Based on the Approaches and Methods in English Language Teaching, mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F).

( ) Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is an approach with a theoretical underpinning that a language is for communication.

( ) The Audiolingual Approach is based on a structuralist view of language and draws on the psychology of behaviourism as the basis of its learning theory, employing stimulus and response.

( ) The Lexical Approach is an approach based on the notion that language comprises lexical units (chunks, collocations, and fixed phrases). Grammar is secondary and is acquired through learning these chunks.

( ) The Grammar Translation sees the process of learning a second language as a cognitive task, with learners as intelligent autonomous individuals, who can infer language use from well-structured input.

The statements are, respectively:

Concerning the Future Perfect Continuous, analyze the following items.

I. We use will/shall + have + been + the -ing form of the verb.

II. We use shall only for future time reference with I and we.

III. Shall is more informal and less common than will.

IV. We use the future perfect continuous form when we are looking back to the past from a point in the future and we want to emphasise the length or duration of na activity or event.

Choose the correct answer: 

Analyze the underlined sentences:

I. “Scientists have delivered a final warning on the climate crisis, as rising greenhouse gas emissions push the world to the brink of irrevocable damage that only swift and drastic action can avert.”

II. “The comprehensive review of human knowledge of the climate crisis took hundreds of scientists eight years to compile and runs to thousands of pages, but boiled down to one message: act now, or it will be too late.”

Analyze the sentences of text 1:

I. “Romanticism emphasized the individual, the subjective, the irrational, the imaginative, the personal, the spontaneous, the emotional, the visionary, and the transcendental”.

II. “A discussion of the key events and personalities of the late 18th- and early 19th-century Romantic movement in literature, music, and art. It contains dialogue based on letters and documents of the period”.

III.”Among the characteristic attitudes of Romanticism were the following: a deepened appreciation of the beauties of nature; a general exaltation of emotion over reason and of the senses over intellect”. 

Leia o seguinte texto na língua inglesa.

Explicit Versus Implicit Knowledge

When you are representing knowledge to be used to solve certain problems, you must constantly decide how implicit or explicit to make the knowledge. In conventional programming, the knowledge that is incorporate in a program is nearly always completely implicit. It does not really exist as knowledge in the program other than as knowledge the programmer uses to design its functioning. In AI paradigms such as rule-based programming, the attempt is to make knowledge explicit as general rules so that this knowledge can be applied to new situations that the developer may not have foreseen.

(Object-Oriented Programming for Artificial Intelligence, Ernest R. Tello, Addison Wesley Publishing Company Inc., 1990)

Com base no texto apresentado, em paradigmas de IA (como a baseada em regras), a tentativa é transformar o conhecimento explícito em regras gerais para que esse conhecimento possa ser aplicado a novas situações

Leia o texto a seguir, na língua inglesa, a respeito da tarefa de instalação de impressora no Windows.

Install a printer in Windows 11

When you connect a printer or scanner to your PC or add a new printer or all-in-one device to your home network, you can usually start printing right away. Windows 11 supports most printers, so you probably won´t have to install special printer software. Additional printer drivers and support might be available if you update Windows.

(https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/, acessado em 06.05.2024)

De acordo com o texto, caso o Windows 11 seja atualizado,