Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 8.691 questões
Avoidance and evasion compared: The United States example
The use of the terms tax avoidance and tax evasion can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, the term "tax evasion" (or, more precisely, "attempted tax evasion") generally consists of criminal conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the assessment or payment of a tax that is already legally owed at the time of the criminal conduct. (The term "assessment" is here used in the technical sense of a statutory assessment: the formal administrative act of a duly appointed employee of the Internal Revenue Service who records the tax on the books of the United States Treasury after certain administrative prerequisites have been met. In the case of Federal income tax, this act generally occurs after the close of the tax year - and usually after a tax return has been filed.)
By contrast, the term "tax avoidance" is used in the United States to describe lawful conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the creation of a tax liability. Tax evasion involves breaking the law; tax avoidance is using legal means to avoid owing tax in the first place. An evaded tax remains a tax legally owed. An avoided tax (in the U.S. sense) is a tax liability that has never existed. A simple example of tax avoidance in this sense is the situation where a business considers selling a particular asset at a huge gain but, after consulting with a tax adviser, decides not to [VERB] the sale. ......97...... no sale occurs, no gain is realized. The additional income tax liability that [TO GENERATE] by the inclusion of the gain on the sale in the computation of taxable income is simply not incurred, as there was no sale and no realized gain.
(Adapted from Wikipedia: en.w ikipedia.org/w iki/Tax_evasion)
Avoidance and evasion compared: The United States example
The use of the terms tax avoidance and tax evasion can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, the term "tax evasion" (or, more precisely, "attempted tax evasion") generally consists of criminal conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the assessment or payment of a tax that is already legally owed at the time of the criminal conduct. (The term "assessment" is here used in the technical sense of a statutory assessment: the formal administrative act of a duly appointed employee of the Internal Revenue Service who records the tax on the books of the United States Treasury after certain administrative prerequisites have been met. In the case of Federal income tax, this act generally occurs after the close of the tax year - and usually after a tax return has been filed.)
By contrast, the term "tax avoidance" is used in the United States to describe lawful conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the creation of a tax liability. Tax evasion involves breaking the law; tax avoidance is using legal means to avoid owing tax in the first place. An evaded tax remains a tax legally owed. An avoided tax (in the U.S. sense) is a tax liability that has never existed. A simple example of tax avoidance in this sense is the situation where a business considers selling a particular asset at a huge gain but, after consulting with a tax adviser, decides not to [VERB] the sale. ......97...... no sale occurs, no gain is realized. The additional income tax liability that [TO GENERATE] by the inclusion of the gain on the sale in the computation of taxable income is simply not incurred, as there was no sale and no realized gain.
(Adapted from Wikipedia: en.w ikipedia.org/w iki/Tax_evasion)
Source: Newsweek Special Edition Dec 2005 – Feb 2006 (Adapted)
The world of tomorrow is not a world based on a supra- structure of nation-states. It is a world where business is a major shaper not only of economic developments but also of social developments; it is also a world where civil society feels deeply engaged. The only way to foster progress is to knit together the best minds, the most powerful leaders and the truly committed people to jointly define the problems, jointly propose innovative solutions and jointly engage in collaborative actions.
The text details
Source: Newsweek Special Edition Dec 2005 – Feb 2006 (Adapted)
The world of tomorrow is not a world based on a supra- structure of nation-states. It is a world where business is a major shaper not only of economic developments but also of social developments; it is also a world where civil society feels deeply engaged. The only way to foster progress is to knit together the best minds, the most powerful leaders and the truly committed people to jointly de?ne the problems, jointly propose innovative solutions and jointly engage in collaborative actions.
Paragraph 3 focus on the meaning of business
Source: Newsweek Special Edition Dec 2005 – Feb 2006 (Adapted)
The world of tomorrow is not a world based on a supra- structure of nation-states. It is a world where business is a major shaper not only of economic developments but also of social developments; it is also a world where civil society feels deeply engaged. The only way to foster progress is to knit together the best minds, the most powerful leaders and the truly committed people to jointly de?ne the problems, jointly propose innovative solutions and jointly engage in collaborative actions.
According to the author, “the only way to foster progress is to knit together the best minds”. In other words, the best minds should
Source: Newsweek Special Edition Dec 2005 – Feb 2006 (Adapted)
The world of tomorrow is not a world based on a supra- structure of nation-states. It is a world where business is a major shaper not only of economic developments but also of social developments; it is also a world where civil society feels deeply engaged. The only way to foster progress is to knit together the best minds, the most powerful leaders and the truly committed people to jointly define the problems, jointly propose innovative solutions and jointly engage in collaborative actions.
In a new form of global governance, multi-stakeholder networks, public-private partnerships and informal alliances of different actors will be the norm rather than the exception. The legitimacy of those platforms will depend less on a traditional “representative” process and much more on ongoing public acceptance and measurable gains.
Business has to play a very special role in such networks, as the generator of innovation. Of course, business has the primary motive of generating shareholder value, but it also has a great function as a social agent. Business is duty-bound to serve humankind by engaging with the other stakeholders of global society to address its challenges creatively and in a spirit of corporate global citizenship
According to the text,
Source: www.iii.org Jan/2006 (Adapted)
Many forces affect the price, availability and security of the insurance product. Some are external, such as changes in interest rates and the stock market, regulatory activity, the number and severity of natural disasters, growth in litigation and rising medical costs. Others are internal, such as the level of competition
The insurance industry is cyclical. Rates and profits fluctuate depending on the phase of the cycle, particularly in commercial coverages. The profitability cycle may be somewhat different for different types of insurance. While the industy as a whole experienced one of its best years in recent history in 2004 and in the first half of 2005, losses associated with Hurricane Katrina, Rita and Wilma may wipe out the profits of many insurers and force some to raise additional capital. None of the major companies are likely to become insolvent, however.
The text informs us that
Source: www.iii.org Jan/2006 (Adapted)
Many forces affect the price, availability and security of the insurance product. Some are external, such as changes in interest rates and the stock market, regulatory activity, the number and severity of natural disasters, growth in litigation and rising medical costs. Others are internal, such as the level of competition
The insurance industry is cyclical. Rates and profits fluctuate depending on the phase of the cycle, particularly in commercial coverages. The profitability cycle may be somewhat different for different types of insurance. While the industy as a whole experienced one of its best years in recent history in 2004 and in the first half of 2005, losses associated with Hurricane Katrina, Rita and Wilma may wipe out the profits of many insurers and force some to raise additional capital. None of the major companies are likely to become insolvent, however.
In paragraph 2, the insurance industry is described as cyclical. Thus, it is characterized by elements which
Source: www.iii.org Jan/2006 (Adapted)
Many forces affect the price, availability and security of the insurance product. Some are external, such as changes in interest rates and the stock market, regulatory activity, the number and severity of natural disasters, growth in litigation and rising medical costs. Others are internal, such as the level of competition
The insurance industry is cyclical. Rates and profits fluctuate depending on the phase of the cycle, particularly in commercial coverages. The profitability cycle may be somewhat different for different types of insurance. While the industy as a whole experienced one of its best years in recent history in 2004 and in the first half of 2005, losses associated with Hurricane Katrina, Rita and Wilma may wipe out the profits of many insurers and force some to raise additional capital. None of the major companies are likely to become insolvent, however.
In paragraph 1, the author
Insolvencies/Guaranty Funds Source: www.iii.org Feb/ 2006 (Adapted)
The regulation of insurance company solvency is a function of the state. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, which allowed banks, securities firms, insurance companies and other financial services entities to affiliate and sell one another’s products, continues this practice. State regulators monitor the financial health of companies licensed to provide insurance in their state through analysis of the detailed annual fi nancial statements that insurers are required to file and periodic on-site examinations. When a company is found to be in poor financial condition, regulators can take various actions to try to save it. Insolvencies do occur, however, despite the best efforts of regulators.
In relation to the monitoring of the ?nancial health of companies licensed to provide insurance, the state regulators
Insolvencies/Guaranty Funds Source: www.iii.org Feb/ 2006 (Adapted)
The regulation of insurance company solvency is a function of the state. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, which allowed banks, securities firms, insurance companies and other financial services entities to affiliate and sell one another’s products, continues this practice. State regulators monitor the financial health of companies licensed to provide insurance in their state through analysis of the detailed annual fi nancial statements that insurers are required to file and periodic on-site examinations. When a company is found to be in poor financial condition, regulators can take various actions to try to save it. Insolvencies do occur, however, despite the best efforts of regulators.
According to the text, “insolvencies do occur”, which means they
Insolvencies/Guaranty Funds Source: www.iii.org Feb/ 2006 (Adapted)
The regulation of insurance company solvency is a function of the state. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, which allowed banks, securities firms, insurance companies and other financial services entities to affiliate and sell one another’s products, continues this practice. State regulators monitor the financial health of companies licensed to provide insurance in their state through analysis of the detailed annual fi nancial statements that insurers are required to file and periodic on-site examinations. When a company is found to be in poor financial condition, regulators can take various actions to try to save it. Insolvencies do occur, however, despite the best efforts of regulators.
According to the text, the regulation of insurance company solvency
The access providers get together with anyone who could make them able to offer lawful downloading just as a public gesture.
The bigger the project, the fewer people are demanded.
