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Q1311640 Inglês
TEXT ONE:

Foreign Language Teaching Methods
                       Dr. Janet Swaffar, Reading Module Instructor

Definitions of Reading

Among the many definitions of reading that have arisen in recent decades, three prominent ideas emerge as most critical for understanding what “learning to read” means:

• Reading is a process undertaken to reduce uncertainty about meanings a text conveys.

• The process results from a negotiation of meaning between the text and its reader.

• The knowledge, expectations, and strategies a reader uses to uncover textual meaning all play decisive roles way the reader negotiates with the text’s meaning.

Reading does not draw on one kind of cognitive skill, nor does it have a straightforward outcome — most texts are understood in different ways by different readers.


Background Knowledge

For foreign language learners to read, they have to be prepared to use various abilities and strategies they already possess from their reading experiences in their native language. They will need the knowledge they possess to help orient themselves in the many dimensions of language implicated in any text. Researchers have established that the act of reading is a non-linear process that is recursive and context-dependent. Readers tend to jump ahead or go back to different segments of the text, depending on what they are reading to find out.

Goals

Asking a learner to “read” a text requires that teachers specify a reading goal. One minimal goal is to ask the learner to find particular grammatical constructions or to identify words that relate to particular features or topics of the reading. But such goals are always only partial. For example, a text also reveals a lot about the readers for which it is written and a lot about subject matter that foreign language learners may or may not know or anticipate.

A Holistic Approach to Reading

The curriculum described here is called a holistic curriculum, following Miller (1996). Holistic education is concerned with connections in human experience – connections between mind and body, between linear thinking and intuitive ways of knowing, between academic disciplines, between the individual and the community A holistic curriculum emphasizes how the parts of a whole relate to each other to form the whole. From this perspective, reading relates to speaking, writing, listening comprehension, and culture.

Pedagogical Stages of Reading

Ideally, each text used in such a curriculum should be pedagogically staged so that learners approach it by moving from pre-reading, through initial reading, and into rereading. This sequence carefully moves the learner from comprehension tasks to production tasks. In addition, these tasks should build upon each other in terms of increasing cognitive difficulty.


• Pre-Reading: The initial levels of learning, as described in Bloom’s Taxonomy, involve recognizing and comprehending features of a text. As proposed here, pre-reading tasks involve speaking, reading, and listening.

• Initial Reading: Initial reading tasks orient the learner to the text and activate the cognitive resources that are associated with the learner’s own expectations. For example, discussions of genres and stereotypes may help the learner to identify potential reading difficulties and to strategize ways to overcome these challenges. Simple oral and written reproduction tasks should precede more complex production tasks that call for considering creative thinking about several issues at the same time.

• Rereading:In rereading, the learner is encouraged to engage in active L2 production such as verbal or written analysis and argumentation. These activities require longer and more complex discourse. At this point, the language learner’s critical thinking needs to interact with their general knowledge. Ideally, cultural context and the individual foreign language learner’s own identity emerge as central to all acts of production.

Available at:<https://coerll.utexas.edu> .
Acessed on: August 8th, 2018. 
The text is very specific when dealing with foreign language learners. It says they
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Q1311639 Inglês
TEXT ONE:

Foreign Language Teaching Methods
                       Dr. Janet Swaffar, Reading Module Instructor

Definitions of Reading

Among the many definitions of reading that have arisen in recent decades, three prominent ideas emerge as most critical for understanding what “learning to read” means:

• Reading is a process undertaken to reduce uncertainty about meanings a text conveys.

• The process results from a negotiation of meaning between the text and its reader.

• The knowledge, expectations, and strategies a reader uses to uncover textual meaning all play decisive roles way the reader negotiates with the text’s meaning.

Reading does not draw on one kind of cognitive skill, nor does it have a straightforward outcome — most texts are understood in different ways by different readers.


Background Knowledge

For foreign language learners to read, they have to be prepared to use various abilities and strategies they already possess from their reading experiences in their native language. They will need the knowledge they possess to help orient themselves in the many dimensions of language implicated in any text. Researchers have established that the act of reading is a non-linear process that is recursive and context-dependent. Readers tend to jump ahead or go back to different segments of the text, depending on what they are reading to find out.

Goals

Asking a learner to “read” a text requires that teachers specify a reading goal. One minimal goal is to ask the learner to find particular grammatical constructions or to identify words that relate to particular features or topics of the reading. But such goals are always only partial. For example, a text also reveals a lot about the readers for which it is written and a lot about subject matter that foreign language learners may or may not know or anticipate.

A Holistic Approach to Reading

The curriculum described here is called a holistic curriculum, following Miller (1996). Holistic education is concerned with connections in human experience – connections between mind and body, between linear thinking and intuitive ways of knowing, between academic disciplines, between the individual and the community A holistic curriculum emphasizes how the parts of a whole relate to each other to form the whole. From this perspective, reading relates to speaking, writing, listening comprehension, and culture.

Pedagogical Stages of Reading

Ideally, each text used in such a curriculum should be pedagogically staged so that learners approach it by moving from pre-reading, through initial reading, and into rereading. This sequence carefully moves the learner from comprehension tasks to production tasks. In addition, these tasks should build upon each other in terms of increasing cognitive difficulty.


• Pre-Reading: The initial levels of learning, as described in Bloom’s Taxonomy, involve recognizing and comprehending features of a text. As proposed here, pre-reading tasks involve speaking, reading, and listening.

• Initial Reading: Initial reading tasks orient the learner to the text and activate the cognitive resources that are associated with the learner’s own expectations. For example, discussions of genres and stereotypes may help the learner to identify potential reading difficulties and to strategize ways to overcome these challenges. Simple oral and written reproduction tasks should precede more complex production tasks that call for considering creative thinking about several issues at the same time.

• Rereading:In rereading, the learner is encouraged to engage in active L2 production such as verbal or written analysis and argumentation. These activities require longer and more complex discourse. At this point, the language learner’s critical thinking needs to interact with their general knowledge. Ideally, cultural context and the individual foreign language learner’s own identity emerge as central to all acts of production.

Available at:<https://coerll.utexas.edu> .
Acessed on: August 8th, 2018. 
According to the text, reading is a process that
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Q1306719 Português
Assinale a alternativa em que todas as palavras sejam classificadas como Ditongo crescente:
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Q1306701 História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
Das alternativas a seguir, a maior cidade em extensão territorial é:
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Q1306700 Atualidades
Com base na notícia a seguir e utilizando seus conhecimentos sobre o assunto, analise o trecho e assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna:
“O Subprocurador-geral __________________, indicado pelo presidente Jair Bolsonaro para ser o novo chefe da Procuradoria Geral República (PGR), concede entrevista após reunir-se com o presidente do Senado.”
(Fonte adaptada: http://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/>acesso em 12 de setembro de 2019)
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Q1306698 Português
Assinale a alternativa em que a colocação pronominal está empregada corretamente:
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Q1306697 Português
Analise as orações a seguir: ¹A ventania não derrubou árvores ²nem arrancou cercas. Assinale a alternativa que classifica correta e respectivamente as orações acima:
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Q1306696 Português

Analise as afirmativas a seguir:


(__) - Usa-se o ponto final para encerrar períodos;

(__) - Usa-se o ponto de interrogação no final de frases exclamativas;

(__) - Usa-se a vírgula para separar o sujeito do predicado;

(__) - Usa-se os dois pontos para introduzir citação.


Considerando que (V) significa verdadeiro e (F) significa falso, assinale a alternativa correta:

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Q1306168 Pedagogia
A avaliação é parte integrante do processo ensino/aprendizagem e ganhou na atualidade espaço muito amplo nos processos de ensino. A avaliação da aprendizagem, no novo paradigma, é um processo mediador na construção do currículo e se encontra intimamente relacionada:
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Q1306167 Pedagogia
Referente à educação na Constituição Federal de 1988, o não oferecimento do ensino obrigatório pelo poder público, ou sua oferta irregular, importa:
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Q1306166 Pedagogia
Luiz Carlos Cagliari, ao debater sobre o tema de alfabetização e ortografia, afirma que o alfabetizando identifica as letras e vai aprendendo ao mesmo tempo a ortografia, a partir das lições do professor e dos livros ou do material didático. Porém, quando vai escrever a partir de sua iniciativa, como tem poucas referências ortográficas em sua mente, lança mão:
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Q1306165 Pedagogia
Conforme consta na Lei nº 8.069/90, a criança e o adolescente têm direito a proteção à vida e à saúde, mediante:
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Q1306164 Pedagogia
Segundo o autor Paulo Freire, a educação que se impõe aos que verdadeiramente se comprometem com a libertação não pode fundar-se numa compreensão:
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Q1306163 Pedagogia

De acordo com a Lei nº 9.394/96, os sistemas de ensino promoverão a valorização dos profissionais da educação, assegurando-lhes, inclusive nos termos dos estatutos e dos planos de carreira do magistério público:

I. Progressão funcional baseada na titulação ou habilitação, e na avaliação do desempenho;

II. Ingresso exclusivamente por concurso público de provas e títulos e entrevista;

III. Período reservado a estudos, planejamento e avaliação, incluído na carga de trabalho;

IV. Aperfeiçoamento profissional continuado, sem licenciamento periódico remunerado.

Dos itens acima:

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Q1306162 Educação Artística

Leia o trecho a seguir referente a uma importante artista brasileira e responda: Compositora, pianista e regente, nascida no Rio de Janeiro em 17 de outubro de 1847, foi a primeira mulher a conduzir uma orquestra Brasil. Com mais de duas mil composições no currículo, é autora da primeira marchinha de carnaval da história, “Ô Abre Alas”.

O trecho refere-se à:

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Q1306161 Educação Artística
Observa-se uma tendência em localizar na França do século XIX o início da arte moderna. O rompimento com os temas clássicos vem acompanhado na arte moderna pela superação das tentativas de:
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Q1306160 Educação Artística
A arte gótica é posterior à arte românica, e fora desenvolvida no período denominado de Baixa Idade Média. Uma das caraterísticas mais relevantes da arquitetura gótica é a:
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Q1306159 Educação Artística
Durante o período neolítico europeu os homens já dominavam o fogo e passaram a produzir objetos de cerâmica, normalmente disponíveis em vasos, decorados com motivos geométricos em sua superfície. Somente na idade do bronze a produção da cerâmica alcançou grande desenvolvimento, em virtude:
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Q1306158 Educação Artística

Leia o trecho a seguir e assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna:

“O ensino de arte é identificado pela visão humanista e filosófica que demarcou as tendências _________ e _________. Embora ambas se contraponham em proposições, métodos e entendimento dos papéis do professor e do aluno, ficam evidentes as influências que exerceram nas ações escolares de arte. Essas tendências vigoraram desde o início do século e ainda hoje participam das escolhas pedagógicas e estéticas de professores de arte.”

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Q1306157 Artes Cênicas
O teatro, no processo de formação da criança, cumpre não só função integradora, mas dá oportunidade para que ela:
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Respostas
19621: A
19622: B
19623: B
19624: A
19625: C
19626: D
19627: A
19628: A
19629: D
19630: A
19631: C
19632: B
19633: D
19634: A
19635: A
19636: C
19637: A
19638: A
19639: C
19640: B