Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
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Text 10A1-I
There is no doubt that we are living in times of great change. Population mobility continues throughout the world at an all-time high in human history, bringing extensive cross-cultural contact among diverse language and cultural groups. Predictions focus on an increasingly interconnected world, with global travel and instant international communications available to more and more people. Businesses and professions seek employees fluent in more than one language, to participate in the international marketplace as well as to serve growing ethnolinguistic minorities living within each community. Employers increasingly want their employees to be interculturally competent. They want them to be skilful negotiators in increasingly intercultural work situations.
Change is not exclusive or selective in terms of the sectors of society which it affects. Industry, health, politics and business are affected, but also education. In different parts of Europe, just as elsewhere in the world, the presence of ethnic and linguistic minority children in schools is becoming an everyday phenomenon. Policy makers include intercultural objectives in curricula, and teachers find themselves faced with the challenge of promoting the acquisition of intercultural competence through their teaching. This is true for teachers of a diversity of subjects. It is definitely true for teachers of foreign languages. Foreign language education is, by definition, intercultural. Bringing a foreign language to the classroom means connecting learners to a world that is culturally different from their own. Therefore, all foreign language educators are now expected to exploit this potential and promote the acquisition of intercultural competence in their learners. The objective of language learning is no longer defined in terms of the acquisition of communicative competence in a foreign language. Teachers are now required to teach intercultural communicative competence.
Lies Sercu. Teaching foreign languages in an intercultural world. In: Lies Sercu et al. Foreign language teachers and intercultural competence: an international investigation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2005 (adapted)
Text 10A1-I
There is no doubt that we are living in times of great change. Population mobility continues throughout the world at an all-time high in human history, bringing extensive cross-cultural contact among diverse language and cultural groups. Predictions focus on an increasingly interconnected world, with global travel and instant international communications available to more and more people. Businesses and professions seek employees fluent in more than one language, to participate in the international marketplace as well as to serve growing ethnolinguistic minorities living within each community. Employers increasingly want their employees to be interculturally competent. They want them to be skilful negotiators in increasingly intercultural work situations.
Change is not exclusive or selective in terms of the sectors of society which it affects. Industry, health, politics and business are affected, but also education. In different parts of Europe, just as elsewhere in the world, the presence of ethnic and linguistic minority children in schools is becoming an everyday phenomenon. Policy makers include intercultural objectives in curricula, and teachers find themselves faced with the challenge of promoting the acquisition of intercultural competence through their teaching. This is true for teachers of a diversity of subjects. It is definitely true for teachers of foreign languages. Foreign language education is, by definition, intercultural. Bringing a foreign language to the classroom means connecting learners to a world that is culturally different from their own. Therefore, all foreign language educators are now expected to exploit this potential and promote the acquisition of intercultural competence in their learners. The objective of language learning is no longer defined in terms of the acquisition of communicative competence in a foreign language. Teachers are now required to teach intercultural communicative competence.
Lies Sercu. Teaching foreign languages in an intercultural world. In: Lies Sercu et al. Foreign language teachers and intercultural competence: an international investigation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2005 (adapted)
Text 10A1-I
There is no doubt that we are living in times of great change. Population mobility continues throughout the world at an all-time high in human history, bringing extensive cross-cultural contact among diverse language and cultural groups. Predictions focus on an increasingly interconnected world, with global travel and instant international communications available to more and more people. Businesses and professions seek employees fluent in more than one language, to participate in the international marketplace as well as to serve growing ethnolinguistic minorities living within each community. Employers increasingly want their employees to be interculturally competent. They want them to be skilful negotiators in increasingly intercultural work situations.
Change is not exclusive or selective in terms of the sectors of society which it affects. Industry, health, politics and business are affected, but also education. In different parts of Europe, just as elsewhere in the world, the presence of ethnic and linguistic minority children in schools is becoming an everyday phenomenon. Policy makers include intercultural objectives in curricula, and teachers find themselves faced with the challenge of promoting the acquisition of intercultural competence through their teaching. This is true for teachers of a diversity of subjects. It is definitely true for teachers of foreign languages. Foreign language education is, by definition, intercultural. Bringing a foreign language to the classroom means connecting learners to a world that is culturally different from their own. Therefore, all foreign language educators are now expected to exploit this potential and promote the acquisition of intercultural competence in their learners. The objective of language learning is no longer defined in terms of the acquisition of communicative competence in a foreign language. Teachers are now required to teach intercultural communicative competence.
Lies Sercu. Teaching foreign languages in an intercultural world. In: Lies Sercu et al. Foreign language teachers and intercultural competence: an international investigation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2005 (adapted)
“This line of research presented serious questions for Applied Linguistics (AL) and English Language Teaching (ELT) that, if implemented, would entail major changes in that endeavor.”
The use of verb tenses in “presented” and “would entail” indicates that:
I.The development of critical reading skills involves the student's ability to identify biases, the author's intentions, and the socio-historical context of the text.
II. Written production should be approached as a process-oriented activity, involving stages such as planning, drafting, revising, and rewriting according to the proposed text genre.
III. Listening is a passive process of phonetic decoding that does not require the use of prior knowledge or inferencing by the learner.
Choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT statement(s):
Study these sentences and decide if they are true ( T ) or false ( F ), according to structure and grammar use.
( ) The noun rice is countable and can be used with a/an.
( ) the genitive case is being used correctly in the sentence The children’s toys are on the floor.
( ) The following sentences are examples of the correct use of indefinite and relative pronouns There isn’t nothing in the box; The house which roof was damaged needs repairs.
( ) The sentence in direct speech I will call you tomorrow, she said., in indirect speech is She said that she would call me the next day.
( ) The sentence It says that the company will close soon., is the Passive form of People say that the company will close soon.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.
Study the sentences below about “Vocabulary and Communication of English-speaking countries”, appropriate for Ensino Fundamental, and decide if they are true ( T ) or false ( F ).
( ) In many English-speaking countries, shaking hands is a common form of greeting.
( ) The words kitchen, closet, bedroom, and cellphone are part of the semantic field of parts of a house.
( ) In the United States and the United Kingdom, punctuality is generally considered important in social and professional contexts.
( ) Words like teacher, classroom, and homework are connected to the semantic field of school and education.
( ) Semantic fields are only useful for advanced learners and are not important in elementary English learning.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.
Text 1
A Message Across Screens
Every morning, Emma checked her phone before getting out of bed. Messages, videos, and stories filled her screen, connecting her to people from different parts of the world. One day, she came across a short digital story shared by a student from another country. It talked about learning English through music, social media, and online friendships.
Curious, Emma replied to the post. Soon, they started exchanging messages and videos, sharing their daily routines, cultures, and challenges. Through these digital interactions, Emma realized that storytelling was no longer limited to books. It now lived on screens, combining images, sounds, and words to create meaning.
Over time, their stories helped them understand each other better. Digital storytelling became a bridge between cultures, showing that language learning is also about empathy, communication, and connection.
Read the following text about Reading Comprehension.
Cohesion and coherence play a crucial role in reading comprehension because they help readers understand how ideas are connected and how meaning is constructed throughout a text.
..............................., on the other hand, relates to the logical organization of ideas and the overall sense that the text makes as a whole.
............................... refers to the linguistic elements that link sentences and paragraphs, such as conjunctions, pronouns, repetition, and ............................. ties, guiding the reader through the text smoothly. When a text is cohesive and coherent, readers can follow the flow of information more easily, make inferences, and grasp both explicit and implicit meanings, which significantly ..................... comprehension.
Choose the alternative that contains the correct words to complete it.
Text 1
A Message Across Screens
Every morning, Emma checked her phone before getting out of bed. Messages, videos, and stories filled her screen, connecting her to people from different parts of the world. One day, she came across a short digital story shared by a student from another country. It talked about learning English through music, social media, and online friendships.
Curious, Emma replied to the post. Soon, they started exchanging messages and videos, sharing their daily routines, cultures, and challenges. Through these digital interactions, Emma realized that storytelling was no longer limited to books. It now lived on screens, combining images, sounds, and words to create meaning.
Over time, their stories helped them understand each other better. Digital storytelling became a bridge between cultures, showing that language learning is also about empathy, communication, and connection.
Read text 1 carefully. Study the sentences below and decide if they are true ( T ) or false ( F ).
( ) Emma shared the digital story she found with a student from another country.
( ) Storytelling has changed because now it combines images, sounds, and words on digital platforms.
( ) The main idea of the text is ‘social media replaces education’.
( ) Emma and her students communicate through messages and books.
( ) Every morning Emma writes stories.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.
Atenção: Considere o texto abaixo para responder à questão.
Artificial Intelligence in Accounting and Auditing
Federica De Santis
27 October 2024
The labor-intensive and repetitive nature of auditing tasks, combined with strict compliance requirements, make auditing an ideal area for the integration of digital technologies like artificial intelligence (Al). Al offers significant potential for auditors, enabling them to accelerate auditing tasks, minimize human errors and bias, overcome sampling limitations, examine entire transaction populations, and lower audit costs. Nonetheless. similar to any innovation in professional practices, the adoption of Al in auditing poses unique challenges for both professionals and policymakers. These challenges mainly pertain to auditors' readiness for technological advancements, their willingness to adapt their approach to audit tasks, and the ethical considerations of utilizing Al in their work.
(Adapted from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-71371-2_9)
[...] Foreign language learners may encounter various communication problems when their interlanguage is limited. In order to convey their messages and remain in a conversation until their communication goal is achieved, [...] learners need to employ communication strategies, which have been defined generally as device used by second language learners to overcome perceived barriers to achieving specific communication goals [...]. Language learning cannot be separated from its culture. Language is a clear manifestation of culture. A word can have both cognitive meaning and cultural meaning. Cultural meaning refers to words and expressions which represent cultural perception, values and behavior. At discourse level, the link between language, communication and culture is virtually inseparable.
Miscommunication occurs when one interprets communicative rules of one culture in terms of the rules of another culture. In the process of learning a second language, learners make some errors due to first language interference. By knowing strategies to avoid misinterpretation between different backgrounds of speakers, the problems mentioned before shall be avoided easily. Language teaching at school has traditionally been aimed at developing linguistic competence. Teachers tend to teach grammar and linguistic features without letting their learners practice and improve their communication in English. Probably this is one reason that cause some learners are good in English but they cannot use English orally. This problem may be solved by introducing communication strategies to learners in order to avoid communication problems and equip them with strategies to overcome the problems of speaking that they are dealing with [...].
Communication strategies are usually associated with spoken language and research has shown that students tend to use various communication strategies when they are unable to express what they want to say because of their lack of resources in their second language (L2) [...]. When learners experience that fluency in their first language (hereafter L1) does not follow the same pattern as their L2, a gap is created in the knowledge of their L2. These gaps can take many forms: a word, a phrase, a structure, a tense marker or an idiom [...]. In order to overcome that gap, learners have two options: they can either leave the original communicative goal or they can try to reach alternative plans and use other linguistic means that they have at their disposal [...]. It is also important to know that culture and language cannot be separated. Therefore, in the context of language teaching, the knowledge of language and its culture need to be taught as well. The role of teachers in introducing communication strategies to students could determine learners’ successfulness in facing problems of communication [...].
Despite the fact that many [...] researchers lend support to communication strategies training, some opposition to it has been expressed. Bialystok (1990) and Kellerman (1991) argue that one should teach the language itself rather than the strategies. Schmidt (1983) believes that L2 learners develop their strategic competence at the expense of their linguistic competence. According to Skehan (1998), using communication strategies by skilled learners may hinder the development of their interlanguage knowledge resources [...].
Available in: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1129727.pdf. Acess on: Jan. 30, 2026.
According to the text,
Central to multiliteracies is the concept of Design. The New London Group indicates the numerous ways by which signification occurs. More recently, as Kalantzis and Cope (2005) describe it, “there is a nice ambiguity in the word ‘design’. Design can denote morphology or the sense of invisible inner structures or inherent relationships of cause and effect” (p. 41). Kalantzis and Cope (2005) use Design in a comprehensive manner to denote “agency” as the “stuff of the characteristically self-conscious pedagogical moves, teaching frameworks and organisational forms of education as we currently understand it” (p. 41). In brief, as Falk (2001) observes, for the New London Group, Design expresses “the active role of the literacy learner in constructing new meaning from existing resources” (p. 314). Because Design rejects isolated, abstract and decentralised learning, it demands “production of the new rather than replication of the old” (Kress, 2000, p. 141). In Design, the learner is actively creating and re-creating while having choices in learning that did not exist in traditional print-based models of literacy.
The modes or Design concepts are: linguistic, visual, audio, spatial and gestural; however, the New London Group do not perceive each of these literacies as singular and isolated from other literacies. For students who engage with the four knowledge processes there is deep understanding and proactive learning:
• Experiencing: through the known and the new, where the evidence data from the prior knowledge and life experience of the learner is combined with immersion in new knowledge and new experience in meaningful settings.
• Conceptualising: abstract concepts and theoretical synthesis by the process of naming and theorising. This enables the learner to define, apply concepts and comprehend the abstract generalised meanings in concepts and visual representations.
• Analysing: analysing, interpreting functions capably, through the comprehension of the role of knowledge and critically by analysing purpose and intentions.
• Applying: knowledge appropriately and creatively by understanding suitable situations to apply knowledge and extending it to create new knowledges.
IYER, Radha; LUKE, Carmen. Multimodal, Multiliteracies: Texts and Literacies for the 21st century. In: PULLEN, Darren L.; COLE, David R. Multiliteracies and Technology Enhanced Education. Social Practice and the Global Classroom. Hershey and New York: ICI Global, 2010, p. 22. (Adapted).
After reading this passage on multiliteracies and design, choose the alternative that best conceptualizes those two words.
Abstract
Social media permeates the daily lives of millennials, as they use it constantly for a variety of reasons. A significant contributing factor is the availability of social media through smartphones and mobile apps. This kind of immersive and complex media environment calls for a literacy pedagogy that prepares students to understand, engage with, and adapt to social media that are inevitably going to remain a part of their lives. Research into digital literacy/literacies has sought to address the development of tools and methods to aid college students in becoming more situated and adept digital citizens. This article extends the conceptualization and application of digital media literacy through the inclusion of a critical, multimodal, and interdisciplinary pedagogical approach. The paper illustrates that critical digital literacy drawing upon multimodal and interdisciplinary analysis is imperative in preparing students to manage the predominance of social media in their lives.
TALIB, Saman. Social media pedagogy: Applying an interdisciplinary approach to teach multimodal critical digital literacy. In E-Learning and Digital Media. Sage, 2018. Available at: journals.sagepub.com/home/ldm. Access on: Feb 12, 2026. DOI: 10.1177/2042753018756904.
This objective of the article as stated in the abstract is to
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