Questões de Concurso Sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês

Foram encontradas 12.991 questões

Q1860934 Inglês
Atenção: Para responder à questão, baseie-se no texto abaixo.


Impact of Point-of-Care Technologies on Healthcare

by Impelsys Admin | Apr 25, 2019 

     Point-of-Care Technologies is a set of technologies used at the location of patient care helping improve healthcare outcomes. Blood glucose monitors, urine dipsticks, pregnancy tests, rapid strep tests, rapid HIV tests, hemoglobin level tests are common examples of PoCT. In the past few years PoCT have advanced and the field is showing strong growth, as evidenced by new clinical or consumer products research and development directions. The widespread use of this set of technologies is driven by healthcare emphasis shifting towards greater healthcare awareness, precision treatment, optimization of patient management process, and chronic disease management − combined with advances in electronic devices and information technology. 

   Point-of-care technologies add to the effectiveness and efficiency in healthcare delivery. PoC devices provide critical information to clinicians assisting in the management of patient care. Point-of-care technology enables diagnosis at home, in the hospital, in an ambulance, or in the field; it effectively delivers high quality of life care at the patient’s bedside, or in the corner of a consulting room, doing away with procedures that require an entire laboratory and long hours to arrive at a proper diagnosis.

   Point-of-Care procedures involve faster and leaner processes as testing is done on bedside and fewer steps are necessary to produce the result.

These are some of the advantages of PoCT:

− They eliminate the need for processing and aliquoting, transporting the specimen to the laboratory, and communicating results back to the clinical staff.

− Faster access to test results allows for rapid clinical decision making, enabling more appropriate treatments and interventions.

− They require smaller sample volumes than those needed for traditional laboratory testing.

− They can also help reduce the frequency of testing errors like inappropriate sampling errors, errors during preparation or packaging of samples, and patient misidentification.

− The fact that PoCT is often performed by the individual providing care to the patient may help decrease post analytical errors due to incorrect transmission of test results.  

(Adapted from: www.impelsys.com)  
De acordo com o texto, os aplicativos PoCT
Alternativas
Q1860933 Inglês
Atenção: Para responder à questão, baseie-se no texto abaixo.


Impact of Point-of-Care Technologies on Healthcare

by Impelsys Admin | Apr 25, 2019 

     Point-of-Care Technologies is a set of technologies used at the location of patient care helping improve healthcare outcomes. Blood glucose monitors, urine dipsticks, pregnancy tests, rapid strep tests, rapid HIV tests, hemoglobin level tests are common examples of PoCT. In the past few years PoCT have advanced and the field is showing strong growth, as evidenced by new clinical or consumer products research and development directions. The widespread use of this set of technologies is driven by healthcare emphasis shifting towards greater healthcare awareness, precision treatment, optimization of patient management process, and chronic disease management − combined with advances in electronic devices and information technology. 

   Point-of-care technologies add to the effectiveness and efficiency in healthcare delivery. PoC devices provide critical information to clinicians assisting in the management of patient care. Point-of-care technology enables diagnosis at home, in the hospital, in an ambulance, or in the field; it effectively delivers high quality of life care at the patient’s bedside, or in the corner of a consulting room, doing away with procedures that require an entire laboratory and long hours to arrive at a proper diagnosis.

   Point-of-Care procedures involve faster and leaner processes as testing is done on bedside and fewer steps are necessary to produce the result.

These are some of the advantages of PoCT:

− They eliminate the need for processing and aliquoting, transporting the specimen to the laboratory, and communicating results back to the clinical staff.

− Faster access to test results allows for rapid clinical decision making, enabling more appropriate treatments and interventions.

− They require smaller sample volumes than those needed for traditional laboratory testing.

− They can also help reduce the frequency of testing errors like inappropriate sampling errors, errors during preparation or packaging of samples, and patient misidentification.

− The fact that PoCT is often performed by the individual providing care to the patient may help decrease post analytical errors due to incorrect transmission of test results.  

(Adapted from: www.impelsys.com)  
Segundo o texto, os aplicativos PoCT
Alternativas
Q1860932 Inglês
Atenção: Para responder à questão, baseia-se no texto abaixo.


Mobile Devices and Apps for Health Care Professionals: Uses and Benefits

C. Lee Ventola


     The use of mobile devices by health care professionals (HCPs) has transformed many aspects of clinical practice. Mobile devices have become commonplace in health care settings, leading to rapid growth in the development of medical software applications (apps) for these platforms. Numerous apps are now available to assist HCPs with many important tasks, such as: information and time management; health record maintenance and access; communications and consulting; reference and information gathering; patient management and monitoring; clinical decision-making; and medical education and training.
     Mobile devices and apps provide many benefits for health care professionals (HCPs), perhaps most significantly increased access to point-of-care tools, which has been shown to support better clinical decision-making and improved patient outcomes. However, some HCPs remain reluctant to adopt their use. Despite the benefits they offer, better standards and validation practices regarding mobile medical apps need to be established to ensure the proper use and integration of these increasingly sophisticated tools into medical practice. These measures will raise the barrier for entry into the medical app market, increasing the quality and safety of the apps currently available for use by HCPs.
(Adapted from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)  
Segundo o texto,
Alternativas
Q1858195 Inglês

Instruction: answer based on the following text.



(Available in: https://www.marthastewart.com/syndication/new-study-dogs-understand-commands-withouttraining – text adapted specially for this test).

In which sentence is the phrasal verb “warm up” used with the same meaning as in line 27? 
Alternativas
Q1858194 Inglês

Instruction: answer based on the following text.



(Available in: https://www.marthastewart.com/syndication/new-study-dogs-understand-commands-withouttraining – text adapted specially for this test).

The pronouns and possessive adjectives “which” (l. 04), “them” (l. 09), “They” (l. 09), and “its” (l. 10) are referring to: 
Alternativas
Q1858191 Inglês

Instruction: answer based on the following text.



(Available in: https://www.marthastewart.com/syndication/new-study-dogs-understand-commands-withouttraining – text adapted specially for this test).

Consider the following statements about the word “senior” (l. 01):

I. It can be an adjective.
II. It can be a noun.
III. It could be replaced by “old” in the text.

Which are correct?
Alternativas
Q1858190 Inglês

Instruction: answer based on the following text.



(Available in: https://www.marthastewart.com/syndication/new-study-dogs-understand-commands-withouttraining – text adapted specially for this test).

Which question is NOT answered by the text?
Alternativas
Q1858189 Inglês

Instruction: answer based on the following text.



(Available in: https://www.marthastewart.com/syndication/new-study-dogs-understand-commands-withouttraining – text adapted specially for this test).

According to the text, it is INCORRECT to say that:
Alternativas
Q1858188 Inglês

Instruction: answer based on the following text.



(Available in: https://www.marthastewart.com/syndication/new-study-dogs-understand-commands-withouttraining – text adapted specially for this test).

According to the text, which question guided the scientific studies conducted by the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research?
Alternativas
Q1855673 Inglês
Taking into account the following text, judge the subsequent item.

Perspectives on modern data analytics

By Eric Knorr - Editor in Chief, CIO | APR 12, 2021 3:00 AM PDT

Some things don't change, even during a pandemic. Consistent with previous years, in CIO’s 2021 State of the CIO survey, a plurality of the 1,062 IT leaders surveyed chose “data/business analytics” as the No.1 tech initiative expected to drive IT investment.
Unfortunately, analytics initiatives seldom do nearly as well when it comes to stakeholder satisfaction.
Last year, CIO contributor Mary K. Pratt offered an excellent analysis of why data analytics initiatives still fail, including poor-quality or siloed data, vague rather than targeted business objectives, and clunky one-size-fits-all feature sets. But a number of fresh approaches and technologies are making these pratfalls less likely.
(...)
New technology invariably incurs new risks. No advancement has had more momentous impact on analytics than machine learning – from automating data prep to detecting meaningful patterns in data – but it also adds an unforeseen hazard. As CSO Senior Writer Lucian Constantin explains in "How data poisoning attacks corrupt machine learning models," deliberately skewed data injected by malicious hackers can tilt models toward some nefarious goal. The result could be, say, manipulated product recommendations, or even the ability for hackers to infer confidential underlying data.
(...)
In the end, the secret to successful analytics is not in choosing and implementing the perfect technology, but in cultivating a broad understanding that pervasive analytics yields better decisions and superior outcomes. Usually, you can iron out technology kinks or requirements misunderstandings. But if you can't change the mindset, few will use the beautiful analytics machine you just built.

Disponível em: https://www.cio.com/article/3614692/5-perspectiveson-modern-data-analytics.html.
Acesso em: 15 out. 2021. 
The advancements on machine learning have always been preventing hackers from inferring confidential data or manipulating product recommendations when it comes to business analytics.
Alternativas
Q1855672 Inglês
Taking into account the following text, judge the subsequent item.

Perspectives on modern data analytics

By Eric Knorr - Editor in Chief, CIO | APR 12, 2021 3:00 AM PDT

Some things don't change, even during a pandemic. Consistent with previous years, in CIO’s 2021 State of the CIO survey, a plurality of the 1,062 IT leaders surveyed chose “data/business analytics” as the No.1 tech initiative expected to drive IT investment.
Unfortunately, analytics initiatives seldom do nearly as well when it comes to stakeholder satisfaction.
Last year, CIO contributor Mary K. Pratt offered an excellent analysis of why data analytics initiatives still fail, including poor-quality or siloed data, vague rather than targeted business objectives, and clunky one-size-fits-all feature sets. But a number of fresh approaches and technologies are making these pratfalls less likely.
(...)
New technology invariably incurs new risks. No advancement has had more momentous impact on analytics than machine learning – from automating data prep to detecting meaningful patterns in data – but it also adds an unforeseen hazard. As CSO Senior Writer Lucian Constantin explains in "How data poisoning attacks corrupt machine learning models," deliberately skewed data injected by malicious hackers can tilt models toward some nefarious goal. The result could be, say, manipulated product recommendations, or even the ability for hackers to infer confidential underlying data.
(...)
In the end, the secret to successful analytics is not in choosing and implementing the perfect technology, but in cultivating a broad understanding that pervasive analytics yields better decisions and superior outcomes. Usually, you can iron out technology kinks or requirements misunderstandings. But if you can't change the mindset, few will use the beautiful analytics machine you just built.

Disponível em: https://www.cio.com/article/3614692/5-perspectiveson-modern-data-analytics.html.
Acesso em: 15 out. 2021. 
According to the CIO’s 2021 State of the CIO survey, the technology enterprise which will probably demand IT investment in the near future will be business analytics.
Alternativas
Q1854099 Inglês
    General observation suggests that it is those who start to learn English after their school years who are most likely to have serious difficulties in acquiring intelligible pronunciation, with the degree of difficulty increasing markedly with age. This difficulty has nothing to do with intelligence or level of education, or even with knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary.
    Of course, there is no simple answer to why pronunciation is so difficult to learn — indeed, there is a whole range of theoretical perspectives on the question. What is generally accepted among psycholinguists and phonologists who specialized in this area is that the difficulty in learning to pronounce a foreign language is cognitive rather than physical, and that it has something to do with the way “raw sound” is categorized or conceptualized in using speech.
    Many learners of English as a second language have major difficulties with English pronunciation even after years of learning the language. This often results in them facing difficulties in areas such as finding employment. Up to a certain proficiency standard, the fault which most severely impairs the communication process in EFL/ESL learners is pronunciation, not vocabulary or grammar.

A. Gilakjani and M. Ahmadi. Why is Pronunciation So Difficult to Learn? In: English Language Teaching, Vol. 4, No. 3. Richmond Hill: Canadian Center of Science and Education, 2011 (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.


Pronunciation plays a greater role in limiting communication for EFL/ESL speakers than other aspects of language.

Alternativas
Q1854098 Inglês
    General observation suggests that it is those who start to learn English after their school years who are most likely to have serious difficulties in acquiring intelligible pronunciation, with the degree of difficulty increasing markedly with age. This difficulty has nothing to do with intelligence or level of education, or even with knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary.
    Of course, there is no simple answer to why pronunciation is so difficult to learn — indeed, there is a whole range of theoretical perspectives on the question. What is generally accepted among psycholinguists and phonologists who specialized in this area is that the difficulty in learning to pronounce a foreign language is cognitive rather than physical, and that it has something to do with the way “raw sound” is categorized or conceptualized in using speech.
    Many learners of English as a second language have major difficulties with English pronunciation even after years of learning the language. This often results in them facing difficulties in areas such as finding employment. Up to a certain proficiency standard, the fault which most severely impairs the communication process in EFL/ESL learners is pronunciation, not vocabulary or grammar.

A. Gilakjani and M. Ahmadi. Why is Pronunciation So Difficult to Learn? In: English Language Teaching, Vol. 4, No. 3. Richmond Hill: Canadian Center of Science and Education, 2011 (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.


Although experts have different perspectives on the causes of difficulties in pronunciation, there is a consensus that these difficulties are linked more to the learning process than to physiological features.

Alternativas
Q1854097 Inglês
    General observation suggests that it is those who start to learn English after their school years who are most likely to have serious difficulties in acquiring intelligible pronunciation, with the degree of difficulty increasing markedly with age. This difficulty has nothing to do with intelligence or level of education, or even with knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary.
    Of course, there is no simple answer to why pronunciation is so difficult to learn — indeed, there is a whole range of theoretical perspectives on the question. What is generally accepted among psycholinguists and phonologists who specialized in this area is that the difficulty in learning to pronounce a foreign language is cognitive rather than physical, and that it has something to do with the way “raw sound” is categorized or conceptualized in using speech.
    Many learners of English as a second language have major difficulties with English pronunciation even after years of learning the language. This often results in them facing difficulties in areas such as finding employment. Up to a certain proficiency standard, the fault which most severely impairs the communication process in EFL/ESL learners is pronunciation, not vocabulary or grammar.

A. Gilakjani and M. Ahmadi. Why is Pronunciation So Difficult to Learn? In: English Language Teaching, Vol. 4, No. 3. Richmond Hill: Canadian Center of Science and Education, 2011 (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.


According to the text, the difficulty in acquiring intelligible pronunciation in English grows slightly with time.

Alternativas
Q1854095 Inglês
    The history of language study illustrates widely divergent attitudes concerning the relationship between writing and speech. Written language was the medium of literature, and, thus, a source of standards of linguistic excellence. It was felt to provide language with permanence and authority. The rules of grammar were, accordingly, illustrated exclusively from written texts.
    The everyday spoken language, by contrast, was ignored or condemned as an object unworthy of study, demonstrating only lack of care and organization. It was said to have no rules, and speakers were left under the illusion that, in order to “speak properly”, it was necessary to follow the “correct” norms, as laid down in the recognized grammar books and manuals of written style.
    There was sporadic criticism of this viewpoint throughout the 19th century, but it was not until the 20th century that an alternative approach became widespread. This approach pointed out that speech is many thousands of years older than writing; that it develops naturally in children (whereas writing has to be artificially taught); and that writing systems are derivative — mostly based on sounds of speech.

D. Crystal. How Language Works. London: Penguin Books, 2006 (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.


The predominance of written language was unquestioned until the 20th century.

Alternativas
Q1854094 Inglês
    The history of language study illustrates widely divergent attitudes concerning the relationship between writing and speech. Written language was the medium of literature, and, thus, a source of standards of linguistic excellence. It was felt to provide language with permanence and authority. The rules of grammar were, accordingly, illustrated exclusively from written texts.
    The everyday spoken language, by contrast, was ignored or condemned as an object unworthy of study, demonstrating only lack of care and organization. It was said to have no rules, and speakers were left under the illusion that, in order to “speak properly”, it was necessary to follow the “correct” norms, as laid down in the recognized grammar books and manuals of written style.
    There was sporadic criticism of this viewpoint throughout the 19th century, but it was not until the 20th century that an alternative approach became widespread. This approach pointed out that speech is many thousands of years older than writing; that it develops naturally in children (whereas writing has to be artificially taught); and that writing systems are derivative — mostly based on sounds of speech.

D. Crystal. How Language Works. London: Penguin Books, 2006 (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.


The arguments presented in the third paragraph in favor of a greater emphasis on the study of speech are all based on the idea that spoken language precedes written language.

Alternativas
Q1854093 Inglês
    The history of language study illustrates widely divergent attitudes concerning the relationship between writing and speech. Written language was the medium of literature, and, thus, a source of standards of linguistic excellence. It was felt to provide language with permanence and authority. The rules of grammar were, accordingly, illustrated exclusively from written texts.
    The everyday spoken language, by contrast, was ignored or condemned as an object unworthy of study, demonstrating only lack of care and organization. It was said to have no rules, and speakers were left under the illusion that, in order to “speak properly”, it was necessary to follow the “correct” norms, as laid down in the recognized grammar books and manuals of written style.
    There was sporadic criticism of this viewpoint throughout the 19th century, but it was not until the 20th century that an alternative approach became widespread. This approach pointed out that speech is many thousands of years older than writing; that it develops naturally in children (whereas writing has to be artificially taught); and that writing systems are derivative — mostly based on sounds of speech.

D. Crystal. How Language Works. London: Penguin Books, 2006 (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.


According to the text, it used to be believed that the everyday spoken language is too anarchic to be used as the basis for grammar.

Alternativas
Q1854092 Inglês
    The history of language study illustrates widely divergent attitudes concerning the relationship between writing and speech. Written language was the medium of literature, and, thus, a source of standards of linguistic excellence. It was felt to provide language with permanence and authority. The rules of grammar were, accordingly, illustrated exclusively from written texts.
    The everyday spoken language, by contrast, was ignored or condemned as an object unworthy of study, demonstrating only lack of care and organization. It was said to have no rules, and speakers were left under the illusion that, in order to “speak properly”, it was necessary to follow the “correct” norms, as laid down in the recognized grammar books and manuals of written style.
    There was sporadic criticism of this viewpoint throughout the 19th century, but it was not until the 20th century that an alternative approach became widespread. This approach pointed out that speech is many thousands of years older than writing; that it develops naturally in children (whereas writing has to be artificially taught); and that writing systems are derivative — mostly based on sounds of speech.

D. Crystal. How Language Works. London: Penguin Books, 2006 (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.


The expression “this viewpoint” (third paragraph) refers to the idea that spoken language should follow the same rules as written language to be correct.

Alternativas
Q1854091 Inglês
    The history of language study illustrates widely divergent attitudes concerning the relationship between writing and speech. Written language was the medium of literature, and, thus, a source of standards of linguistic excellence. It was felt to provide language with permanence and authority. The rules of grammar were, accordingly, illustrated exclusively from written texts.
    The everyday spoken language, by contrast, was ignored or condemned as an object unworthy of study, demonstrating only lack of care and organization. It was said to have no rules, and speakers were left under the illusion that, in order to “speak properly”, it was necessary to follow the “correct” norms, as laid down in the recognized grammar books and manuals of written style.
    There was sporadic criticism of this viewpoint throughout the 19th century, but it was not until the 20th century that an alternative approach became widespread. This approach pointed out that speech is many thousands of years older than writing; that it develops naturally in children (whereas writing has to be artificially taught); and that writing systems are derivative — mostly based on sounds of speech.

D. Crystal. How Language Works. London: Penguin Books, 2006 (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.


In the first paragraph, the word “It” (third sentence) refers to “a source of standards” (second sentence).

Alternativas
Q1854089 Inglês
    Whatever training is given there should always be a permanent concern about the naturalness and spontaneity of everyday speech rather than an artificial sound production for the sake of preserving a “correct” pronunciation.
    This is, in fact, a crucial issue, since if too much care is demanded from the student, this may turn out to be an undesirable blockage to another more important factor, namely, fluency. Perhaps, and even worse, if over-careful pronunciation habits are developed, this will certainly cause difficulties for the oral comprehension, as the students will expect to hear sounds, words and utterances the way they personally produce them.

G.A. Chauvet. Improve Your Pronunciation. Brasília:
Editora Universidade de Brasília, 2005 (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.


According to the text, excessive demands with regard to pronunciation can inhibit fluency.

Alternativas
Respostas
5921: D
5922: D
5923: B
5924: B
5925: C
5926: E
5927: D
5928: E
5929: B
5930: E
5931: C
5932: C
5933: C
5934: E
5935: E
5936: C
5937: C
5938: C
5939: E
5940: C