Questões de Concurso Sobre inglês
Foram encontradas 25.503 questões
Ano: 2025
Banca:
EVO Concursos
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Santa Rita de Ibitipoca - MG
Prova:
EVO Concursos - 2025 - Prefeitura de Santa Rita de Ibitipoca - MG - Professor II - Inglês |
Q3398365
Inglês
Assinale a alternativa correta que representa
em Português a tradução de “Straighten”:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
EVO Concursos
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Santa Rita de Ibitipoca - MG
Prova:
EVO Concursos - 2025 - Prefeitura de Santa Rita de Ibitipoca - MG - Professor II - Inglês |
Q3398364
Inglês
Assinale a alternativa correta que representa
em Português a tradução de “Queue”:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
EVO Concursos
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Santa Rita de Ibitipoca - MG
Prova:
EVO Concursos - 2025 - Prefeitura de Santa Rita de Ibitipoca - MG - Professor II - Inglês |
Q3398363
Inglês
Assinale a alternativa correta que representa
em Português a tradução de “Jitter”:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393789
Inglês
Read the following suggestion:
Maintaining good eye contact can show you’re engaged and actively listening to what someone is telling you. However, if you stare too intensely, it can have the opposite effect by making the other person feel too targeted. Pay attention to their response to determine if they feel comfortable.
(Disponível em: https://www.indeed.com)
The suggestion reveals a kind of cultural manifestation consistent with
Maintaining good eye contact can show you’re engaged and actively listening to what someone is telling you. However, if you stare too intensely, it can have the opposite effect by making the other person feel too targeted. Pay attention to their response to determine if they feel comfortable.
(Disponível em: https://www.indeed.com)
The suggestion reveals a kind of cultural manifestation consistent with
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393788
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
In language teaching and research on language,
the term culture includes many different definitions and
considerations that deal with forms of speech acts, rhetorical
structure of texts, socio-cultural behaviors, and ways in which
knowledge is transmitted and obtained. Culture may find its
manifestations in body language, gestures, concepts of time,
hospitality customs, and even expressions of friendliness.
While all these certainly reflect the cultural norms accepted
in a particular society, the influence of culture on language
use and on the concepts of how language can be taught and
learned is both broader and deeper. To a great extent, the
culture into which one is socialized defines how an individual
sees his or her place in society.
Although attaining linguistic proficiency is essential
for learners to be considered communicatively competent,
particularly in the case of ESL learners, this is not sufficient. On
the whole, to become proficient and effective communicators,
learners need to attain second language (L2) sociocultural
competence. Knowing how to say thank you, for example,
does not automatically confer the knowledge of when to say
thank you, how often to say thank you, and whether any
additional action is called for. Quite reasonably, learners
first apply the standards that exist in the first language (L1)
communities where they were socialized.
(Marianne Celce-Murcia, Teaching English as a second or foreign language.
Adaptado)
Com relação à competência sociocultural, um exemplo
de uso adequado da língua inglesa está em
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393787
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
In language teaching and research on language,
the term culture includes many different definitions and
considerations that deal with forms of speech acts, rhetorical
structure of texts, socio-cultural behaviors, and ways in which
knowledge is transmitted and obtained. Culture may find its
manifestations in body language, gestures, concepts of time,
hospitality customs, and even expressions of friendliness.
While all these certainly reflect the cultural norms accepted
in a particular society, the influence of culture on language
use and on the concepts of how language can be taught and
learned is both broader and deeper. To a great extent, the
culture into which one is socialized defines how an individual
sees his or her place in society.
Although attaining linguistic proficiency is essential
for learners to be considered communicatively competent,
particularly in the case of ESL learners, this is not sufficient. On
the whole, to become proficient and effective communicators,
learners need to attain second language (L2) sociocultural
competence. Knowing how to say thank you, for example,
does not automatically confer the knowledge of when to say
thank you, how often to say thank you, and whether any
additional action is called for. Quite reasonably, learners
first apply the standards that exist in the first language (L1)
communities where they were socialized.
(Marianne Celce-Murcia, Teaching English as a second or foreign language.
Adaptado)
In the excerpt from the second paragraph “To a great
extent, the culture into which one is socialized defines
how an individual sees his or her place in society”, the
expression in bold may be substituted, with no change in
meaning, by
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393786
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
In language teaching and research on language,
the term culture includes many different definitions and
considerations that deal with forms of speech acts, rhetorical
structure of texts, socio-cultural behaviors, and ways in which
knowledge is transmitted and obtained. Culture may find its
manifestations in body language, gestures, concepts of time,
hospitality customs, and even expressions of friendliness.
While all these certainly reflect the cultural norms accepted
in a particular society, the influence of culture on language
use and on the concepts of how language can be taught and
learned is both broader and deeper. To a great extent, the
culture into which one is socialized defines how an individual
sees his or her place in society.
Although attaining linguistic proficiency is essential
for learners to be considered communicatively competent,
particularly in the case of ESL learners, this is not sufficient. On
the whole, to become proficient and effective communicators,
learners need to attain second language (L2) sociocultural
competence. Knowing how to say thank you, for example,
does not automatically confer the knowledge of when to say
thank you, how often to say thank you, and whether any
additional action is called for. Quite reasonably, learners
first apply the standards that exist in the first language (L1)
communities where they were socialized.
(Marianne Celce-Murcia, Teaching English as a second or foreign language.
Adaptado)
The content of the text allows for the following statement
about the teaching of L2:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393785
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
The Missing Ingredient in Education? Curiosity.
It’s easy to forget how important individual passion is in
education; too often it can feel like it’s a game of just painting
by the numbers. But if we all think about it for a moment,
isn’t learning actually meant to be a joyous experience? If
you think about your own life, haven’t you had an afternoon
fly past because you’ve been gripped by a certain task, a
particular lesson, a specific train of thought? School education
is no different. If we make room for young people’s individual
curiosities, notice and nurture them, we can make learning a
natural experience.
Once we find that individual spark in a child, in many
ways, the hard part is over. They can lead the way with their
learning and they don’t have to be coaxed into it. Curiosity can
be utilized through inquiry-based learning and schools all over
the world are already making the most of this type of learning.
For instance, children are driven to the museums where
they are engaged in stories, games and activities. To develop
curiosity, children identify an exhibit on a particular topic and
are encouraged to ask questions about the exhibits to fill in
the gaps in their own knowledge. Along with utilizing manmade resources such as museums, nature itself has an
important part to play in inquiry-based learning. The world is
full of natural wonders which can spark curiosity in children.
Not only is identifying and encouraging curiosity pivotal
in a child’s educational career, but it will be useful for them in
the working world too. By instilling these behaviours early on
we can help kids to become lifelong learners, which they will
need to be, as single-track careers become an antiquated idea
and we’ll potentially find ourselves working several different
careers within our lifetime. Curiosity may have killed the cat in
decades past, but it could be the key to a more stable future
for the next generation.
(Josephine Lister. Disponível em: https://hundred.org. Adaptado)
The citation that is the closest match to the main point in
the text is
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393783
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
The Missing Ingredient in Education? Curiosity.
It’s easy to forget how important individual passion is in
education; too often it can feel like it’s a game of just painting
by the numbers. But if we all think about it for a moment,
isn’t learning actually meant to be a joyous experience? If
you think about your own life, haven’t you had an afternoon
fly past because you’ve been gripped by a certain task, a
particular lesson, a specific train of thought? School education
is no different. If we make room for young people’s individual
curiosities, notice and nurture them, we can make learning a
natural experience.
Once we find that individual spark in a child, in many
ways, the hard part is over. They can lead the way with their
learning and they don’t have to be coaxed into it. Curiosity can
be utilized through inquiry-based learning and schools all over
the world are already making the most of this type of learning.
For instance, children are driven to the museums where
they are engaged in stories, games and activities. To develop
curiosity, children identify an exhibit on a particular topic and
are encouraged to ask questions about the exhibits to fill in
the gaps in their own knowledge. Along with utilizing manmade resources such as museums, nature itself has an
important part to play in inquiry-based learning. The world is
full of natural wonders which can spark curiosity in children.
Not only is identifying and encouraging curiosity pivotal
in a child’s educational career, but it will be useful for them in
the working world too. By instilling these behaviours early on
we can help kids to become lifelong learners, which they will
need to be, as single-track careers become an antiquated idea
and we’ll potentially find ourselves working several different
careers within our lifetime. Curiosity may have killed the cat in
decades past, but it could be the key to a more stable future
for the next generation.
(Josephine Lister. Disponível em: https://hundred.org. Adaptado)
Indicate the sentence in which the word “once” is being
used with the same meaning as the word in bold in the
excerpt from the second paragraph “Once we find that
individual spark in a child, in many ways, the hard part is
over”.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393782
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
The Missing Ingredient in Education? Curiosity.
It’s easy to forget how important individual passion is in
education; too often it can feel like it’s a game of just painting
by the numbers. But if we all think about it for a moment,
isn’t learning actually meant to be a joyous experience? If
you think about your own life, haven’t you had an afternoon
fly past because you’ve been gripped by a certain task, a
particular lesson, a specific train of thought? School education
is no different. If we make room for young people’s individual
curiosities, notice and nurture them, we can make learning a
natural experience.
Once we find that individual spark in a child, in many
ways, the hard part is over. They can lead the way with their
learning and they don’t have to be coaxed into it. Curiosity can
be utilized through inquiry-based learning and schools all over
the world are already making the most of this type of learning.
For instance, children are driven to the museums where
they are engaged in stories, games and activities. To develop
curiosity, children identify an exhibit on a particular topic and
are encouraged to ask questions about the exhibits to fill in
the gaps in their own knowledge. Along with utilizing manmade resources such as museums, nature itself has an
important part to play in inquiry-based learning. The world is
full of natural wonders which can spark curiosity in children.
Not only is identifying and encouraging curiosity pivotal
in a child’s educational career, but it will be useful for them in
the working world too. By instilling these behaviours early on
we can help kids to become lifelong learners, which they will
need to be, as single-track careers become an antiquated idea
and we’ll potentially find ourselves working several different
careers within our lifetime. Curiosity may have killed the cat in
decades past, but it could be the key to a more stable future
for the next generation.
(Josephine Lister. Disponível em: https://hundred.org. Adaptado)
In the context of the text, the expression from the first
paragraph “painting by the numbers” means
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393781
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
The Missing Ingredient in Education? Curiosity.
It’s easy to forget how important individual passion is in
education; too often it can feel like it’s a game of just painting
by the numbers. But if we all think about it for a moment,
isn’t learning actually meant to be a joyous experience? If
you think about your own life, haven’t you had an afternoon
fly past because you’ve been gripped by a certain task, a
particular lesson, a specific train of thought? School education
is no different. If we make room for young people’s individual
curiosities, notice and nurture them, we can make learning a
natural experience.
Once we find that individual spark in a child, in many
ways, the hard part is over. They can lead the way with their
learning and they don’t have to be coaxed into it. Curiosity can
be utilized through inquiry-based learning and schools all over
the world are already making the most of this type of learning.
For instance, children are driven to the museums where
they are engaged in stories, games and activities. To develop
curiosity, children identify an exhibit on a particular topic and
are encouraged to ask questions about the exhibits to fill in
the gaps in their own knowledge. Along with utilizing manmade resources such as museums, nature itself has an
important part to play in inquiry-based learning. The world is
full of natural wonders which can spark curiosity in children.
Not only is identifying and encouraging curiosity pivotal
in a child’s educational career, but it will be useful for them in
the working world too. By instilling these behaviours early on
we can help kids to become lifelong learners, which they will
need to be, as single-track careers become an antiquated idea
and we’ll potentially find ourselves working several different
careers within our lifetime. Curiosity may have killed the cat in
decades past, but it could be the key to a more stable future
for the next generation.
(Josephine Lister. Disponível em: https://hundred.org. Adaptado)
A teacher is going to use this text with the students, and
intends to practice with them the reading strategy called
inference.
In order to do this, he will ask his students to
In order to do this, he will ask his students to
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393780
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
The Missing Ingredient in Education? Curiosity.
It’s easy to forget how important individual passion is in
education; too often it can feel like it’s a game of just painting
by the numbers. But if we all think about it for a moment,
isn’t learning actually meant to be a joyous experience? If
you think about your own life, haven’t you had an afternoon
fly past because you’ve been gripped by a certain task, a
particular lesson, a specific train of thought? School education
is no different. If we make room for young people’s individual
curiosities, notice and nurture them, we can make learning a
natural experience.
Once we find that individual spark in a child, in many
ways, the hard part is over. They can lead the way with their
learning and they don’t have to be coaxed into it. Curiosity can
be utilized through inquiry-based learning and schools all over
the world are already making the most of this type of learning.
For instance, children are driven to the museums where
they are engaged in stories, games and activities. To develop
curiosity, children identify an exhibit on a particular topic and
are encouraged to ask questions about the exhibits to fill in
the gaps in their own knowledge. Along with utilizing manmade resources such as museums, nature itself has an
important part to play in inquiry-based learning. The world is
full of natural wonders which can spark curiosity in children.
Not only is identifying and encouraging curiosity pivotal
in a child’s educational career, but it will be useful for them in
the working world too. By instilling these behaviours early on
we can help kids to become lifelong learners, which they will
need to be, as single-track careers become an antiquated idea
and we’ll potentially find ourselves working several different
careers within our lifetime. Curiosity may have killed the cat in
decades past, but it could be the key to a more stable future
for the next generation.
(Josephine Lister. Disponível em: https://hundred.org. Adaptado)
Inquiry-based learning, mentioned in the second and third
paragraphs, can be described as
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393779
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
The Missing Ingredient in Education? Curiosity.
It’s easy to forget how important individual passion is in
education; too often it can feel like it’s a game of just painting
by the numbers. But if we all think about it for a moment,
isn’t learning actually meant to be a joyous experience? If
you think about your own life, haven’t you had an afternoon
fly past because you’ve been gripped by a certain task, a
particular lesson, a specific train of thought? School education
is no different. If we make room for young people’s individual
curiosities, notice and nurture them, we can make learning a
natural experience.
Once we find that individual spark in a child, in many
ways, the hard part is over. They can lead the way with their
learning and they don’t have to be coaxed into it. Curiosity can
be utilized through inquiry-based learning and schools all over
the world are already making the most of this type of learning.
For instance, children are driven to the museums where
they are engaged in stories, games and activities. To develop
curiosity, children identify an exhibit on a particular topic and
are encouraged to ask questions about the exhibits to fill in
the gaps in their own knowledge. Along with utilizing manmade resources such as museums, nature itself has an
important part to play in inquiry-based learning. The world is
full of natural wonders which can spark curiosity in children.
Not only is identifying and encouraging curiosity pivotal
in a child’s educational career, but it will be useful for them in
the working world too. By instilling these behaviours early on
we can help kids to become lifelong learners, which they will
need to be, as single-track careers become an antiquated idea
and we’ll potentially find ourselves working several different
careers within our lifetime. Curiosity may have killed the cat in
decades past, but it could be the key to a more stable future
for the next generation.
(Josephine Lister. Disponível em: https://hundred.org. Adaptado)
It is correct to state that this extract is probably part of
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393778
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following text to answer question:
The Missing Ingredient in Education? Curiosity.
It’s easy to forget how important individual passion is in
education; too often it can feel like it’s a game of just painting
by the numbers. But if we all think about it for a moment,
isn’t learning actually meant to be a joyous experience? If
you think about your own life, haven’t you had an afternoon
fly past because you’ve been gripped by a certain task, a
particular lesson, a specific train of thought? School education
is no different. If we make room for young people’s individual
curiosities, notice and nurture them, we can make learning a
natural experience.
Once we find that individual spark in a child, in many
ways, the hard part is over. They can lead the way with their
learning and they don’t have to be coaxed into it. Curiosity can
be utilized through inquiry-based learning and schools all over
the world are already making the most of this type of learning.
For instance, children are driven to the museums where
they are engaged in stories, games and activities. To develop
curiosity, children identify an exhibit on a particular topic and
are encouraged to ask questions about the exhibits to fill in
the gaps in their own knowledge. Along with utilizing manmade resources such as museums, nature itself has an
important part to play in inquiry-based learning. The world is
full of natural wonders which can spark curiosity in children.
Not only is identifying and encouraging curiosity pivotal
in a child’s educational career, but it will be useful for them in
the working world too. By instilling these behaviours early on
we can help kids to become lifelong learners, which they will
need to be, as single-track careers become an antiquated idea
and we’ll potentially find ourselves working several different
careers within our lifetime. Curiosity may have killed the cat in
decades past, but it could be the key to a more stable future
for the next generation.
(Josephine Lister. Disponível em: https://hundred.org. Adaptado)
A teacher asks students to read the title and try to imagine
what the text is going to be about.
This is intended to foster the reading strategy named
This is intended to foster the reading strategy named
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393777
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following cartoon and answer question:
(Andy Marlette. Disponível em: https://larrycuban.wordpress.
com/2023/01/26/)
The pronoun “it” in “I can’t turn in my homework because it
was seized” has “homework” as its referent. Sometimes,
this pronoun does not have a referent, and in such cases
is called a nonreferential, dummy or empty pronoun.
One such pronoun is found in
One such pronoun is found in
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393776
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following cartoon and answer question:
(Andy Marlette. Disponível em: https://larrycuban.wordpress.
com/2023/01/26/)
A parte da fala do personagem “it was seized in a
ransomware attack” mostra um trecho em voz passiva.
Indique a única alternativa cuja sentença aceita voz passiva.
Indique a única alternativa cuja sentença aceita voz passiva.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393775
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following cartoon and answer question:
(Andy Marlette. Disponível em: https://larrycuban.wordpress.
com/2023/01/26/)
A fala do personagem indica que o aluno
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393774
Inglês
Read the following excerpt:
The use of technology is not a goal in and of itself; rather, technology is one tool that supports language learners as they use the target language in culturally appropriate ways to accomplish authentic tasks. Further, all language learning opportunities, whether facilitated through technology or in a classroom setting, aimed at developing proficiency and communication in the target language through interactive, meaningful, and cognitively engaging learning experiences.
(Disponível em: https://www.actfl.org/news/the-role-of-technology-inlanguage-learning. Adaptado)
It is correct to state that the use of technology described by the author is consistent with the principles of the
The use of technology is not a goal in and of itself; rather, technology is one tool that supports language learners as they use the target language in culturally appropriate ways to accomplish authentic tasks. Further, all language learning opportunities, whether facilitated through technology or in a classroom setting, aimed at developing proficiency and communication in the target language through interactive, meaningful, and cognitively engaging learning experiences.
(Disponível em: https://www.actfl.org/news/the-role-of-technology-inlanguage-learning. Adaptado)
It is correct to state that the use of technology described by the author is consistent with the principles of the
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393773
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the following extract to answer question.
A friend of mine who is an orchestral conductor was
asking me (early in our acquaintance) about what I did for
a living. When I told him that apart from other activities, I
wrote books about how to teach English he said ‘Books in
the plural? Surely once you’ve written one, there’s nothing
more to say!’ I wanted to reply that he had just argued himself
out of a job (I mean, how many performances of Beethoven
symphonies have there been in the twenty-first century
alone?), but someone else laughed at his question, another
musician made a different comment, the conversation moved
on, and so Martin-the-conductor’s flippant enquiry evaporated
in the convivial atmosphere of a British pub.
But his question was a good one. Surely we know how
to teach languages? After all, people have been doing it
successfully for two thousand years or more, and some
aspects of teaching in the past have probably not changed
that much. But other things have, and continue to change.
Which is (I suppose) why every time I re-examine past
assumptions about teaching, I find myself questioning and
reinterpreting things I thought were fixed. And of course, I am
not alone in this. We all do it all the time – or at least we do if
we haven’t closed our minds off from the possibility of change
and renewal.
Language teaching, perhaps more than many other
activities, reflects the times it takes place in. Language is
about communication, after all, and perhaps that is why
philosophies and techniques for learning languages seem to
develop and change in tune with the societies which give rise
to them. Teaching and learning are very human activities; they
are social just as much as they are (in our case) linguistic.
But it’s not just society that changes and evolves. The
last decades have seen what feels like unprecedented
technological change. The Internet has seen to that, and
other educational technology has not lagged behind. And it’s
exciting stuff. I’ve tried to reflect that excitement and newness
in parts of this new edition.
(Jeremy Harmer, How to teach English. Adaptado)
O terceiro e o quarto parágrafos permitem saber o
seguinte:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP
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VUNESP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Tremembé - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q3393772
Inglês
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Read the following extract to answer question.
A friend of mine who is an orchestral conductor was
asking me (early in our acquaintance) about what I did for
a living. When I told him that apart from other activities, I
wrote books about how to teach English he said ‘Books in
the plural? Surely once you’ve written one, there’s nothing
more to say!’ I wanted to reply that he had just argued himself
out of a job (I mean, how many performances of Beethoven
symphonies have there been in the twenty-first century
alone?), but someone else laughed at his question, another
musician made a different comment, the conversation moved
on, and so Martin-the-conductor’s flippant enquiry evaporated
in the convivial atmosphere of a British pub.
But his question was a good one. Surely we know how
to teach languages? After all, people have been doing it
successfully for two thousand years or more, and some
aspects of teaching in the past have probably not changed
that much. But other things have, and continue to change.
Which is (I suppose) why every time I re-examine past
assumptions about teaching, I find myself questioning and
reinterpreting things I thought were fixed. And of course, I am
not alone in this. We all do it all the time – or at least we do if
we haven’t closed our minds off from the possibility of change
and renewal.
Language teaching, perhaps more than many other
activities, reflects the times it takes place in. Language is
about communication, after all, and perhaps that is why
philosophies and techniques for learning languages seem to
develop and change in tune with the societies which give rise
to them. Teaching and learning are very human activities; they
are social just as much as they are (in our case) linguistic.
But it’s not just society that changes and evolves. The
last decades have seen what feels like unprecedented
technological change. The Internet has seen to that, and
other educational technology has not lagged behind. And it’s
exciting stuff. I’ve tried to reflect that excitement and newness
in parts of this new edition.
(Jeremy Harmer, How to teach English. Adaptado)
Along 2,000 years, many approaches have been used
in language teaching. The approach that emphasizes
the importance of exposure to ‘comprehensible input’
in learning, encourages a stress-free environment and
highlights the difference between learning and acquiring
a language is
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