atividades de lançamento. 

Alternativas
Q3517868 Relações Internacionais

As relações internacionais devem ser consideradas em um mundo de estruturas globais e de mudanças econômicas, políticas e sociais, e, nesse contexto, a política externa brasileira está constantemente frente a desafios globais e regionais. A esse respeito, julgue o item subsequente.  


A chamada Lei de Reciprocidade Econômica, de iniciativa parlamentar e recentemente sancionada pelo presidente da República, autoriza a reação, em novos moldes, do Brasil, ao fixar critérios para a suspensão de concessões comerciais, de investimentos e de obrigações em direitos de propriedade intelectual como resposta a ações unilaterais que, tomadas por países ou blocos econômicos, impactem negativamente a competitividade internacional brasileira.  

Alternativas
Q3517867 Relações Internacionais

As relações internacionais devem ser consideradas em um mundo de estruturas globais e de mudanças econômicas, políticas e sociais, e, nesse contexto, a política externa brasileira está constantemente frente a desafios globais e regionais. A esse respeito, julgue o item subsequente.  


A política externa no governo Figueiredo centrava-se em um universalismo por meio do qual se pretendia manter a autonomia do Brasil no cenário crescentemente desfavorável da época, e, conquanto tenha marcado descontinuidade de rumos em face do pragmatismo responsável, definiu o país como parte do Terceiro Mundo, tendo sido disseminada nos fóruns internacionais como forma de denúncia à assimetria das estruturas políticas e econômicas internacionais.

Alternativas
Q3517866 Relações Internacionais

As relações internacionais devem ser consideradas em um mundo de estruturas globais e de mudanças econômicas, políticas e sociais, e, nesse contexto, a política externa brasileira está constantemente frente a desafios globais e regionais. A esse respeito, julgue o item subsequente.  


Desde a pandemia de covid-19, especialmente nas economias mais ricas, políticas nacionais ou regionais têm sido muitas vezes justificadas pela necessidade de descarbonização e de digitalização, assim como pela necessidade de incentivo à produção interna de bens estratégicos para a segurança nacional e a resiliência das cadeias produtivas, o que tem intensificado a corrida tecnológica e pela competitividade global por meio de subsídios, barreiras à exportação e importação, fomento à pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação (PD&I), compras públicas e créditos fiscais e tributários, além de margens de preferência e percentuais mínimos de conteúdo local, em um claro exemplo de como políticas industriais nacionais ou regionais podem impactar a política internacional.  

Alternativas
Q3517865 Relações Internacionais

As relações internacionais devem ser consideradas em um mundo de estruturas globais e de mudanças econômicas, políticas e sociais, e, nesse contexto, a política externa brasileira está constantemente frente a desafios globais e regionais. A esse respeito, julgue o item subsequente.  


Na perspectiva do estruturalismo da CEPAL, a dualidade nas relações internacionais, com países no centro desenvolvido e na periferia subdesenvolvida, decorre de fatores como diferenças tecnológicas entre as atividades primárias e industriais, perspectiva essa que pode ser redimensionada a partir da análise de sistemas-mundos, que abrange conceitos como o de semiperiferia, segundo o qual determinadas sociedades teriam elementos centrais e periféricos em seu território. 

Alternativas
Q3517864 Relações Internacionais

As relações internacionais devem ser consideradas em um mundo de estruturas globais e de mudanças econômicas, políticas e sociais, e, nesse contexto, a política externa brasileira está constantemente frente a desafios globais e regionais. A esse respeito, julgue o item subsequente.  


Autores associados ao realismo defensivo argumentam que, em um sistema anárquico dominado por uma ameaça potencial constante, os Estados revelam interesse racional em maximizar sua acumulação de poder para defender seus interesses e sua sobrevivência em um ambiente potencialmente hostil e incerto perante outros Estados. 

Alternativas
Q3517863 Relações Internacionais

As relações internacionais devem ser consideradas em um mundo de estruturas globais e de mudanças econômicas, políticas e sociais, e, nesse contexto, a política externa brasileira está constantemente frente a desafios globais e regionais. A esse respeito, julgue o item subsequente. 


A participação brasileira na União de Nações Sul-Americanas (UNASUL) — cujo objetivo é construir espaço de integração e união no âmbito cultural, social, econômico e político entre seus povos, priorizando o diálogo político, as políticas sociais, a educação, a energia, a infraestrutura, o financiamento e o meio ambiente, para eliminar a desigualdade socioeconômica, alcançar inclusão social e participação cidadã, fortalecer a democracia e reduzir as assimetrias no marco do fortalecimento da soberania e independência dos Estados — foi reativada a partir de 2023, ano em que foi editado decreto que promulga o tratado constitutivo dessa união, criada em 2008. 

Alternativas
Q3517862 Inglês
        Equipped with spiritual armor against the threats and blows of a new, strange life, literate man marches forth to win victories in war and statecraft, art and science, religion and business. But in achieving these triumphs each civilization brings into being, willy-nilly, a larger and more complex community, increasingly divided against itself by internal cleavages of needs and creeds and fraught with growing contradictions in all spheres of life between theory and practice, faith and works, ideals and realities. The new unity of sentiment and purpose which gloriously characterizes the coming of the great age proves to be short-lived.

         The uneasy balance of instinct, egotism, and ethics, woefully lost with the initial transition from preliteracy to civilization and transiently regained in new devotions to tribal gods, human or divine, is again lost as the orbit of civilization moves from tribe and kingdom and nation to the complex and confusing imperium of the great society and the World State. The acids of rationalism and skepticism dissolve old loyalties. The injunctions of morality, even when reinforced by the vision of the monotheistic higher religions, conflict with reason and self-interest. Man is divided against himself. And therefore men become divided against themselves in new cleavages of rich and poor, in-group and out-group, faithful and infidel, orthodox and heterodox, my side and your side.

Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the
Western State System. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1948.  

According to the preceding text, judge the following item.  


In the second sentence of the first paragraph, the expression “willy-nilly” indicates that civilizations easily generate more complex communities. 

Alternativas
Q3517861 Inglês
        Equipped with spiritual armor against the threats and blows of a new, strange life, literate man marches forth to win victories in war and statecraft, art and science, religion and business. But in achieving these triumphs each civilization brings into being, willy-nilly, a larger and more complex community, increasingly divided against itself by internal cleavages of needs and creeds and fraught with growing contradictions in all spheres of life between theory and practice, faith and works, ideals and realities. The new unity of sentiment and purpose which gloriously characterizes the coming of the great age proves to be short-lived.

         The uneasy balance of instinct, egotism, and ethics, woefully lost with the initial transition from preliteracy to civilization and transiently regained in new devotions to tribal gods, human or divine, is again lost as the orbit of civilization moves from tribe and kingdom and nation to the complex and confusing imperium of the great society and the World State. The acids of rationalism and skepticism dissolve old loyalties. The injunctions of morality, even when reinforced by the vision of the monotheistic higher religions, conflict with reason and self-interest. Man is divided against himself. And therefore men become divided against themselves in new cleavages of rich and poor, in-group and out-group, faithful and infidel, orthodox and heterodox, my side and your side.

Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the
Western State System. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1948.  

According to the preceding text, judge the following item.  


The spiritual armor mentioned in the first sentence of the text can be correctly understood as the condition of literacy, which characterizes the notion of civilization adopted by the author.  

Alternativas
Q3517860 Inglês
        Equipped with spiritual armor against the threats and blows of a new, strange life, literate man marches forth to win victories in war and statecraft, art and science, religion and business. But in achieving these triumphs each civilization brings into being, willy-nilly, a larger and more complex community, increasingly divided against itself by internal cleavages of needs and creeds and fraught with growing contradictions in all spheres of life between theory and practice, faith and works, ideals and realities. The new unity of sentiment and purpose which gloriously characterizes the coming of the great age proves to be short-lived.

         The uneasy balance of instinct, egotism, and ethics, woefully lost with the initial transition from preliteracy to civilization and transiently regained in new devotions to tribal gods, human or divine, is again lost as the orbit of civilization moves from tribe and kingdom and nation to the complex and confusing imperium of the great society and the World State. The acids of rationalism and skepticism dissolve old loyalties. The injunctions of morality, even when reinforced by the vision of the monotheistic higher religions, conflict with reason and self-interest. Man is divided against himself. And therefore men become divided against themselves in new cleavages of rich and poor, in-group and out-group, faithful and infidel, orthodox and heterodox, my side and your side.

Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the
Western State System. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1948.  

According to the preceding text, judge the following item.  


One of the assumptions underlying the text is that there is a fundamental difference between two kinds of human groups: the literate and civilized, on one hand, and the illiterate and uncivilized, on the other. 

Alternativas
Q3517859 Inglês
        Equipped with spiritual armor against the threats and blows of a new, strange life, literate man marches forth to win victories in war and statecraft, art and science, religion and business. But in achieving these triumphs each civilization brings into being, willy-nilly, a larger and more complex community, increasingly divided against itself by internal cleavages of needs and creeds and fraught with growing contradictions in all spheres of life between theory and practice, faith and works, ideals and realities. The new unity of sentiment and purpose which gloriously characterizes the coming of the great age proves to be short-lived.

         The uneasy balance of instinct, egotism, and ethics, woefully lost with the initial transition from preliteracy to civilization and transiently regained in new devotions to tribal gods, human or divine, is again lost as the orbit of civilization moves from tribe and kingdom and nation to the complex and confusing imperium of the great society and the World State. The acids of rationalism and skepticism dissolve old loyalties. The injunctions of morality, even when reinforced by the vision of the monotheistic higher religions, conflict with reason and self-interest. Man is divided against himself. And therefore men become divided against themselves in new cleavages of rich and poor, in-group and out-group, faithful and infidel, orthodox and heterodox, my side and your side.

Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the
Western State System. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1948.  

According to the preceding text, judge the following item.  


In the first sentence of the second paragraph, “woefully” and “transiently” modify two different actions.  

Alternativas
Q3517858 Inglês
        Equipped with spiritual armor against the threats and blows of a new, strange life, literate man marches forth to win victories in war and statecraft, art and science, religion and business. But in achieving these triumphs each civilization brings into being, willy-nilly, a larger and more complex community, increasingly divided against itself by internal cleavages of needs and creeds and fraught with growing contradictions in all spheres of life between theory and practice, faith and works, ideals and realities. The new unity of sentiment and purpose which gloriously characterizes the coming of the great age proves to be short-lived.

         The uneasy balance of instinct, egotism, and ethics, woefully lost with the initial transition from preliteracy to civilization and transiently regained in new devotions to tribal gods, human or divine, is again lost as the orbit of civilization moves from tribe and kingdom and nation to the complex and confusing imperium of the great society and the World State. The acids of rationalism and skepticism dissolve old loyalties. The injunctions of morality, even when reinforced by the vision of the monotheistic higher religions, conflict with reason and self-interest. Man is divided against himself. And therefore men become divided against themselves in new cleavages of rich and poor, in-group and out-group, faithful and infidel, orthodox and heterodox, my side and your side.

Frederick L. Schuman. International politics: the destiny of the
Western State System. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1948.  

According to the preceding text, judge the following item.  


It is correct to conclude from the meanings and the grammatical structure of the second sentence of the text that contradictions are part of the “cleavages of needs and creeds”.  

Alternativas
Q3517857 Inglês
        There is nothing inevitable about choices that are environmentally destructive. In 1800, there were indeed 550 steam engines in Europe but there were over 500,000 water mills. Coal was more expensive than hydro power and many industrialists were not persuaded of its added value. It was the economic recession of 1825-1848 with increasing agitation by textile workers over salaries and conditions which made the use of coal-powered, steam-driven spinning machines a much more attractive proposition. More machines meant fewer workers and fewer workers meant fewer demands, notably for wage rises. Therefore, the substantial increase in CO2 emissions in Britain in the first half of the nineteenth century, which through economic competition, war and imperial domination would start a worldwide trend, was not the blind outcome of the machinery of ‘progress’ but the cumulative consequence of a set of very specific decisions taken by identifiable socio-economic actors.

         Similarly, the notion that ecological awareness is only a very recent phenomenon where “humanity” finally woke up to the environmental consequences of its economic activities does not stand up to scrutiny. In the period from the beginnings of the industrial revolution to the decade when the movement towards fossil fuels use becomes more marked, awareness of the relationships between humans and their environment or the “natural world” was widespread. Environmental risks have been clearly and repeatedly signalled from the time of the industrial revolution onwards. The notion of an unthinking humanity bringing destruction upon itself does not bear up to examination.

Michael Cronin. Eco-Translation: translation and ecology in the
Age of the Anthropocene. New York: Routledge, 2017. p. 11-12 (adapted). 

In relation to the previous text, judge the item that follow. 


In the second paragraph, the expressions “stand up to scrutiny” (first sentence) and “bear up to examination” (last sentence) have similar meanings and may correctly be used interchangeably in the text.  

Alternativas
Q3517856 Inglês
        There is nothing inevitable about choices that are environmentally destructive. In 1800, there were indeed 550 steam engines in Europe but there were over 500,000 water mills. Coal was more expensive than hydro power and many industrialists were not persuaded of its added value. It was the economic recession of 1825-1848 with increasing agitation by textile workers over salaries and conditions which made the use of coal-powered, steam-driven spinning machines a much more attractive proposition. More machines meant fewer workers and fewer workers meant fewer demands, notably for wage rises. Therefore, the substantial increase in CO2 emissions in Britain in the first half of the nineteenth century, which through economic competition, war and imperial domination would start a worldwide trend, was not the blind outcome of the machinery of ‘progress’ but the cumulative consequence of a set of very specific decisions taken by identifiable socio-economic actors.

         Similarly, the notion that ecological awareness is only a very recent phenomenon where “humanity” finally woke up to the environmental consequences of its economic activities does not stand up to scrutiny. In the period from the beginnings of the industrial revolution to the decade when the movement towards fossil fuels use becomes more marked, awareness of the relationships between humans and their environment or the “natural world” was widespread. Environmental risks have been clearly and repeatedly signalled from the time of the industrial revolution onwards. The notion of an unthinking humanity bringing destruction upon itself does not bear up to examination.

Michael Cronin. Eco-Translation: translation and ecology in the
Age of the Anthropocene. New York: Routledge, 2017. p. 11-12 (adapted). 

In relation to the previous text, judge the item that follow. 


The point the author intends to make with the text is that environmental concerns began with the industrial revolution in Britain.  

Alternativas
Q3517855 Inglês
        There is nothing inevitable about choices that are environmentally destructive. In 1800, there were indeed 550 steam engines in Europe but there were over 500,000 water mills. Coal was more expensive than hydro power and many industrialists were not persuaded of its added value. It was the economic recession of 1825-1848 with increasing agitation by textile workers over salaries and conditions which made the use of coal-powered, steam-driven spinning machines a much more attractive proposition. More machines meant fewer workers and fewer workers meant fewer demands, notably for wage rises. Therefore, the substantial increase in CO2 emissions in Britain in the first half of the nineteenth century, which through economic competition, war and imperial domination would start a worldwide trend, was not the blind outcome of the machinery of ‘progress’ but the cumulative consequence of a set of very specific decisions taken by identifiable socio-economic actors.

         Similarly, the notion that ecological awareness is only a very recent phenomenon where “humanity” finally woke up to the environmental consequences of its economic activities does not stand up to scrutiny. In the period from the beginnings of the industrial revolution to the decade when the movement towards fossil fuels use becomes more marked, awareness of the relationships between humans and their environment or the “natural world” was widespread. Environmental risks have been clearly and repeatedly signalled from the time of the industrial revolution onwards. The notion of an unthinking humanity bringing destruction upon itself does not bear up to examination.

Michael Cronin. Eco-Translation: translation and ecology in the
Age of the Anthropocene. New York: Routledge, 2017. p. 11-12 (adapted). 

In relation to the previous text, judge the item that follow. 


In the second paragraph, the author claims that the use of fossil fuels marked the relationship between humans and their environment.  

Alternativas
Respostas
321: C
322: C
323: C
324: C
325: C
326: E
327: C
328: E
329: C
330: C
331: E
332: C
333: E
334: C
335: C
336: C
337: E
338: C
339: E
340: E