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Ano: 2023
Banca:
IDCAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT
Prova:
IDCAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT - Professor - Inglês |
Q3456992
Inglês
Texto associado
Stanford Medicine scientists transform cancer cells
into weapons against cancer
March 1, 2023 - By Christopher Vaughan
(1º§) Some cities fight gangs with ex-members who educate kids and starve gangs of new recruits. Stanford
Medicine researchers have done something similar with
cancer — altering cancer cells so that they teach the
body's immune system to fight the very cancer the cells
came from.
(2º§) "This approach could open up an entirely new
therapeutic approach to treating cancer," said Ravi
Majeti, MD, PhD, a professor of hematology and the
study's senior author. The research was published March
1 in Cancer Discovery. The lead author is Miles Linde,
PhD, a former PhD student in immunology who is now at
the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Institute in Seattle.
(3º§) Some of the most promising cancer treatments use
the patient's own immune system to attack the cancer,
often __ taking the brakes off immune responses to
cancer or by teaching the immune system to recognize
and attack the cancer more vigorously. T cells, part of the
immune system that learns to identify and attack new
pathogens such as viruses, can be trained to recognize
specific cancer antigens, which are proteins that
generate an immune response.
(4º§) For instance, in CAR T-cell therapy, T cells are
taken from a patient, programmed to recognize a specific
cancer antigen, then returned to the patient. But there are
many cancer antigens, and physicians sometimes need
to guess which ones will be most potent.
(5º§) A better approach would be to train T cells to
recognize cancer via processes that more closely mimic
the way things naturally occur in the body — like the way
a vaccine teaches the immune system to recognize
pathogens. T cells learn to recognize pathogens because
special antigen presenting cells (APCs) gather pieces of
the pathogen and show them to the T cells in a way that
tells the T cells, "Here is what the pathogen looks like —
go get it."
(6º§) Something similar in cancer would be for APCs to
gather up the many antigens that characterize a cancer
cell. That way, instead of T cells being programmed to
attack one or a few antigens, they are trained to
recognize many cancer antigens and are more likely to
wage a multipronged attack on the cancer.
(7º§) Now that researchers have become adept at
transforming one kind of cell into another, Majeti and his
colleagues had a hunch that if they turned cancer cells
into a type of APC called macrophages, they would be
naturally adept at teaching T cells what to attack.
(8º§) "We hypothesized that maybe cancer cells
reprogrammed into macrophage cells could stimulate T
cells because those APCs carry all the antigens of the
cancer cells they came from," said Majeti, who is also the
RZ Cao Professor, assistant director of the Institute for
Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and
director of the Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell
Research and Medicine.
(9º§) The study builds on prior research from the Majeti
lab showing that cells taken from patients with a type of
acute leukemia could be converted into non-leukemic
macrophages with many of the properties of APCs.
(10º§) In the current study, the researchers programmed
mouse leukemia cells so that some of them could be
induced to transform themselves into APCs. When they
tested their cancer vaccine strategy on the mouse
immune system, the mice successfully cleared the
cancer.
(11º§) "When we first saw the data showing clearance of
the leukemia in the mice __ working immune systems, we were blown away," Majeti said. "We couldn't believe it
worked as well as it did."
(12º§) Other experiments showed that the cells created
from cancer cells were indeed acting as
antigen-presenting cells that sensitized T cells to the
cancer. "What's more, we showed that the immune
system remembered what these cells taught them,"
Majeti said. "When we reintroduced cancer to these mice
over 100 days after the initial tumor inoculation, they still
had a strong immunological response that protected
them."
(13º§) "We wondered, If this works with leukemias, will it
also work with solid tumors?" Majeti said. The team
tested the same approach using mouse fibrosarcoma,
breast cancer, and bone cancer. "The transformation of
cancer cells from solid tumors was not as efficient, but we
still observed positive results," Majeti said. With all three
cancers, the creation of tumor-derived APCs led to
significantly improved survival.
(14º§) Lastly, the researchers returned to the original
type of acute leukemia. When the human leukemia
cell-derived APCs were exposed to human T cells from
the same patient, they observed all the signs that would
be expected if the APCs were indeed teaching the T cells
how to attack the leukemia.
(15º§) "We showed that reprogrammed tumor cells could
lead to a durable and systemic attack on the cancer in
mice and a similar response with human patient immune
cells," Majeti said. "In the future we might be able to take
out tumor cells, transform them into APCs and give them
back to patients as a therapeutic cancer vaccine."
(16º§) "Ultimately, we might be able to inject RNA into
patients and transform enough cells to activate the
immune system against cancer without having to take
cells out first," Majeti said. "That's science fiction __ this
point, but that's the direction we are interested in going."
(17º§) The work was supported by funding from the
Ludwig Foundation for Cancer Research, the Emerson
Collective Cancer Research Fund, the New York Stem
Cell Foundation, the Stinehart-Reed Foundation, the
Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, the J. Benjamin
Eckenhoff Fund, the Blavatnik Family Fellowship, the
Deutsche Forschungsgemainshaft, the Knut and Alice
Wallenberg Foundation, the Stanford Human Biology
Research Exploration Program, the National Institutes of
Health (grant F31CA196029), the American Society of
Hematology, the A.P. Giannini Foundation, and the
Stanford Cancer Institute.
(adapted)
med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2023/03/cancer-hematology.html
PROFESSOR INGLÊS - 1 8
Which of the following verbs used in the text can be
considered an irregular verb?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
IDCAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT
Prova:
IDCAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT - Professor - Inglês |
Q3456991
Inglês
Texto associado
Stanford Medicine scientists transform cancer cells
into weapons against cancer
March 1, 2023 - By Christopher Vaughan
(1º§) Some cities fight gangs with ex-members who educate kids and starve gangs of new recruits. Stanford
Medicine researchers have done something similar with
cancer — altering cancer cells so that they teach the
body's immune system to fight the very cancer the cells
came from.
(2º§) "This approach could open up an entirely new
therapeutic approach to treating cancer," said Ravi
Majeti, MD, PhD, a professor of hematology and the
study's senior author. The research was published March
1 in Cancer Discovery. The lead author is Miles Linde,
PhD, a former PhD student in immunology who is now at
the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Institute in Seattle.
(3º§) Some of the most promising cancer treatments use
the patient's own immune system to attack the cancer,
often __ taking the brakes off immune responses to
cancer or by teaching the immune system to recognize
and attack the cancer more vigorously. T cells, part of the
immune system that learns to identify and attack new
pathogens such as viruses, can be trained to recognize
specific cancer antigens, which are proteins that
generate an immune response.
(4º§) For instance, in CAR T-cell therapy, T cells are
taken from a patient, programmed to recognize a specific
cancer antigen, then returned to the patient. But there are
many cancer antigens, and physicians sometimes need
to guess which ones will be most potent.
(5º§) A better approach would be to train T cells to
recognize cancer via processes that more closely mimic
the way things naturally occur in the body — like the way
a vaccine teaches the immune system to recognize
pathogens. T cells learn to recognize pathogens because
special antigen presenting cells (APCs) gather pieces of
the pathogen and show them to the T cells in a way that
tells the T cells, "Here is what the pathogen looks like —
go get it."
(6º§) Something similar in cancer would be for APCs to
gather up the many antigens that characterize a cancer
cell. That way, instead of T cells being programmed to
attack one or a few antigens, they are trained to
recognize many cancer antigens and are more likely to
wage a multipronged attack on the cancer.
(7º§) Now that researchers have become adept at
transforming one kind of cell into another, Majeti and his
colleagues had a hunch that if they turned cancer cells
into a type of APC called macrophages, they would be
naturally adept at teaching T cells what to attack.
(8º§) "We hypothesized that maybe cancer cells
reprogrammed into macrophage cells could stimulate T
cells because those APCs carry all the antigens of the
cancer cells they came from," said Majeti, who is also the
RZ Cao Professor, assistant director of the Institute for
Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and
director of the Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell
Research and Medicine.
(9º§) The study builds on prior research from the Majeti
lab showing that cells taken from patients with a type of
acute leukemia could be converted into non-leukemic
macrophages with many of the properties of APCs.
(10º§) In the current study, the researchers programmed
mouse leukemia cells so that some of them could be
induced to transform themselves into APCs. When they
tested their cancer vaccine strategy on the mouse
immune system, the mice successfully cleared the
cancer.
(11º§) "When we first saw the data showing clearance of
the leukemia in the mice __ working immune systems, we were blown away," Majeti said. "We couldn't believe it
worked as well as it did."
(12º§) Other experiments showed that the cells created
from cancer cells were indeed acting as
antigen-presenting cells that sensitized T cells to the
cancer. "What's more, we showed that the immune
system remembered what these cells taught them,"
Majeti said. "When we reintroduced cancer to these mice
over 100 days after the initial tumor inoculation, they still
had a strong immunological response that protected
them."
(13º§) "We wondered, If this works with leukemias, will it
also work with solid tumors?" Majeti said. The team
tested the same approach using mouse fibrosarcoma,
breast cancer, and bone cancer. "The transformation of
cancer cells from solid tumors was not as efficient, but we
still observed positive results," Majeti said. With all three
cancers, the creation of tumor-derived APCs led to
significantly improved survival.
(14º§) Lastly, the researchers returned to the original
type of acute leukemia. When the human leukemia
cell-derived APCs were exposed to human T cells from
the same patient, they observed all the signs that would
be expected if the APCs were indeed teaching the T cells
how to attack the leukemia.
(15º§) "We showed that reprogrammed tumor cells could
lead to a durable and systemic attack on the cancer in
mice and a similar response with human patient immune
cells," Majeti said. "In the future we might be able to take
out tumor cells, transform them into APCs and give them
back to patients as a therapeutic cancer vaccine."
(16º§) "Ultimately, we might be able to inject RNA into
patients and transform enough cells to activate the
immune system against cancer without having to take
cells out first," Majeti said. "That's science fiction __ this
point, but that's the direction we are interested in going."
(17º§) The work was supported by funding from the
Ludwig Foundation for Cancer Research, the Emerson
Collective Cancer Research Fund, the New York Stem
Cell Foundation, the Stinehart-Reed Foundation, the
Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, the J. Benjamin
Eckenhoff Fund, the Blavatnik Family Fellowship, the
Deutsche Forschungsgemainshaft, the Knut and Alice
Wallenberg Foundation, the Stanford Human Biology
Research Exploration Program, the National Institutes of
Health (grant F31CA196029), the American Society of
Hematology, the A.P. Giannini Foundation, and the
Stanford Cancer Institute.
(adapted)
med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2023/03/cancer-hematology.html
PROFESSOR INGLÊS - 1 8
What groundbreaking approach to cancer treatment does
the research discuss?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
IDCAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT
Prova:
IDCAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT - Professor - Inglês |
Q3456990
Inglês
Texto associado
Stanford Medicine scientists transform cancer cells
into weapons against cancer
March 1, 2023 - By Christopher Vaughan
(1º§) Some cities fight gangs with ex-members who educate kids and starve gangs of new recruits. Stanford
Medicine researchers have done something similar with
cancer — altering cancer cells so that they teach the
body's immune system to fight the very cancer the cells
came from.
(2º§) "This approach could open up an entirely new
therapeutic approach to treating cancer," said Ravi
Majeti, MD, PhD, a professor of hematology and the
study's senior author. The research was published March
1 in Cancer Discovery. The lead author is Miles Linde,
PhD, a former PhD student in immunology who is now at
the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Institute in Seattle.
(3º§) Some of the most promising cancer treatments use
the patient's own immune system to attack the cancer,
often __ taking the brakes off immune responses to
cancer or by teaching the immune system to recognize
and attack the cancer more vigorously. T cells, part of the
immune system that learns to identify and attack new
pathogens such as viruses, can be trained to recognize
specific cancer antigens, which are proteins that
generate an immune response.
(4º§) For instance, in CAR T-cell therapy, T cells are
taken from a patient, programmed to recognize a specific
cancer antigen, then returned to the patient. But there are
many cancer antigens, and physicians sometimes need
to guess which ones will be most potent.
(5º§) A better approach would be to train T cells to
recognize cancer via processes that more closely mimic
the way things naturally occur in the body — like the way
a vaccine teaches the immune system to recognize
pathogens. T cells learn to recognize pathogens because
special antigen presenting cells (APCs) gather pieces of
the pathogen and show them to the T cells in a way that
tells the T cells, "Here is what the pathogen looks like —
go get it."
(6º§) Something similar in cancer would be for APCs to
gather up the many antigens that characterize a cancer
cell. That way, instead of T cells being programmed to
attack one or a few antigens, they are trained to
recognize many cancer antigens and are more likely to
wage a multipronged attack on the cancer.
(7º§) Now that researchers have become adept at
transforming one kind of cell into another, Majeti and his
colleagues had a hunch that if they turned cancer cells
into a type of APC called macrophages, they would be
naturally adept at teaching T cells what to attack.
(8º§) "We hypothesized that maybe cancer cells
reprogrammed into macrophage cells could stimulate T
cells because those APCs carry all the antigens of the
cancer cells they came from," said Majeti, who is also the
RZ Cao Professor, assistant director of the Institute for
Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and
director of the Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell
Research and Medicine.
(9º§) The study builds on prior research from the Majeti
lab showing that cells taken from patients with a type of
acute leukemia could be converted into non-leukemic
macrophages with many of the properties of APCs.
(10º§) In the current study, the researchers programmed
mouse leukemia cells so that some of them could be
induced to transform themselves into APCs. When they
tested their cancer vaccine strategy on the mouse
immune system, the mice successfully cleared the
cancer.
(11º§) "When we first saw the data showing clearance of
the leukemia in the mice __ working immune systems, we were blown away," Majeti said. "We couldn't believe it
worked as well as it did."
(12º§) Other experiments showed that the cells created
from cancer cells were indeed acting as
antigen-presenting cells that sensitized T cells to the
cancer. "What's more, we showed that the immune
system remembered what these cells taught them,"
Majeti said. "When we reintroduced cancer to these mice
over 100 days after the initial tumor inoculation, they still
had a strong immunological response that protected
them."
(13º§) "We wondered, If this works with leukemias, will it
also work with solid tumors?" Majeti said. The team
tested the same approach using mouse fibrosarcoma,
breast cancer, and bone cancer. "The transformation of
cancer cells from solid tumors was not as efficient, but we
still observed positive results," Majeti said. With all three
cancers, the creation of tumor-derived APCs led to
significantly improved survival.
(14º§) Lastly, the researchers returned to the original
type of acute leukemia. When the human leukemia
cell-derived APCs were exposed to human T cells from
the same patient, they observed all the signs that would
be expected if the APCs were indeed teaching the T cells
how to attack the leukemia.
(15º§) "We showed that reprogrammed tumor cells could
lead to a durable and systemic attack on the cancer in
mice and a similar response with human patient immune
cells," Majeti said. "In the future we might be able to take
out tumor cells, transform them into APCs and give them
back to patients as a therapeutic cancer vaccine."
(16º§) "Ultimately, we might be able to inject RNA into
patients and transform enough cells to activate the
immune system against cancer without having to take
cells out first," Majeti said. "That's science fiction __ this
point, but that's the direction we are interested in going."
(17º§) The work was supported by funding from the
Ludwig Foundation for Cancer Research, the Emerson
Collective Cancer Research Fund, the New York Stem
Cell Foundation, the Stinehart-Reed Foundation, the
Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, the J. Benjamin
Eckenhoff Fund, the Blavatnik Family Fellowship, the
Deutsche Forschungsgemainshaft, the Knut and Alice
Wallenberg Foundation, the Stanford Human Biology
Research Exploration Program, the National Institutes of
Health (grant F31CA196029), the American Society of
Hematology, the A.P. Giannini Foundation, and the
Stanford Cancer Institute.
(adapted)
med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2023/03/cancer-hematology.html
PROFESSOR INGLÊS - 1 8
Choose the alternative that correctly fills in the blanks of
paragraphs 03, 11 and 16.
Resumos relacionados
Resumo relacionado
Advérbios e conjunções em inglês para concursos públicos
O estudo de advérbios e conjunções na língua inglesa é fundamental para quem deseja se destacar em provas de concursos públicos. Esses elementos desempenham papéis essenciais na construção de frases, influenciando diretamente o sentido e a coesão textual, habilidades bastante exigidas nas questões de interpretação e compreensão de textos em inglês.
Resumo relacionado
Artigos (Articles) em inglês: uso em concursos públicos
Artigos (Articles) são palavras essenciais na gramática da língua inglesa, usadas para indicar se um substantivo está sendo mencionado de forma específica ou geral. Eles desempenham papel fundamental em provas de concursos, pois ajudam na compreensão e interpretação dos textos, além de serem frequentemente cobrados em questões envolvendo uso correto de estruturas gramaticais.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
IDCAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT
Prova:
IDCAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Vila Rica - MT - Professor - Inglês |
Q3456989
Inglês
Texto associado
Stanford Medicine scientists transform cancer cells
into weapons against cancer
March 1, 2023 - By Christopher Vaughan
(1º§) Some cities fight gangs with ex-members who educate kids and starve gangs of new recruits. Stanford
Medicine researchers have done something similar with
cancer — altering cancer cells so that they teach the
body's immune system to fight the very cancer the cells
came from.
(2º§) "This approach could open up an entirely new
therapeutic approach to treating cancer," said Ravi
Majeti, MD, PhD, a professor of hematology and the
study's senior author. The research was published March
1 in Cancer Discovery. The lead author is Miles Linde,
PhD, a former PhD student in immunology who is now at
the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Institute in Seattle.
(3º§) Some of the most promising cancer treatments use
the patient's own immune system to attack the cancer,
often __ taking the brakes off immune responses to
cancer or by teaching the immune system to recognize
and attack the cancer more vigorously. T cells, part of the
immune system that learns to identify and attack new
pathogens such as viruses, can be trained to recognize
specific cancer antigens, which are proteins that
generate an immune response.
(4º§) For instance, in CAR T-cell therapy, T cells are
taken from a patient, programmed to recognize a specific
cancer antigen, then returned to the patient. But there are
many cancer antigens, and physicians sometimes need
to guess which ones will be most potent.
(5º§) A better approach would be to train T cells to
recognize cancer via processes that more closely mimic
the way things naturally occur in the body — like the way
a vaccine teaches the immune system to recognize
pathogens. T cells learn to recognize pathogens because
special antigen presenting cells (APCs) gather pieces of
the pathogen and show them to the T cells in a way that
tells the T cells, "Here is what the pathogen looks like —
go get it."
(6º§) Something similar in cancer would be for APCs to
gather up the many antigens that characterize a cancer
cell. That way, instead of T cells being programmed to
attack one or a few antigens, they are trained to
recognize many cancer antigens and are more likely to
wage a multipronged attack on the cancer.
(7º§) Now that researchers have become adept at
transforming one kind of cell into another, Majeti and his
colleagues had a hunch that if they turned cancer cells
into a type of APC called macrophages, they would be
naturally adept at teaching T cells what to attack.
(8º§) "We hypothesized that maybe cancer cells
reprogrammed into macrophage cells could stimulate T
cells because those APCs carry all the antigens of the
cancer cells they came from," said Majeti, who is also the
RZ Cao Professor, assistant director of the Institute for
Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and
director of the Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell
Research and Medicine.
(9º§) The study builds on prior research from the Majeti
lab showing that cells taken from patients with a type of
acute leukemia could be converted into non-leukemic
macrophages with many of the properties of APCs.
(10º§) In the current study, the researchers programmed
mouse leukemia cells so that some of them could be
induced to transform themselves into APCs. When they
tested their cancer vaccine strategy on the mouse
immune system, the mice successfully cleared the
cancer.
(11º§) "When we first saw the data showing clearance of
the leukemia in the mice __ working immune systems, we were blown away," Majeti said. "We couldn't believe it
worked as well as it did."
(12º§) Other experiments showed that the cells created
from cancer cells were indeed acting as
antigen-presenting cells that sensitized T cells to the
cancer. "What's more, we showed that the immune
system remembered what these cells taught them,"
Majeti said. "When we reintroduced cancer to these mice
over 100 days after the initial tumor inoculation, they still
had a strong immunological response that protected
them."
(13º§) "We wondered, If this works with leukemias, will it
also work with solid tumors?" Majeti said. The team
tested the same approach using mouse fibrosarcoma,
breast cancer, and bone cancer. "The transformation of
cancer cells from solid tumors was not as efficient, but we
still observed positive results," Majeti said. With all three
cancers, the creation of tumor-derived APCs led to
significantly improved survival.
(14º§) Lastly, the researchers returned to the original
type of acute leukemia. When the human leukemia
cell-derived APCs were exposed to human T cells from
the same patient, they observed all the signs that would
be expected if the APCs were indeed teaching the T cells
how to attack the leukemia.
(15º§) "We showed that reprogrammed tumor cells could
lead to a durable and systemic attack on the cancer in
mice and a similar response with human patient immune
cells," Majeti said. "In the future we might be able to take
out tumor cells, transform them into APCs and give them
back to patients as a therapeutic cancer vaccine."
(16º§) "Ultimately, we might be able to inject RNA into
patients and transform enough cells to activate the
immune system against cancer without having to take
cells out first," Majeti said. "That's science fiction __ this
point, but that's the direction we are interested in going."
(17º§) The work was supported by funding from the
Ludwig Foundation for Cancer Research, the Emerson
Collective Cancer Research Fund, the New York Stem
Cell Foundation, the Stinehart-Reed Foundation, the
Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, the J. Benjamin
Eckenhoff Fund, the Blavatnik Family Fellowship, the
Deutsche Forschungsgemainshaft, the Knut and Alice
Wallenberg Foundation, the Stanford Human Biology
Research Exploration Program, the National Institutes of
Health (grant F31CA196029), the American Society of
Hematology, the A.P. Giannini Foundation, and the
Stanford Cancer Institute.
(adapted)
med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2023/03/cancer-hematology.html
PROFESSOR INGLÊS - 1 8
According to the study, how do the transformed cancer
cells contribute to the immune system's response against
cancer?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378340
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
“Due to”, in: “…so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications” can be
replaced by:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378339
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
Among the metaphors used by the author in the passages below, the one which evokes the
concrete domain of “movement up and down” is:
Ano: 2023
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Órgão:
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Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
The connecting word “However”, in ‘However, there were those that did pave the way for
quality education solutions” expresses:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378337
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
The R$30,000 School Management Award was meant to be used for:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378336
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
The underlined words in “Rewarding experience”, “innovative online teaching method”, and
“the newly adopted stimulating methods” are examples of:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378335
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
The main steps followed in the “inverted classroom method” are:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378334
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
It is correct to say that the “inverted classroom method”, described by Isabela Cavassin,
aims, in the overall, at:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378333
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
The rise in the number of dropout students is compared, by the author, to the rise in the
number of:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378332
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
The sudden change in the educational formats is firstly introduced in the text (second
paragraph) as:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378331
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 2
How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil
Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition
JUNE 21, 2021
It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking
the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US
citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or
when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.
While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of
the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll
brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an
academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose,
so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of
future perspective.
Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of
learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.
A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools
and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In
this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by
themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is
discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.
The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a
routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher
assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.
The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were
recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5
schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first
place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.
As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to
another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know
the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be) will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for
education
Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.
The main purpose of Isabela Cavassin’s text is to:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378330
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 1
World Cup 2022: why is Qatar a controversial location for the tournament?
Nov 29, 2022 (Reuters)
The decision to award Qatar hosting rights for the 2022 World Cup has been marred by
controversy around issues such as local climate conditions, human rights violations, and, in
particular, the welfare of migrant workers, since it was first announced 12 years ago.
Local climate conditions and FIFA’s calendar
FIFA awarded the 2022 tournament to the Middle Eastern country in 2010, with the understanding
it would be held during the summer, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees.
In 2015, FIFA recommended that Qatar host a shorter World Cup over the cooler months of
November and December in a move that was sure to put soccer's world governing body on a
collision course with the major European leagues. The big European leagues would prefer an AprilMay option to minimise disruption to their lucrative domestic seasons. But this latter alternative did
not prevail and the schedule change to the northern hemisphere winter marked the first time that
the World Cup moved from its regular slot of June and July when Europe's domestic leagues have
concluded their seasons.
Welfare of migrant workers
Britain’s 7newspaper reported that at least 6,500 migrant workers – many of them working
on World Cup projects – had died in Qatar since it won the right in 2010 to stage the World Cup.
The International Labour Organization has questioned that number, which it said included all
deaths in the overall migrant population, which consists of 2, 9 million people. Qatari World Cup
organisers have said that there have been three work-related fatalities and 34 non-work-related
deaths among workers at World Cup 2022 sites.
Amnesty International and other rights groups have led calls for FIFA to compensate migrant
workers in Qatar for human rights abuses by setting aside $440 million, matching the World Cup
prize money. They believe that their fight for compensation may make up for the abuse suffered by
migrant workers.
Apart from the schedule change and the welfare of migrant workers, violation in women's and
LGBT’s rights, as well as the strict control on alcohol were other issues which nurtured the
controversy around the 2022 Word Cup in Qatar.
Available at : https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-cup-2022-why-is-qatar-controversial-location-fifa-tournament.
Access: 03 Dec. 2022. Adapted.
The pronoun “they”, in “they believe their fight for compensation…” refers to:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378329
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 1
World Cup 2022: why is Qatar a controversial location for the tournament?
Nov 29, 2022 (Reuters)
The decision to award Qatar hosting rights for the 2022 World Cup has been marred by
controversy around issues such as local climate conditions, human rights violations, and, in
particular, the welfare of migrant workers, since it was first announced 12 years ago.
Local climate conditions and FIFA’s calendar
FIFA awarded the 2022 tournament to the Middle Eastern country in 2010, with the understanding
it would be held during the summer, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees.
In 2015, FIFA recommended that Qatar host a shorter World Cup over the cooler months of
November and December in a move that was sure to put soccer's world governing body on a
collision course with the major European leagues. The big European leagues would prefer an AprilMay option to minimise disruption to their lucrative domestic seasons. But this latter alternative did
not prevail and the schedule change to the northern hemisphere winter marked the first time that
the World Cup moved from its regular slot of June and July when Europe's domestic leagues have
concluded their seasons.
Welfare of migrant workers
Britain’s 7newspaper reported that at least 6,500 migrant workers – many of them working
on World Cup projects – had died in Qatar since it won the right in 2010 to stage the World Cup.
The International Labour Organization has questioned that number, which it said included all
deaths in the overall migrant population, which consists of 2, 9 million people. Qatari World Cup
organisers have said that there have been three work-related fatalities and 34 non-work-related
deaths among workers at World Cup 2022 sites.
Amnesty International and other rights groups have led calls for FIFA to compensate migrant
workers in Qatar for human rights abuses by setting aside $440 million, matching the World Cup
prize money. They believe that their fight for compensation may make up for the abuse suffered by
migrant workers.
Apart from the schedule change and the welfare of migrant workers, violation in women's and
LGBT’s rights, as well as the strict control on alcohol were other issues which nurtured the
controversy around the 2022 Word Cup in Qatar.
Available at : https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-cup-2022-why-is-qatar-controversial-location-fifa-tournament.
Access: 03 Dec. 2022. Adapted.
The suffix “er” in the word “cooler”, used in the text, has the same grammatical meaning as
used in the word:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378328
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 1
World Cup 2022: why is Qatar a controversial location for the tournament?
Nov 29, 2022 (Reuters)
The decision to award Qatar hosting rights for the 2022 World Cup has been marred by
controversy around issues such as local climate conditions, human rights violations, and, in
particular, the welfare of migrant workers, since it was first announced 12 years ago.
Local climate conditions and FIFA’s calendar
FIFA awarded the 2022 tournament to the Middle Eastern country in 2010, with the understanding
it would be held during the summer, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees.
In 2015, FIFA recommended that Qatar host a shorter World Cup over the cooler months of
November and December in a move that was sure to put soccer's world governing body on a
collision course with the major European leagues. The big European leagues would prefer an AprilMay option to minimise disruption to their lucrative domestic seasons. But this latter alternative did
not prevail and the schedule change to the northern hemisphere winter marked the first time that
the World Cup moved from its regular slot of June and July when Europe's domestic leagues have
concluded their seasons.
Welfare of migrant workers
Britain’s 7newspaper reported that at least 6,500 migrant workers – many of them working
on World Cup projects – had died in Qatar since it won the right in 2010 to stage the World Cup.
The International Labour Organization has questioned that number, which it said included all
deaths in the overall migrant population, which consists of 2, 9 million people. Qatari World Cup
organisers have said that there have been three work-related fatalities and 34 non-work-related
deaths among workers at World Cup 2022 sites.
Amnesty International and other rights groups have led calls for FIFA to compensate migrant
workers in Qatar for human rights abuses by setting aside $440 million, matching the World Cup
prize money. They believe that their fight for compensation may make up for the abuse suffered by
migrant workers.
Apart from the schedule change and the welfare of migrant workers, violation in women's and
LGBT’s rights, as well as the strict control on alcohol were other issues which nurtured the
controversy around the 2022 Word Cup in Qatar.
Available at : https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-cup-2022-why-is-qatar-controversial-location-fifa-tournament.
Access: 03 Dec. 2022. Adapted.
In the fragment “the first time that the World Cup moved from its regular slot of June and July
when Europe's domestic leagues have concluded their seasons”, the underlined verbal phrase
implies that Europe's domestic leagues:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378327
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 1
World Cup 2022: why is Qatar a controversial location for the tournament?
Nov 29, 2022 (Reuters)
The decision to award Qatar hosting rights for the 2022 World Cup has been marred by
controversy around issues such as local climate conditions, human rights violations, and, in
particular, the welfare of migrant workers, since it was first announced 12 years ago.
Local climate conditions and FIFA’s calendar
FIFA awarded the 2022 tournament to the Middle Eastern country in 2010, with the understanding
it would be held during the summer, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees.
In 2015, FIFA recommended that Qatar host a shorter World Cup over the cooler months of
November and December in a move that was sure to put soccer's world governing body on a
collision course with the major European leagues. The big European leagues would prefer an AprilMay option to minimise disruption to their lucrative domestic seasons. But this latter alternative did
not prevail and the schedule change to the northern hemisphere winter marked the first time that
the World Cup moved from its regular slot of June and July when Europe's domestic leagues have
concluded their seasons.
Welfare of migrant workers
Britain’s 7newspaper reported that at least 6,500 migrant workers – many of them working
on World Cup projects – had died in Qatar since it won the right in 2010 to stage the World Cup.
The International Labour Organization has questioned that number, which it said included all
deaths in the overall migrant population, which consists of 2, 9 million people. Qatari World Cup
organisers have said that there have been three work-related fatalities and 34 non-work-related
deaths among workers at World Cup 2022 sites.
Amnesty International and other rights groups have led calls for FIFA to compensate migrant
workers in Qatar for human rights abuses by setting aside $440 million, matching the World Cup
prize money. They believe that their fight for compensation may make up for the abuse suffered by
migrant workers.
Apart from the schedule change and the welfare of migrant workers, violation in women's and
LGBT’s rights, as well as the strict control on alcohol were other issues which nurtured the
controversy around the 2022 Word Cup in Qatar.
Available at : https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-cup-2022-why-is-qatar-controversial-location-fifa-tournament.
Access: 03 Dec. 2022. Adapted.
$440 million is the amount:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378326
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 1
World Cup 2022: why is Qatar a controversial location for the tournament?
Nov 29, 2022 (Reuters)
The decision to award Qatar hosting rights for the 2022 World Cup has been marred by
controversy around issues such as local climate conditions, human rights violations, and, in
particular, the welfare of migrant workers, since it was first announced 12 years ago.
Local climate conditions and FIFA’s calendar
FIFA awarded the 2022 tournament to the Middle Eastern country in 2010, with the understanding
it would be held during the summer, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees.
In 2015, FIFA recommended that Qatar host a shorter World Cup over the cooler months of
November and December in a move that was sure to put soccer's world governing body on a
collision course with the major European leagues. The big European leagues would prefer an AprilMay option to minimise disruption to their lucrative domestic seasons. But this latter alternative did
not prevail and the schedule change to the northern hemisphere winter marked the first time that
the World Cup moved from its regular slot of June and July when Europe's domestic leagues have
concluded their seasons.
Welfare of migrant workers
Britain’s 7newspaper reported that at least 6,500 migrant workers – many of them working
on World Cup projects – had died in Qatar since it won the right in 2010 to stage the World Cup.
The International Labour Organization has questioned that number, which it said included all
deaths in the overall migrant population, which consists of 2, 9 million people. Qatari World Cup
organisers have said that there have been three work-related fatalities and 34 non-work-related
deaths among workers at World Cup 2022 sites.
Amnesty International and other rights groups have led calls for FIFA to compensate migrant
workers in Qatar for human rights abuses by setting aside $440 million, matching the World Cup
prize money. They believe that their fight for compensation may make up for the abuse suffered by
migrant workers.
Apart from the schedule change and the welfare of migrant workers, violation in women's and
LGBT’s rights, as well as the strict control on alcohol were other issues which nurtured the
controversy around the 2022 Word Cup in Qatar.
Available at : https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-cup-2022-why-is-qatar-controversial-location-fifa-tournament.
Access: 03 Dec. 2022. Adapted.
The only alternative which contains a true statement is:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
COSEAC
Órgão:
UFF
Prova:
COSEAC - 2023 - UFF - Transferência Facultativa - Tópicos de Ensino Superior - Inglês |
Q3378325
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT 1
World Cup 2022: why is Qatar a controversial location for the tournament?
Nov 29, 2022 (Reuters)
The decision to award Qatar hosting rights for the 2022 World Cup has been marred by
controversy around issues such as local climate conditions, human rights violations, and, in
particular, the welfare of migrant workers, since it was first announced 12 years ago.
Local climate conditions and FIFA’s calendar
FIFA awarded the 2022 tournament to the Middle Eastern country in 2010, with the understanding
it would be held during the summer, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees.
In 2015, FIFA recommended that Qatar host a shorter World Cup over the cooler months of
November and December in a move that was sure to put soccer's world governing body on a
collision course with the major European leagues. The big European leagues would prefer an AprilMay option to minimise disruption to their lucrative domestic seasons. But this latter alternative did
not prevail and the schedule change to the northern hemisphere winter marked the first time that
the World Cup moved from its regular slot of June and July when Europe's domestic leagues have
concluded their seasons.
Welfare of migrant workers
Britain’s 7newspaper reported that at least 6,500 migrant workers – many of them working
on World Cup projects – had died in Qatar since it won the right in 2010 to stage the World Cup.
The International Labour Organization has questioned that number, which it said included all
deaths in the overall migrant population, which consists of 2, 9 million people. Qatari World Cup
organisers have said that there have been three work-related fatalities and 34 non-work-related
deaths among workers at World Cup 2022 sites.
Amnesty International and other rights groups have led calls for FIFA to compensate migrant
workers in Qatar for human rights abuses by setting aside $440 million, matching the World Cup
prize money. They believe that their fight for compensation may make up for the abuse suffered by
migrant workers.
Apart from the schedule change and the welfare of migrant workers, violation in women's and
LGBT’s rights, as well as the strict control on alcohol were other issues which nurtured the
controversy around the 2022 Word Cup in Qatar.
Available at : https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-cup-2022-why-is-qatar-controversial-location-fifa-tournament.
Access: 03 Dec. 2022. Adapted.
2.9 million is the number of:
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