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Q3028598 Inglês
Text I: 'Quiet quitting' isn't really quitting


    Clocking out at 5 p.m. on the dot, only doing your assigned daily tasks, limiting chats with colleagues and not working overtime. These are the distinctive features of "quiet quitting," a term coined to describe how people are approaching their jobs and professional lives differently to manage burnout.

    The phrase, which isn't actually intended to lead to a resignation, exploded into the popular lexicon in 2022 when a TikTok video went viral. The creator, Zaid Khan, said in the video "I recently learned about this term 'quiet quitting,' where you're not outright quitting your job, but you're quitting the idea of going above and beyond." Nonetheless, “quiet quitting” is a misnomer, at least according to Karen K. Ho, a freelance business and culture reporter. She said that the term doesn't account for the fact that people are watching their grocery bills, fuel costs and housing prices go up, often without so much as a salary increase. "You're literally stagnating as a result of not earning more, not being promoted – and that's why a lot of people are leaving jobs," she completed.

   While the words "quiet quitting" are loaded, evoking images of a slacker or ne'er-do-well for some, others say that the approach frees up time to spend with family and friends or to take care of oneself. In short, it's a renewed commitment to life beyond the workplace. On the other hand, the term “quiet quitting” has also received criticism, even from those who generally favor the idea behind it.

   However, while the term "quiet quitting" may be a new invention, the mentality behind it is not. The phrase "work to rule," for example, describes a labor action in which employees strictly perform the work laid out in their contract, without taking on additional work. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a major economic movement, The Great Resignation, which saw people leaving their jobs or switching professions in droves, as they re-evaluated their relationship with work during a lifechanging health crisis.

  A May 2022 survey by RBC Insurance suggested that more than one-third of recently retired Canadians aged 55-75 had retired sooner than they planned. Another third decided to retire sooner because of the pandemic. Moreover, Statistics Canada reported that the third quarter of 2021 saw a 60% increase in job vacancies compared to pre-pandemic levels in the country.

    Both Quiet Quitting and The Great Resignation indicate a marked cultural shift from the early and mid-2010s when "hustle culture" paved the way to "grinding" and "girl-bossing" – two ideas that prioritized work over everything else, with the belief that such effort made employees more desirable to managers, therefore helping them climb up the corporate ladder faster and generating more income.

    In addition, it is important to highlight that employees have been re-evaluating how much time they spend commuting, working overtime and generally investing in low-pay, low-reward jobs. It seems they have realized that they work in systems where they are constantly immersed in a hustle culture – which has been repeatedly shown to be only beneficial for corporations and their managers, through bonuses, through increased productivity, through increased revenue and profits and the like.

    Furthermore, some employees are advocating for policies, benefits and working conditions that strengthen work-life balance. But critics say it doesn't work as well as it should, with a glaring loophole that allows employers to take advantage by vaguely wording their policies.


Adapted from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/quiet-quitting-workerdisengagement-1.6560226 Last Updated: August 25, 2022
Which of the sentences below is in the passive voice?
Alternativas
Q2972234 Inglês

Google as well as Yahoo, Microsoft and AOL among

others are gearing up to keep a much closer eye on all of us,

so that within five years these and other firms will routinely

track our movements, friends, interests, purchases and

5 correspondence – then make money by helping marketers

take advantage of the information.

These companies' brash plans are pushing us toward a

thorny choice that will determine the future of computing.

Google and other Web-oriented, information-service giants are

10 determined to build a breathtaking array of services based on

your personal information, and they're betting you'll be willing

to share it with them in order for you to reap the benefits. But

if we cooperate and let them in on the details of our lives, we'll

lose much of our privacy, and possibly a lot more.

15 A privacy backlash, however, would stifle these potentially

revolutionary services before they get off the ground – and

leave the computer industry's biggest plans for growth in

tatters. That may be just what some people want. The U.S.

Congress is considering four bills that would make it illegal to

20 collect and share information online or through cell phones

about people without clearer warning and permission. These

sorts of restrictions are already in effect throughout much of

Europe, thanks in part to European Union directives on privacy

and electronic communications passed in 2002 and 2003.

25 The good news is that there's no reason to choose

between technology and privacy. New technologies are

emerging that can doctor our data so that companies know

just enough about us to ply us with customized services, while

preventing them from getting a clear picture of our private

lives. The question is again one of trust: in this case, whether

people will come to trust the companies that are trying to build

these new technologies.

(abridged from Next Frontiers in Newsweek, April 3, 2006)

Mark the one item which contains the best passive alternative for we'll lose much of our privacy (lines 13-14):

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Q2688431 Inglês

Instruction: Answer questions 41 to 53 based on the following text.


Why Learning Is A New Procrastination


  1. The tremendous world of online courses, blogs, social media, free eBooks, podcasts, and
  2. webinars provides the best ever opportunity to broaden your knowledge in almost every sphere
  3. you can imagine. Thanks to technological advancement and the instant access to the internet,
  4. everyone can now study from home. It seems like it would be foolishly not to seize this
  5. opportunity and improve your skills and knowledge. Moreover, you are kind of forced to do so
  6. since the contemporary world has raised the bar higher than ever before. It literally invited you
  7. to gather the pace and ___________ even more.
  8. It is not surprising that, ultimately, you try to be everywhere and do everything. No doubt,
  9. you do your best to constantly gather tiny bits of information from as many channels as
  10. possible, because you are afraid that you will fall behind if you stop. After all, you enter a
  11. learning crunch mode. You do not afford to miss anything and try to read every book you could
  12. get your hands on. You listen to every single podcast your smartphone could download and take
  13. every online course your paycheck would allow to take.
  14. All in all, you learn. As much as possible. As intense as you manage to. You learn how to
  15. write and publish a new book. You learn how to launch a successful blog. You learn how to hit
  16. your goal on Kickstarter. You learn how to build the next “unicorn”. You learn how to land a job
  17. of your dream. You learn how to successfully sell thousands of items on Amazon. You learn how
  18. to make millions of dollars in passive income.
  19. However, the problem is that you do everything except taking action. All those activities do
  20. not take you closer to the things you want to accomplish. Better knowledge does not make you
  21. more influential, powerful, and successful unless you apply it. The key secret to success is not
  22. ________ expertise, but the ability to use it.
  23. Knowledge is worthless unless it is applied. Needless to say that studying is crucial.
  24. However, the thing is that it should take the entirely new form now. You should stop learning
  25. from someone else’s experiences, knowledge, failures, and wins and start learning from your
  26. own mistakes, adventures, ___________, and bold actions.
  27. Learning has become a major trend of the 21st century. Sadly, it has also become a new
  28. form of procrastination. You consciously postpone the first step justifying this by your eagerness
  29. to broaden the knowledge and learn new things. You put the start date off justifying this by
  30. your desire to pick up new skills that would help you succeed faster. You procrastinate over
  31. chasing your own aspirations because doing the things on your own and creating your own story
  32. of success is far more complicated than reading about someone else’s one. Meanwhile, no one
  33. would really reproach you for wasting your time. Also, you feel comfortable about staying within
  34. this zone of ease and convenience forever.
  35. However, the point is that you already have and know everything you need to start off. In
  36. fact, there is nothing more you need to learn in order to take the first step. Embrace the truth.
  37. No matter how good your theoretical knowledge is, you will face a lot of obstacles while
  38. applying it. You will have to deal with issues that have never been described or covered in any
  39. book. You will have to look for the solutions and make the spontaneous decisions that no one
  40. probably has ever thought of. You will have to design your own road to success.
  41. Transform your learning process from the continuous the procrastination into an
  42. unstoppable process of absorbing invaluable expertise based on your own experience. It might
  43. seem counterintuitive, but the old-fashioned way of learning is what holds you back. This is
  44. what makes your triumphs suck.
  45. Constant learning, evaluating of ideas, thinking, and visualizing your journey towards your
  46. major aspirations will not take you far from the place you are now. Actions will. You can sit and
  47. research, and research, and research, while someone else is already reaping huge rewards for
  48. his or her fruitful and hard work. Stop learning now. Become bold enough to take the first step
  49. and start learning from your own experience.


Source: https://medium.com/the-coffeelicious/why-learning-is-a-new-procrastination-104b53107e8b

Consider the following extract from the text and the sentences that follow:


“You will have to deal with issues that have never been described or covered in any book. You will have to look for the solutions and make the spontaneous decisions that no one probably has ever thought of.”


I. ‘have never been described’ is in the past perfect.

II. ‘will have to look for’ is in the future perfect.

III. ‘has ever thought of’ is in the passive voice.


Which ones are INCORRECT?

Alternativas
Q2579256 Inglês

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 1 a 9.


Valdivia Figurines and the appeal of 'the oldest'


(1º§) The logo for the Ecuadorian Ministry of Culture website is about my favourite thing of the afternoon which is saying a lot since I spent much of the day reading about giant Olmec heads. Three Valdivia Figurines in the colours of the Ecuadorian flag? I am sold! Golly, I love Valdivia figurines for all the right and all the wrong reasons.

(2º§) There are two things that can easily be said about Valdivia figurines: they are VERY Ecuadorian and they are VERY looted. The first explains why they appear prominently on the Ministry of Culture website (and on stencilled graffiti around Quito circa 2007). Ancient Ecuador has played second fiddle to Ancient Peru since the early days of archaeology. The Valdivia culture, however, represents something that Peru doesn't have, 'the oldest'. Everyone loves 'the oldest', national pride, etc. etc.

(3º§) Who else loves 'the oldest'? Collectors and Museums. If the Valdivia pottery sequence is the oldest in the new world, collectors want a slice of that pie. Heck, even better than some junky pottery, the Valdivia made interesting figurines: lovely ladies that look good on stark black backgrounds in auction catalogues. They are part of 'the oldest' yet they also look good.

(4º§) Valdivia sites are famously looted and Valdivia figurines are famously faked. A few years back I started doing some initial work into looting in Ecuador (which led to fieldwork in Quito and the cloud forest that didn't really go anywhere as of yet) and I, like anyone else going down that road, came across Bruhns and Hammond's 1983 Journal of Field Archaeology piece 'A Visit to Valdivia'. Knowing nothing at all about Ecuador at the time, I had never heard of Valdivia, a wonder since the only Ecuadorian archaeology books that Cambridge owns are a few by the late Betty Meggars and Emilio Estrada from the 1950s and 1960s which link uber-ancient Ecuador to Jomon Period Japan (yeah...I know). As Bruhns and Hammond relate, Meggars detected faking at Valdivia immediately after the start of her excavations: practical jokers who discovered a market for their copies. As the market for the pieces grew, the presumed fakes get more and more elaborate and fanciful...and Valdivia sites were just looted to pieces.

(5º§) So really with Valdivia we are left with a situation where we don't know what is real. It is directly comparable to the Cycladic Figurine problem: the corpus is mostly looted, it contains tons of forms not found in the limited archaeological excavations that have been conducted, and we intellectual consumers of artefacts don't know what to believe. To me Valdivia figurines are the perfect looting Catch 22: they warrant study so that the interested public can learn about 'the oldest', but they can't be studied because collectors wanted 'the oldest' so sites were looted and buckets of fakes were produced.

(6º§) In 2007 I bought a fake Valdivia figurine in Otavalo which now stands in a Spondylus shell on my counter and watches me cook. The fella selling it to me told me it was real. I knew it wasn't but made to put it back saying something along the lines that law breaking makes me sick. He quickly agreed that it wasn't real and cut his asking price by a ton. Que Sera. Three cheers, Ecuadorian Ministry of Culture, your logo is the best.


https://www.anonymousswisscollector.com/2012/09/valdivia-figurines-a

nd-appeal-of-oldest.html

Which sentence in the text contains a passive construction?

Alternativas
Q2574477 Inglês
Julgue o item a seguir.

O "said" e o "told" são formas no passado que utilizamos no discurso indireto. Ambos significam "disse", e são utilizados nas mesmas situações.
Alternativas
Respostas
1: B
2: B
3: E
4: D
5: E