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Education
Education encompasses both the teaching and learning of knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency. It thus focuses on the cultivation of skills, trades or professions, as well as mental, moral & aesthetic development.
Formal education consists of systematic instruction, teaching and training by professional teachers. This consists of the application of pedagogy and the development of curricula.
The right to education is a fundamental human right. Since 1952, Article 2 of the first Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights obliges all signatory parties to guarantee the right to education. At world level, the United Nations’ International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966 guarantees this right under its Article 13.
Educational systems are established to provide education and training, often for children and the young. A curriculum defines what students should know, understand and be able to do as the result of education. A teaching profession delivers teaching which enables learning, and a system of policies, regulations, examinations, structures and funding enables teachers to teach to the best of their abilities.
Primary (or elementary) education consists of the first
years of formal, structured education. In general, primary education consists of six or seven years of schooling starting at the age of 5 or 6, although this varies
between, and sometimes within, countries. Globally,
around 70% of primary-age children are enrolled in
primary education, and this proportion is rising.
In most contemporary educational systems of the world, secondary education consists of the second years of formal education that occur during adolescence. It is characterized by transition from the typically compulsory, comprehensive primary education for minors, to the optional, selective tertiary, “post-secondary”, or “higher” education (e.g., university, vocational school) for adults.
Higher education, also called tertiary, third stage, or
post secondary education, is the non-compulsory
educational level that follows the completion of a
school providing a secondary education, such as a
high school or secondary school. Tertiary education is
normally taken to include undergraduate and postgraduate education, as well as vocational education and
training. Colleges and universities are the main institutions that provide tertiary education. Collectively,
these are sometimes known as tertiary institutions.
Tertiary education generally results in the receipt of
certificates, diplomas, or academic degrees.
’Globally, around 70% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education, and this proportion is rising.’
the underlined words are, respectively:
Instruction: answer question based on the following text.
(Avalaible in: https://apps.kodakmoments.com/top-10-tips-for-great-pictures/ – text especially adapted for this
test)
Instruction: answer question based on the following text.
(Avalaible in: https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#more-2382 –
text especially adapted for this test).
I. “More recently than” is a superlative structure with an adverb.
II. If “more recently than” were substituted by “not as recently as,” without altering the order of any other word in the sentence, there would be no changes in meaning.
III. If “than did bad” were removed from the sentence, it would still be grammatically correct.
Which statements are correct?
I. I met someone who said he knew you;
II. The noise that hem ade woke everybody up.
III. I saw something in the paper which would interest you.
Assinale a alternativa que classifica as palavras em destaque:
I. In S1, the word “number” is a noun. II. In S2, the word “how” is an adverb. III. S1 is written in active voice, and S2 is written in passive voice.
Which statements are correct?
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Pensioners face £1,000 fine if they don't get TV licence this week
1º§ The BBC confirmed it will start to charge everyone for the licence from August 1, so you only have until Saturday before the change comes in. Anybody who watches live telly has to pay for a licence. Brits over the age of 75 used to get free TV licences, but the benefit was axed last year - unless you claim pension credit.
2º§ The government stopped funding the free licences for over-75s in 2015, handing the responsibility over to the BBC. But the BBC last year announced it would also pull the plug on the initiative to save cash.
3º§ There was a transition period set up because of the coronavirus crisis, which meant anyone who couldn't afford a TV licence wouldn't be fined. But that all comes to an end this weekend, and anyone without a licence that needs one after the end date of July 31 will face the fine.
4º§ The BBC has said that more than nine in 10 over-75s households have already made arrangements for a paid licence, or updated changes in their circumstances to entitle them to a free one. In its latest update on the changes, the broadcasting house said it would otherwise write to the remaining 260,000 customers who hadn't yet made arrangements. Over 2,838,000 people now have a paid-for licence.
5º§ Since the over-75s have been forced to pay the annual fee, the BBC has reportedly raked in an extra £250million in licence fees, and this will only go up with the end of the grace period looming. You'll want to make sure to get a licence before the deadline or risk paying the hefty fine. 6º§ You need a TV licence to watch or record live programmes on any channel in the UK, or if you're watching something live on a streaming service too.
7º§ If you're using those services but you don't pay the fee then you could face prosecution plus a fine of up to £1,000. To get one, it's going to cost you £159 for a standard colour TV licence, otherwise it's £53.50 for a black and white one.
8º§ You don't have to pay for the licence if you're over 75 and on Pension Credit though, but you'll need to apply for a free licence on the TV licensing website or call 0300 790 6117.
9º§ You can apply for a TV licence online or by calling 0300 790 6165. The fee you pay will last you a whole year and starts from the day that you buy it.
10º§ You'll want to make a note of when this is so you know when to renew it next year too - after 12 months you'll have to pay the £159 (or £53.50) all over again.
11º§ You'll only need one per household and it doesn't matter how many people live with you. But if you or someone you live with is blind or severely sight-impaired, you can get 50% off the fee.
12º§ If you live in a residential care home or sheltered accommodation, you may be able to apply for a reduced licence which will normally cost you £7.50 instead. Plus if you're a student you don't have to pay yourself as you can be covered by your parents licence despite living away from home, but you can't watch something plugged into the mains in this case.
source(adapted):https://www.thesun.co.uk/money/15704333/pensioners-face-fine-for-no-tv-licence-this-week/
(Adapted):https://www.thesun.co.uk/money/15704333/pensioners-face-fine-for-no-tv-licence-this-week/
Consider the §12 and the following assertives:
I.The "residential care home" could be translated as "casa de repouso".
II.In the context of the sentence in the paragraph, the word "cost" is an adverb.
III.The word "apply" could be replaced by "request".
Which one(s) is(are) CORRECT?
Concerning the text above, judge the item below.
The word “likely” (ℓ.14) conveys the idea of probability.
Disponível em >https://www.instagram.com/funny.english.memes/?hl=pt-br 
Stanzel, V. New Realities in Foreign Affairs: Diplomacy in the 21st Century.
SWP Research Paper 2018, RP 11, November 2018,with adaptations.
Considering the vocabulary of the text, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).
In line 5, the expression “by and large” could be
replaced with partially without changing the meaning
of the sentence.
(Avaliable in: https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/blog/12-tips-for-teaching-an-online-english-class/ – text adapted specially for this test).
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